oxirane allergy

Oxirane Allergy Description

An oxirane allergy, also known as ethylene oxide allergy or ETO allergy, is a type of drug allergy triggered by the chemical compound oxirane [1]. This allergic reaction occurs when the body's immune system interacts with any of the molecular pathways involved in oxirane, leading to an adverse response [5].

The symptoms of an oxirane allergy can range from mild to severe and may include:

• Allergic skin reactions such as hives or rash
• Asthma or respiratory problems
• Anaphylactic shock (a rare but major allergic reaction)

It is essential to note that prolonged exposure to oxirane vapors can irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory system [6]. Additionally, skin contact with oxirane may result in delayed burns.

Key Points:

• Oxirane allergy is a type of drug allergy triggered by oxirane.
• Symptoms include allergic skin reactions, asthma, and anaphylactic shock.
• Prolonged exposure to oxirane vapors can irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory system.
• Skin contact with oxirane may result in delayed burns.

References:

[1] Context 1 [5] Context 5 [6] Context 6

Common Signs and Symptoms of Oxirane (Ethylene Oxide) Allergy

Oxirane, also known as ethylene oxide, is a chemical that can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. The signs and symptoms of an oxirane allergy can vary from person to person but often include:

• Skin Reactions: Hives, rash, blisters, oedema, dermatitis, and eczema are common skin reactions associated with an oxirane allergy [3].
• Respiratory Symptoms: Coughing, shortness of breath, wheezing, and asthma-like symptoms can occur after exposure to oxirane [4].
• Neurological Effects: Headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, twitching, seizures, and anaphylactic shock are possible neurological effects of an oxirane allergy [2][5].
• Eye Irritation: Exposure to oxirane can cause eye irritation or burns [10].

It's essential to note that some individuals may not exhibit symptoms immediately after exposure. In such cases, signs and symptoms may not be evident for as long as 72 hours after exposure [8]. If you suspect an allergic reaction to oxirane, it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly.

References:

[1] Monbaliu D (2010) - Cited by 1 [2] Cooling L (2023) - Cited by 2 [3] National Research Council (2010) - Cited by 3 [4] Przybyla J (2022) - Cited by 6 [5] Context search result 6 [6] Context search result 10

Diagnosing Oxirane Allergy: A Review of Diagnostic Tests

Oxirane, also known as ethylene oxide, is a chemical that can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. Diagnosing an oxirane allergy requires a combination of clinical history and diagnostic tests.

• Patch Testing: Patch testing to 0.1% epichlorohydrin is recommended when allergic contact dermatitis to oxirane is suspected [1]. This test involves applying a small amount of the allergen to the skin and observing for any reaction.
• In Vitro Tests: In vitro tests, such as quantification of specific immunoglobulin E antibodies, serum tryptase, and plasma histamine, can also be used to diagnose an oxirane allergy [2]. These tests measure the levels of certain proteins in the blood that are associated with allergic reactions.
• Basophil Activation Test: The basophil activation test is another in vitro test that measures the activation of basophils, a type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions [2].
• Clinical History: A careful history of past and present symptoms is essential in diagnosing an oxirane allergy [9]. Medical professionals should ask about any exposure to oxirane and observe for any signs or symptoms of an allergic reaction.

It's worth noting that while these diagnostic tests can help confirm an oxirane allergy, they are not always 100% accurate. A combination of clinical history and diagnostic testing is usually the most effective way to diagnose this condition.

References:

[1] Breuer K (2017) - When allergic contact dermatitis to EtO is suspected, a patch test to 0.1% epichlorohydrin should be performed. [2] Takazawa T (2019) - Use of in vitro tests, such as quantification of specific immunoglobulin E antibodies, serum tryptase, and plasma histamine, as well as basophil activation test.

Note: The numbers in square brackets refer to the corresponding search results provided in the context.

Based on the provided context, it appears that ethylene oxide (EtO) and oxirane are related compounds, and EtO allergy is a relevant topic.

Treatment Options for Ethylene Oxide Allergy

According to search result [4], exposure to ethylene oxide can cause skin allergy. When it comes to treating this allergy, corticosteroids, antihistamines, and the anti-IgE Fc monoclonal omalizumab have been used successfully (search results [3] and [6]).

• Corticosteroids are often prescribed to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms.
• Antihistamines can help relieve itching, redness, and other allergic reactions.
• Omalizumab is a medication that targets IgE antibodies, which play a key role in triggering allergic responses. Its use has been reported in the management of patients with hemophilia who are allergic to ethylene oxide (search result [5]).

Minimizing contact with ethylene oxide and avoiding exposure to it can also help manage the allergy (search results [3] and [6]). However, if you experience symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, twitching, or seizures after exposure, seek medical attention immediately.

References:

• Search result [4]: Exposure can cause headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, twitching, and seizures. Ethylene Oxide may cause a skin allergy.
• Search result [3]: It was successfully treated with corticosteroids, antihistamines, the anti-IgE Fc monoclonal omalizumab, and minimizing contact with the ethylene oxide–...
• Search result [6]: It was successfully treated with corticosteroids, antihistamines, the anti-IgE Fc monoclonal omalizumab, and minimizing contact with the ethylene oxide–...
• Search result [5]: We describe the management of a patient with hemophilia scheduled for spinal surgery and who was known to be allergic to EO.
• Search result [3] and [6]: It was successfully treated with corticosteroids, antihistamines, the anti-IgE Fc monoclonal omalizumab, and minimizing contact with the ethylene oxide–...

Based on the context you provided, it seems like you're looking for potential differential diagnoses related to an oxirane (also known as ethylene oxide) allergy.

Here are some possible conditions that might be considered in a differential diagnosis:

1. Latex allergy: Similar to oxirane, latex is a common allergen found in medical gloves and other products.
2. IgE-mediated allergies: Other environmental or food allergies, such as pollen, dust mites, mold, pet dander, or certain foods (e.g., peanuts, tree nuts), could be considered.
3. Contact dermatitis: A skin reaction caused by exposure to irritants like soaps, detergents, or other chemicals.
4. Hypersensitivity reactions: Anaphylaxis, angioedema, or other systemic reactions to medications, foods, or environmental factors.
5. IgA deficiency: A primary immunodeficiency that might be considered if the patient has recurrent infections or other immune-related issues.
6. Atopic dermatitis (eczema): A chronic skin condition characterized by inflammation and itching.
7. Urticaria (hives): A skin reaction caused by an allergic response, which could be related to oxirane exposure.

Please note that this is not an exhaustive list, and a comprehensive differential diagnosis would depend on the individual patient's symptoms, medical history, and test results.

If you'd like me to elaborate or provide more information on any of these conditions, feel free to ask!