age related macular degeneration 11

Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Description

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease that affects a person's central vision [1]. It can result in severe loss of central vision, making everyday activities such as reading, driving, and recognizing faces challenging.

There are two types of AMD: dry and wet. Dry AMD is characterized by a gradual deterioration of the macula, which is the light-sensitive part of the retina responsible for central vision [8]. Wet AMD, on the other hand, involves the growth of abnormal blood vessels under the macula, leading to rapid vision loss.

The most common symptom of dry AMD is blurred vision, with objects in the center part of your vision looking distorted and dim, and colors appearing faded [4]. You may also experience difficulty performing daily tasks that require central vision.

AMD primarily affects people over 50 years old, making it a significant cause of vision loss among older adults [5][6].

Key Points:

• AMD is a disease affecting central vision
• Two types: dry and wet
• Dry AMD involves gradual deterioration of the macula
• Wet AMD involves growth of abnormal blood vessels under the macula
• Symptoms include blurred vision, distorted objects, and faded colors
• Primarily affects people over 50 years old

Early Signs and Symptoms of Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a condition that affects the macula, the part of the retina responsible for central vision. The early signs and symptoms of AMD can be subtle, but it's essential to recognize them to seek medical attention.

Common Early Symptoms:

• Loss of Central Vision: One of the earliest signs of AMD is a loss of central vision, making it difficult to see details straight ahead [2].
• Blurred or Distorted Area in Vision: The first symptom is often a blurred or distorted area in your vision, which can be mistaken for other eye problems [4].
• Reduced Central Vision: As the condition progresses, you might experience reduced central vision in one or both eyes [3].

Other Possible Symptoms:

• Visual Distortions: Straight lines may appear bent or wavy.
• Gaps or Dark Spots: Gaps or dark spots (like a smudge on glasses) may appear in your vision, especially first thing in the morning.
• Colors Can Fade: Colors may appear less vibrant or fade.
• Trouble Seeing in Low Light: You might struggle to see in low light conditions.

Important Note: If you experience any of these symptoms, it's crucial to consult an eye care professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Early detection and intervention can significantly impact the progression of AMD.

References: [1] Not applicable (this is not a search result) [2] Context #2 [3] Context #3 [4] Context #4

Diagnostic Tests for Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can be diagnosed through various tests and examinations. Here are some of the common diagnostic tests used to detect AMD:

• Visual Acuity Test: A simple eye chart test is used to assess your vision. This test measures how well you can see objects at a distance.
• Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA): This test uses a special dye and camera to take pictures of the back of your eye, including the retina and macula. It helps doctors detect any abnormalities in the blood vessels under the retina.
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): OCT is a non-invasive imaging test that takes high-resolution pictures of the retina and macula. It helps doctors see the detailed structure of the eye and detect any changes or damage caused by AMD.
• Fundus Autofluorescence Imaging (AFI): This test uses a special camera to take pictures of the back of your eye, highlighting any areas where the retinal pigment epithelium is damaged.

These tests are usually performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist during a comprehensive eye exam. The doctor will also ask about your medical and family history, as well as any symptoms you may be experiencing.

References:

• [4] Your doctor will check for AMD by testing your vision and examining your retina, a layer of tissue at the back of your eye that processes light.
• [5] To confirm a diagnosis of macular degeneration, an eye doctor reviews your medical and family history and conduct a complete eye exam.
• [7] Diagnosing Age-related Macular Degeneration · Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA) · Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) · Fundus Autofluorescence Imaging (AF).
• [8] Learn how macular disease is diagnosed through various tests and examinations. Optometrists and specialists can use photography or other imaging to detect ...

Treatment Options for Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can be treated with various medications, which are administered through injections into the eye. The main treatment options include:

• Anti-VEGF agents: These drugs block the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a protein that promotes the growth of abnormal blood vessels in the retina. Examples of anti-VEGF agents include:
  • Aflibercept (Eylea)
  • Ranibizumab (Lucentis)
  • Bevacizumab (Avastin)
  • Brolucizumab-dbll (Beovu)
  • Faricimab-svoa (Vabysmo) [5]
• Photodynamic therapy: This treatment uses a light-sensitive drug to damage abnormal blood vessels in the retina. It is typically used in combination with other treatments.

These medications can help stabilize or improve vision in people with wet AMD, but they do not cure the condition. The choice of medication and treatment plan depends on individual factors, such as the severity of the disease and any underlying health conditions.

References:

• [1] May 23, 2024 — These drugs — including aflibercept (Eylea), ranibizumab (Lucentis), faricimab (Vabysmo) and bevacizumab (Avastin) — stabilize or improve vision ...
• [3] Feb 20, 2024 — Treatment options for Wet AMD include brolucizumab-dbll (Beovu), aflibercept (Eylea and Eylea HD), ranibizumab (Lucentis), faricimab-svoa ( ...
• [8] There are drugs that treat but don't cure wet AMD. They include anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections. They block the production of ...

Differential Diagnosis of Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can be challenging to diagnose, as