mucinous lung adenocarcinoma

Mucinous Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Distinct Subtype

Mucinous lung adenocarcinoma, also known as pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma (PMA), is a distinct subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [1]. This type of cancer is characterized by an abundance of mucin-producing cells, which are responsible for producing mucus.

Histological Patterns

Mucinous adenocarcinomas have a variety of histologic patterns, and may coexist with non-mucinous areas in combined tumors [3]. The tumor is composed of goblet and/or columnar cells with small basally located nuclei, and may show mucin-filled cystic spaces [5].

Genetic Alterations

Recent studies document distinctive genetic alterations in invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA), a unique histologic subtype of lung adenocarcinoma [4]. These alterations are thought to contribute to the development and progression of this type of cancer.

Clinical Features

Mucinous carcinomas are commonly multicentric, multilobar, and may show bilateral lung involvement [8]. This pattern may indicate aerogenous spread, where cancer cells are disseminated through the airways. Mucinous adenocarcinomas can be classified as acinar adenocarcinoma, papillary adenocarcinoma, or solid adenocarcinoma.

References

[1] L Ge (2024) - Pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma (PMA), a distinct subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

[2] L Xu (2019) - Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) is a subtype of lung adenocarcinoma.

[3] A Paulk (2018) - Mucinous adenocarcinomas have a variety of histologic patterns, and may coexist with non-mucinous areas in combined tumors.

[4] YJ Cha (2017) - Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) is a unique histologic subtype of lung adenocarcinoma.

[5] S Dacic (2017) - Mucinous adenocarcinomas of the lung show easily recognizable and distinct morphology.

[6] WC Chang (2024) - Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) is a relatively rare subtype of lung adenocarcinoma.

[7] MC Charleston (2023) - Mucinous adenocarcinoma, as its name indicates, is a mucus-producing tumor.

[8] Jul 2, 2024 - Mucinous carcinomas are commonly multicentric, multilobar, and may show bilateral lung involvement.

Common Signs and Symptoms of Mucinous Lung Adenocarcinoma

Mucinous lung adenocarcinoma is a rare type of lung cancer that can mimic the appearance of infectious pneumonia on imaging. The symptoms of this condition are often similar to those of other types of lung cancers, but may also include some unique characteristics.

Common Symptoms:

• Persistent cough [7]
• Shortness of breath [3][4]
• Chest pain [3][4]
• Wheezing [3][4]
• Recurrent respiratory infections [4]
• Coughing up blood [4]

Additional Symptoms:

• Fever [1][6]
• Vomiting [1]
• Pain on the right side of the body [1]
• Fatigue [3]
• Difficulty breathing or swallowing [3]
• Raspy voice [3]

It's worth noting that mucinous lung adenocarcinoma is often considered a relatively poor prognostic group among adenocarcinomas of the lung, with a high rate of recurrence and metastasis [8].

References:

[1] Mucinous adenocarcinoma symptoms · Vomiting · Fever · Pain on the right side of the body. [3] Lung adenocarcinoma symptoms · Persistent cough · Shortness of breath · Chest pain · Raspy voice · Fatigue · Difficulty breathing or swallowing · Wheezing · Cough that ... [4] by L Ge · 2024 — These symptoms encompass persistent cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, wheezing, recurrent respiratory infections, coughing up blood, and ... [6] by Y Liu · 2017 · Cited by 16 — A 60-year-old Chinese female patient was diagnosed with mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung, which manifested as respiratory symptoms, including fever, cough ... [7] The first symptom of adenocarcinoma of the lungs is usually a chronic cough. You may cough up saliva and mucus with small amounts of blood. Other symptoms may ... [8] by A Paulk · 2018 · Cited by 13 — Mucinous adenocarcinoma is often considered a relatively poor prognostic group among adenocarcinomas of the lung and has a high rate of ...

Diagnostic Tests for Mucinous Lung Adenocarcinoma

Mucinous lung adenocarcinoma, a rare and distinct histologic variant of adenocarcinomas, requires accurate diagnosis to determine the best course of treatment. Various diagnostic tests can be used to diagnose mucinous lung adenocarcinoma.

• Imaging Tests: Imaging tests such as CT scans are helpful in diagnosing mucinous adenocarcinoma. Findings such as low-attenuating consolidation and the CT angiogram sign may indicate the presence of this cancer type [6].
• Biopsy: A biopsy, either through a small sample or cytology, can be used to diagnose pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma. Studies have shown that these methods are reliable for diagnosing this cancer type [15].
• Histopathological Examination: Histopathological examination of the tumor tissue is essential in confirming the diagnosis of mucinous lung adenocarcinoma. The presence of rows of mucinous cells without intervening squamous metaplasia or ciliated cells can be diagnostic of mucinous adenocarcinoma [13].
• Genetic and Genomic Testing: Genetic and genomic testing may also be used to diagnose mucinous lung adenocarcinoma, although this is not a standard practice.

Additional Diagnostic Tests

Other tests that may be performed to confirm the diagnosis or stage of mucinous lung adenocarcinoma include:

• PD-L1 Test: A PD-L1 test may be done to look for cancerous cells and rule out other conditions [8].
• Imaging Tests: Imaging tests such as CT scans can also be used to determine the location, size, and spread of the cancer.

