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tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome
ICD-10 Codes
Related ICD-10:
Description
What is Tarsal-Carpal Coalition Syndrome?
Tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome (TCC) is a rare, inherited bone disorder that affects primarily the hands and feet [1]. It is characterized by fusion of the bones in the wrist (carpals), ankles (tarsals), and fingers (phalanges) [2][3].
Symptoms
In TCC, the carpal bones fuse together, as do the tarsal bones, which causes stiffness and immobility of the hands and feet [4]. This condition can lead to a range of symptoms, including:
- Stiffness and limited mobility in the hands and feet
- Fusion of individual bones in the wrist, ankle, and fingers
- Shortened first metatarsals (bones in the foot)
- Progressive degeneration of the affected joints
Prevalence
TCC is a rare condition, with less than 10 affected families described so far [5]. It is essential to note that this condition can be inherited, making it crucial for individuals with a family history of TCC to seek medical attention.
References
[1] Apr 1, 2012 — Tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome is a rare, inherited bone disorder that affects primarily the hands and feet. [2] Tarsal carpal coalition syndrome (TCC) is a genetic condition characterized by fusion of the bones in the wrist (carpals), ankles (tarsals), and the fingers ... [3] In tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome, the carpal bones fuse together, as do the tarsal bones, which causes stiffness and immobility of the hands and feet. [4] Tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome is characterised by fusion of the carpals, tarsals, and phalanges. ... Less than 10 affected families have been described so far. [5] Apr 1, 2012 — Tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome is a rare, inherited bone disorder that affects primarily the hands and feet. Several individual bones make ...
Additional Characteristics
- Tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome (TCC) is a rare, inherited bone disorder that affects primarily the hands and feet.
- The carpal bones fuse together, as do the tarsal bones, which causes stiffness and immobility of the hands and feet.
- Stiffness and limited mobility in the hands and feet
- Fusion of individual bones in the wrist, ankle, and fingers
- Shortened first metatarsals (bones in the foot)
- Progressive degeneration of the affected joints
Signs and Symptoms
Common Signs and Symptoms of Tarsal-Carpal Coalition Syndrome
Individuals affected by tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome often experience a range of symptoms that can impact their daily lives. Some common signs and symptoms include:
- Stiffness and immobility: The carpal bones fuse together, as do the tarsal bones, causing stiffness and immobility in the hands and feet [1][3].
- Difficulty forming a fist: Affected individuals may have trouble forming a fist, making everyday activities challenging [2].
- Painful walking: Walking can become painful and difficult due to the abnormal connection of bones in the foot [2].
- Rigidity and stiffness around the ankle: Patients may experience rigidity and stiffness around their ankle, with a decreased range of motion [5].
- Stiffness of the proximal interphalangeal joint: The proximal interphalangeal joint of the fifth digit can be stiff at birth, with or without bony synostosis [4].
These symptoms can vary in severity and may impact an individual's ability to perform daily activities. It is essential for individuals experiencing these symptoms to consult a medical professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.
References:
[1] Apr 1, 2012 - In tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome, the carpal bones fuse together, as do the tarsal bones, which causes stiffness and immobility of the hands ...
[2] Tarsal coalition is a genetic condition characterized by an abnormal connection of two or more bones in your foot.
[3] Apr 1, 2012 - Affected individuals have increasing trouble forming a fist, and walking often becomes painful and difficult.
[4] At birth, patients present with stiffness of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the fifth digit, with or without bony synostosis.
[5] Your child may experience rigidity and stiffness in around their ankle, and a decreased range of motion.
Additional Symptoms
- Stiffness and immobility
- Difficulty forming a fist
- Painful walking
- Rigidity and stiffness around the ankle
- Stiffness of the proximal interphalangeal joint
Diagnostic Tests
Diagnostic Tests for Tarsal-Carpal Coalition Syndrome
Tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome can be diagnosed through various diagnostic tests, which help identify the condition and rule out other potential causes of symptoms. Here are some of the common diagnostic tests used to diagnose tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome:
- Computerized Tomography (CT) Scan: A CT scan is considered the gold standard for diagnosing tarsal coalitions [15]. It uses computer-aided technology to produce detailed cross-sectional images of the wrist, ankle, and foot bones.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): MRI scans can also be used to diagnose tarsal coalitions. They provide detailed images of the soft tissues surrounding the bones, which can help identify any abnormalities [15].
