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bronchus carcinoma in situ
ICD-10 Codes
Description
Bronchus Carcinoma In Situ: A Preinvasive Lesion
Bronchus carcinoma in situ (CIS) refers to a condition where abnormal cells that resemble cancer cells are found only in the place where they first formed, without spreading to other parts of the lung or bronchus. This preinvasive lesion originates from the bronchial epithelium and is considered an early stage of lung cancer.
Characteristics
- Abnormal cells are present in the lining of the airways.
- These abnormal cells may become cancerous and spread into nearby normal tissue if left untreated.
- Stage 0 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is characterized by carcinoma in situ, where cancer is confined to the top lining of the lung or bronchus.
Staging
- The general staging for lung cancer includes:
- Stage 0 (in-situ): Cancer is in the top lining of the lung or bronchus. It hasn't spread to other parts of the lung.
- Stage I: Cancer has spread to a small area of the lung, but
Additional Characteristics
- Abnormal cells are present in the lining of the airways.
- These abnormal cells may become cancerous and spread into nearby normal tissue if left untreated.
- Stage 0 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is characterized by carcinoma in situ, where cancer is confined to the top lining of the lung or bronchus.
Signs and Symptoms
Based on the provided context, it appears that there are no direct results related to bronchus carcinoma in situ. However, I can provide information on the signs and symptoms of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is a type of lung cancer that can arise from the bronchi.
According to the search results, the most common signs of NSCLC include:
- A persistent or worsening cough [10]
- Shortness of breath [2, 12, 15]
- Chest pain [13, 14]
- Hoarseness or unexplained weight loss [10]
It's worth noting that bronchus carcinoma in situ is not a commonly used term in medical literature. However, it's possible that you may be referring to a precursor lesion or a stage of lung cancer where the tumor is still confined to the bronchi.
In this case, the symptoms mentioned above may still be relevant, as they are often associated with early-stage NSCLC. However, I would like to emphasize that these symptoms can also be caused by other conditions, and a definitive diagnosis can only be made through medical evaluation and imaging studies.
If you have any further questions or clarification regarding bronchus carcinoma in situ, please let me know.
Additional Symptoms
- shortness of breath
- persistent or worsening cough
- hoarseness or unexplained weight loss
- chest pain
Diagnostic Tests
Bronchus carcinoma in situ (CIS) is an early stage of lung cancer that has not spread beyond the lining of the airways. Diagnostic tests for CIS typically involve imaging and biopsy procedures to confirm the presence of cancer cells.
- Imaging tests: Chest x-rays, CT scans, PET-CT scans, MRI scans, and bone scans are commonly used to diagnose lung cancer, including CIS [6][8]. These tests can help identify abnormalities in the lungs and surrounding tissues.
- Bronchoscopy: This procedure involves passing a lighted tube with a camera down the throat into the lungs to visually examine the airways for any signs of cancer [4].
- Biopsy: A biopsy is a tissue sample taken from the affected area, which can be examined under a microscope to confirm the presence of cancer cells. Genetic analyses, such as EGFR and ALK fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH), may also be performed on the biopsy sample [3].
It's worth noting that early detection and diagnosis are crucial for effective treatment and management of CIS. Regular screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) starting at 50 years of age is recommended by the US Preventive Services Task Force to detect lung cancer in its early stages, including CIS [7].
Additional Diagnostic Tests
- Biopsy
- MRI scans
- Bronchoscopy
- CT scans
- Bone scans
- Chest x-rays
- PET-CT scans
Treatment
Based on the provided context, it appears that there are limited treatment options for bronchus carcinoma in situ (CIS) mentioned.
However, according to search result [4], smaller lesions can be easily managed by bronchoscopic modalities like surgery or bronchoscopic interventions, but no specific drug treatment is mentioned.
Search result [9] mentions that surgery is still regarded as the accepted approach for treating carcinoma in situ and results in a high 5-yr survival rate, but again, no specific drug treatment is mentioned.
It's worth noting that search result [8] discusses chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with advanced stage diseases or those who cannot tolerate surgery. However, this information does not specifically address bronchus carcinoma in situ.
Therefore, based on the available context, it seems that there is limited information on drug treatment options for bronchus carcinoma in situ. The most relevant treatment option mentioned appears to be surgery or bronchoscopic interventions, but no specific drug treatment is discussed.
References: [4] by A Gupta · 2019 · Cited by 19 [9] by A McWilliams · 2009 · Cited by 87
Recommended Medications
- surgery
- bronchoscopic interventions
💊 Drug information is sourced from ChEBI (Chemical Entities of Biological Interest) database. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any medication. Click on any medication name for detailed information.
Differential Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis of Bronchiolar Adenoma (BA) and Lung Adenocarcinomas in Situ (AIS)
Bronchiolar adenoma (BA) and lung adenocarcinomas in situ (AIS) are two types of pre-invasive lung lesions that can be challenging to differentiate. Here's a summary of the key points:
- Similarities: Both BA and AIS are characterized by lepidic growth patterns, with no stromal, vascular, or pleural invasion.
- Differences:
- Location: BA typically arises in the terminal bronchioles, while AIS can occur anywhere in the lung parenchyma [6].
- Histological features: BA is characterized by a well-defined border and a uniform cellular arrangement, whereas AIS shows a more irregular growth pattern with variable cellularity [6].
- Imaging findings: CT scans may show similar appearances for both conditions, but BA tends to have a more peripheral location and a smaller size compared to AIS [6].
Other Differential Diagnoses
When considering the differential diagnosis of bronchiolar adenoma (BA) or lung adenocarcinomas in situ (AIS), other conditions should be ruled out, including:
- Invasive adenocarcinoma: This is a more aggressive form of lung cancer that invades the surrounding tissue and can spread to lymph nodes.
- Squamous cell carcinoma: A type of non-small cell lung cancer that typically arises in the central airways.
- Adenoid cystic carcinoma: A rare type of salivary gland tumor that can also occur in the lung.
References
[6] Cao, L. (2020). Computed Tomography Features for Distinguishing Bronchiolar Adenoma from Lung Adenocarcinomas in Situ and Minimally Invasive Adenocarcinoma. Journal of Thoracic Oncology, 15(10), 1551-1562.
[7] Dec 15, 2022 — Adenocarcinoma in situ is a pre-invasive lung adenocarcinoma that shows lepidic growth with no stromal, vascular or pleural invasion.
Additional Differential Diagnoses
- Invasive Adenocarcinoma
- adenoid cystic carcinoma
- squamous cell carcinoma
- adenoma
- lung carcinoma in situ
Additional Information
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It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with questions about your medical condition.