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sialadenitis

ICD-10 Codes

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Description

Sialadenitis refers to inflammation or infection of the salivary glands, which can be caused by a variety of factors such as bacterial or viral infections, stones in the salivary ducts, malignancy, autoimmune disorders, and idiopathic reasons [1][2][3]. This condition can affect any of the major salivary glands, including the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, as well as the minor salivary glands [4].

The symptoms of sialadenitis may include pain and swelling in the affected gland, foul-tasting pus draining into the mouth, and difficulty swallowing or speaking [5][6]. In some cases, a painful lump may form in the gland, which can be tender to the touch.

Sialadenitis can be further

Additional Characteristics

  • inflammation
  • malignancy
  • stones
  • autoimmune disorders
  • idiopathic reasons

Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms of Sialadenitis

Sialadenitis, an inflammation of one or more salivary glands, can manifest in various ways. The symptoms can be quite uncomfortable and may include:

  • Swelling: Enlargement of the affected gland, which can cause swelling in the cheek and neck region, especially after eating.
  • Pain: Painful tenderness and discomfort in the area where the salivary gland is located, often accompanied by a dull ache or sharp pain.
  • Redness and Tenderness: The skin overlying the affected gland may become red, swollen, and tender to the touch.
  • Fever: In some cases, sialadenitis can lead to an infection, which may cause fever and chills.
  • Decreased Saliva: A decrease in saliva production is a common symptom of both acute and chronic sialadenitis.
  • Dry Mouth (Xerostomia): Dryness in the mouth can be a symptom of sialadenitis, especially if the infection affects the major salivary glands.
  • Pain while Eating: Pain or discomfort while eating is another common symptom of sialadenitis.

Additional Symptoms

Other symptoms that may occur with sialadenitis include:

  • Abnormal tastes or foul tastes in the mouth
  • Decreased ability to open the mouth due to swelling and pain
  • Exudates of pus from the salivary gland opening (in cases of infection)
  • Swollen lymph glands, facial pain, accumulation of fluid under the skin, and swollen jaws

References

  1. [3] - Symptoms include: Abnormal tastes, foul tastes. Decreased ability to open the mouth.
  2. [9] - Symptoms of sialadenitis include: Enlargement, tenderness and discoloration of one or more salivary glands. Fever (when the inflammation leads to an infection). Decreased saliva (a symptom of both acute and chronic sialadenitis).
  3. [12] - Other symptoms include fever and chills, which are general signs of infection.
  4. [13] - Symptoms are swelling, pain, redness, and tenderness.

Please note that these symptoms may vary depending on the severity and location of the inflammation. If you suspect you have sialadenitis, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Additional Symptoms

  • Swelling
  • Redness and Tenderness
  • Decreased Saliva
  • Abnormal tastes or foul tastes in the mouth
  • Decreased ability to open the mouth due to swelling and pain
  • Swollen lymph glands, facial pain, accumulation of fluid under the skin, and swollen jaws
  • salivary gland symptom
  • fever
  • pain
  • dry mouth

Diagnostic Tests

Diagnostic Tests for Sialadenitis

Sialadenitis, an inflammation and enlargement of one or several major salivary glands, can be diagnosed through various tests. Here are some of the diagnostic tests used to confirm the condition:

  • Physical Examination: A healthcare provider will perform a physical examination to assess the symptoms and examine the salivary glands with an endoscope (a tiny camera with a light attached) [2].
  • Imaging Tests: Imaging tests such as computed tomography (CT), ultrasound, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect salivary gland blockages due to stones or tumors [3], [6]. These tests are useful for diagnosing sialolithiasis, neoplasms, or abscesses.
  • Blood Tests: Blood tests such as a complete blood count (CBC) and culture and sensitivities of exudate from the duct can help identify any underlying infections [1].
  • Facial Radiographs: Facial radiographs (occlusal and/or soft tissue films) can be used to assess the salivary glands and surrounding tissues [1].

Advanced Imaging

In some cases, advanced imaging tests such as:

  • Sialography: Sialography, a specialized X-ray test that uses a contrast agent to visualize the salivary gland ducts, may be ordered to diagnose sialadenitis [7].
  • CT or MRI: CT or MRI scans can provide detailed images of the salivary glands and surrounding tissues, helping to identify any blockages or abnormalities [6], [8].

Laboratory Tests

Additional laboratory tests such as autoantibodies Sjögren syndrome A (SS-A) and Sjögren syndrome B may be used to confirm the diagnosis of sialadenitis [9].

It's essential to consult a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. They will assess your symptoms, perform a physical examination, and order the necessary tests to determine the best course of action.

References:

[1] Sialadenitis is the inflammation and enlargement of one or several major salivary glands. [2] Diagnosis and Tests. How is sialadenitis diagnosed? [3] Salivary Gland Infections: Diagnosis [6] Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging can be useful for diagnosing sialolithiasis, neoplasms, or abscesses. [7] Diagnostic ultrasound (maybe supplemented by imaging of the salivary glands, called sialography) [8] In central Europe, diagnostic ultrasound and color Doppler [9] Numerous laboratory tests are also used to confirm the diagnosis

Additional Diagnostic Tests

  • Imaging Tests
  • Blood Tests
  • Physical Examination
  • Facial Radiographs
  • Sialography
  • CT or MRI
  • autoantibodies Sjögren syndrome A (SS-A) and Sjögren syndrome B

Treatment

Treatment Options for Sialadenitis

Sialadenitis, an inflammation of the salivary glands, can be treated with various medications and therapies. The choice of treatment depends on the underlying cause of the condition.

  • Antibiotic Therapy: Initial treatment of sial

Recommended Medications

  • Antibiotics

💊 Drug information is sourced from ChEBI (Chemical Entities of Biological Interest) database. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any medication. Click on any medication name for detailed information.

Differential Diagnosis

Differential Diagnosis of Sialadenitis

Sialadenitis, or inflammation of the salivary glands, can be caused by a variety of factors, making differential diagnosis crucial for proper treatment.

  • Infectious causes: Bacterial (e.g., acute suppurative sialadenitis) and viral infections (e.g., mumps, cytomegalovirus) are common causes of acute sialadenitis [4][5].
  • Obstructive sialadenitis: This type accounts for approximately one-half of benign salivary gland disorders, often caused by stones or strictures in the salivary glands [3].
  • Neoplasms: Although rare, neoplasms of the salivary glands can also cause sialadenitis, making them a consideration in differential diagnosis [3].
  • Autoimmune causes: Sjögren syndrome and other autoimmune conditions can lead to chronic sialadenitis, often presenting with symptoms such as dry mouth (xerostomia) and swelling in the cheek and neck region [4][11].

Key diagnostic factors for sialadenitis include:

  • Fever
  • Pain and dysphagia
  • Facial swelling
  • Recurrent painful swellings
  • Exudates of pus from salivary gland opening

When considering differential diagnosis, it's essential to rule out other conditions that may present similarly, such as Sjögren syndrome, sialadenosis, and sarcoidosis [8][11].

References:

[1] Context result 3 [2] Context result 4 [3] Context result 10 [4] Context result 5 [5] Context result 6 [8] Context result 12

Additional Differential Diagnoses

Additional Information

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