- X-rays: X-rays are often used as a first-line diagnostic tool for tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome. They can help identify any bone fusions or abnormalities in the wrist and ankle joints.
- Genetic Testing: Genetic testing may be recommended to confirm the diagnosis of tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome, especially if there is a family history of the condition [10].
- Orthopedic Evaluation: A thorough orthopedic evaluation by an experienced healthcare professional can help identify any symptoms or signs that are consistent with tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome.
Diagnostic Teams
A diagnostic team for tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome may include:
- Genetics specialists
- Orthopedics specialists
- Radiologists (for imaging tests)
- Other healthcare professionals as needed
It's essential to consult a qualified healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.
Additional Diagnostic Tests
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- Genetic Testing
- X-rays
- Computerized Tomography (CT) Scan
- Orthopedic Evaluation
Treatment
Treatment Options for Tarsal-Carpal Coalition Syndrome
Tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome, a rare inherited bone disorder, can be treated with both non-surgical and surgical methods, depending on the severity of the condition. Here are some treatment options:
- Non-operative treatment: This is usually the first line of treatment, where conservative management aims to alleviate symptoms without surgery. [4]
- Surgery: Surgical coalition resection or joint arthrodesis may be indicated for severe cases that interfere with foot function. [8]
It's essential to consult a healthcare professional for medical advice and treatment, as they can assess the individual case and recommend the best course of action.
Treatment Goals
The primary goal of treatment is to reduce pain, improve joint mobility, and correct any deformities caused by the tarsal coalition. Treatment options may include:
- Physical therapy: To improve joint mobility and strength.
- Occupational therapy: To assist with daily activities and maintain foot function.
- Surgery: To resect the coalited bones or fuse the affected joints.
Importance of Early Intervention
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome. Delayed treatment can lead to worsening symptoms, deformities, and decreased quality of life.
References:
[4] Non-operative treatment is usually the first line, with surgery to follow when conservative management has failed to alleviate symptoms or to correct joint deformities. [8] Surgical coalition resection or joint arthrodesis is indicated for severe cases that interfere with foot function.
Recommended Medications
- Surgery
- Physical therapy
- Occupational therapy
💊 Drug information is sourced from ChEBI (Chemical Entities of Biological Interest) database. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any medication. Click on any medication name for detailed information.
Differential Diagnosis
Differential Diagnoses for Tarsal-Carpal Coalition Syndrome
Tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome, a condition characterized by the abnormal union of carpal and tarsal bones, can be challenging to diagnose. Here are some differential diagnoses that may be considered:
- Spondyloarthropathy: This is the most likely cause of extensive fusions in cases of tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome [4].
- Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS): While TTS typically affects the foot, it can also involve the wrist and digits. However, carpal coalition is a differential diagnosis for TTS if it overexcites a nerve at the medial malleolus [5].
- Other skeletal dysplasias: Carpal coalition may be seen in conjunction with other skeletal dysplasias, such as those described in family studies [2].
Diagnostic Considerations
Diagnosis of tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome is typically made using plain radiographs of the foot and ankle. A coalition, most commonly a calcaneonavicular or talocalcaneous fusion, can be visualized on these images [6]. It's essential to consider differential diagnoses when interpreting these results.
References
- [2] S Caino · 2012 · Cited by 2
- [4] by S Kacki · 2013 · Cited by 9
- [5] May 5, 2024
- [6] Jun 10, 2019
Additional Differential Diagnoses
- Other skeletal dysplasias
- spondyloarthropathy
- tarsal tunnel syndrome
- proximal symphalangism
- proximal symphalangism 2
Additional Information
- relatedICD
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- A dysostosis that is characterized by fusion of the carpals, tarsals, and phalanges, short first metacarpals causing brachydactyly; and humeroradial fusion.
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- IDO_0000664
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