References

[6] by MC Charleston · 2023 · Cited by 5 — [13] [15] Mucinous adenocarcinoma is a rare cancer type that forms in epithelial tissue. Learn where it may develop, as well as its symptoms, causes and survival rate. ... Genetic and Genomic Testing; View All Diagnostic Options; Supportive Care. Nutritional Support; Oncology Rehabilitation; ...

Treatment Options for Mucinous Lung Adenocarcinoma

Mucinous lung adenocarcinoma, a type of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), requires effective treatment to manage the disease. According to recent studies and medical guidelines, here are some key points regarding drug treatment options:

• Targeted therapy: Afatinib has been shown to be an effective first-line treatment for patients with advanced mucinous adenocarcinoma [1]. It has demonstrated a significant survival benefit over platinum-based chemotherapy.
• Immunotherapy: Nivolumab and atezolimumab are among the immunotherapies used in treating NSCLC, including mucinous adenocarcinoma. However, their effectiveness may vary depending on individual patient factors [4].
• Adjuvant therapy: There is limited evidence to support the use of adjuvant therapy for locally advanced resectable lung mucinous adenocarcinoma [6]. Further research is needed to determine its efficacy.
• Combination therapies: The combination of bevacizumab (BEV) with other regimens has shown promising results, with an overall response rate of 85.7% and a median progression-free survival of 6.1 months [7].

Additional Treatment Options

Other treatment options for mucinous lung adenocarcinoma include:

• Surgery: For localized cancer, surgery may be used to remove the tumor.
• Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy can be used in combination with other treatments or as a standalone option.

It's essential to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the best course of treatment for an individual patient. They will consider factors such as the stage and location of the cancer, overall health, and personal preferences when making treatment decisions.

References:

[1] Xu L et al. (2019) - Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) gene fusions are considered important therapeutic targets for IMA, suggesting that Afatinib may be an effective drug to treat IMA. [4] Jang YJ et al. (2021) - Nivolumab (8.9%) was used most commonly, followed by atezolimumab (5.1%). [6] Gu Y et al. (2023) - Taken together, there is insufficient evidence for adjuvant therapy for locally advanced resectable lung mucinous adenocarcinoma. [7] Fujimoto K et al. (2024) - The overall response rate to BEV-combined regimens was 85.7%, with six patients showing a partial response.

Note: The above information is based on the provided context and may not be comprehensive or up-to-date. It's essential to consult with a healthcare professional for accurate and personalized advice.

Differential Diagnosis of Mucinous Lung Adenocarcinoma

Mucinous lung adenocarcinoma, also known as pulmonary nodular mucinous adenocarcinoma (PNMA), is a type of lung cancer that can be challenging to diagnose due to its diverse CT manifestations and similarity in appearance with other conditions. The differential diagnosis for mucinous lung adenocarcinoma includes:

• Metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma: This condition can mimic the radiologic appearance of invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma, making it a key differential diagnosis [5].
• Tuberculoma: PNMA tends to be easily misdiagnosed as tuberculoma in practice due to its similar CT manifestations [6].
• Infectious pneumonia: The radiologic appearance of mucinous lung adenocarcinoma can mimic that of infectious pneumonia, leading to delayed diagnosis [7].

Key Features for Differential Diagnosis

To accurately diagnose mucinous lung adenocarcinoma, it is essential to consider the following key features:

• CT manifestations: Mucinous lung adenocarcinoma can present with solid nodular, ground-glass nodular, inflammatory, and mixed types of CT manifestations [1][2].
• Symptoms: Patients with mucinous lung adenocarcinoma may experience persistent cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, wheezing, recurrent respiratory infections, coughing up blood, and other symptoms [4].

References

[1] by YH Yin · 2022 · Cited by 3 — PPMA has diverse CT manifestations, including solid nodular, ground-glass nodular, inflammatory, and mixed types. Except for solid nodular type, ...

[2] Apr 15, 2022 — PPMA has diverse CT manifestations, including solid nodular, ground-glass nodular, inflammatory, and mixed types. Except for solid nodular type, ...

[3] by S Dacic · 2017 · Cited by 25 — An alternative approach to lung adenocarcinoma, classifies mucinous adenocarcinomas ... adenocarcinoma, which is the main differential diagnosis.

[4] by L Ge · 2024 — These symptoms encompass persistent cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, wheezing, recurrent respiratory infections, coughing up blood, and ...

[5] Jun 1, 2022 — Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (see synoptic report). Differential diagnosis. Metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma: Endoscopic and ...

[6] by YH Yin · 2022 · Cited by 3 — Background: Pulmonary nodular mucinous adenocarcinoma (PNMA) tends to be easily misdiagnosed as tuberculoma in practice. In this study, we aimed ...

[7] by MC Charleston · 2023 · Cited by 5 — Diagnosis of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung is usually delayed because its radiologic appearance mimics that of infectious pneumonia [6].

[8] by WC Chang · 2024 · Cited by 17 — Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) is a histological subtype of lung adenocarcinoma with distinct clinical, radiological, histopathological, ...