obsolete gender identity disorder in adolescent or adult

Gender Identity Disorder (GID) in Adolescence and Adulthood

In the past, Gender Identity Disorder (GID) was a term used to describe a condition where an individual experienced a marked and persistent incongruence between their birth sex and their gender identity. This condition was characterized by a strong desire to be of the opposite sex, often accompanied by a rejection of one's primary and/or secondary sex characteristics.

According to [3], GID in adolescence and adulthood was defined as a "marked and persistent experience of an incompatibility between their gender identity and the gender expected of them based on their assigned sex at birth." This condition was often associated with significant distress or impairment in social, school, or other important areas of life.

The diagnostic criteria for GID in adolescents and adults included:

• A strong desire to be of the opposite sex
• A rejection of one's primary and/or secondary sex characteristics
• A preference for wearing clothes typical of the opposite gender
• A stated desire to live or be treated as the opposite sex

These changes were recognized by [9] as part of a broader understanding of GID, which often begins in childhood but may not persist into adolescence and adulthood. The more recent term for GID is Gender Dysphoria.

It's worth noting that the diagnostic criteria for GID have undergone significant changes over time, with the most recent revisions aiming to better capture the complexities of gender identity and expression.

Based on the provided context, it appears that the term "gender identity disorder" has been replaced by "gender dysphoria" (GD) as per the American Psychiatric Association's change in diagnosis [4].

The signs and symptoms of what was previously referred to as "gender identity disorder" in adolescents or adults can be understood through the lens of gender dysphoria. Here are some key points:

• A strong desire to be rid of one's sex characteristics, particularly during puberty [2].
• Anxiety, depression, self-harm, abuse and neglect, substance abuse, personality disorders, and eating disorders are common concerns for transgender people [3].
• A marked difference between assigned sex and gender identity, leading to feelings of misalignment rooted in gender [5].
• Symptoms such as lack of confidence, social withdrawal or isolation, anxiety or depression, assuming unnecessary dangers, and putting oneself in harm's way can be indicative of gender dysphoria [9].

It is essential to note that these symptoms are not unique to what was previously referred to as "gender identity disorder" but are rather associated with the broader concept of gender dysphoria. The diagnosis of gender dysphoria involves a comprehensive evaluation, taking into account the individual's feelings and experiences.

References:

[2] - A strong desire to be rid of one's sex characteristics is mentioned in the context. [3] - Anxiety, depression, self-harm, abuse and neglect, substance abuse, personality disorders, and eating disorders are common concerns for transgender people. [4] - The American Psychiatric Association has changed the diagnosis of gender identity disorder to gender dysphoria (GD). [5] - A marked difference between assigned sex and gender identity is a symptom of gender dysphoria. [9] - Symptoms such as lack of confidence, social withdrawal or isolation, anxiety or depression, assuming unnecessary dangers, and putting oneself in harm's way can be indicative of gender dysphoria.

Based on the provided context, it appears that there were diagnostic tests for Gender Identity Disorder (GID) in adolescents and adults, which is now considered an obsolete diagnosis.

• The DSM-IV (1994) replaced "transsexualism" with "gender identity disorder in adults and adolescence," but controversy continued regarding its pathologization of identity rather than a true disorder [13].
• A study compared adolescents and adults with GID to clinical controls on the Gender Identity/Gender Dysphoria Questionnaire for Adolescents and Adults (GIDYQ-AA), a 27-item scale [14].
• The DSM-III and DSM-IV included a diagnostic category for GID, which was replaced in DSM-5 by Gender Dysphoria [7].

It's worth noting that the current understanding and diagnosis of gender dysphoria have evolved, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has undergone revisions to reflect this change.

The following diagnostic tests or questionnaires were used for GID:

• The Gender Identity/Gender Dysphoria Questionnaire for Adolescents and Adults (GIDYQ-AA), a 27-item scale [14]
• Items 1, 13, and 27 of the questionnaire were reversed scored, and for adolescents <18 years of age, the word "woman" was changed to "girl" [10]

These diagnostic tests and questionnaires are no longer used in current practice, as the understanding and diagnosis of gender dysphoria have evolved.

References:

[7] The DSM-III and DSM-IV included a diagnostic category for GID, which was replaced in DSM-5 by Gender Dysphoria. [10] Items 1, 13, and 27 of the questionnaire were reversed scored, and for adolescents <18 years of age, the word "woman" was changed to "girl". [13] The DSM-IV (1994) replaced "transsexualism" with "gender identity disorder in adults and adolescence," but controversy continued regarding its pathologization of identity rather than a true disorder. [14] A study compared adolescents and adults with GID to clinical controls on the Gender Identity/Gender Dysphoria Questionnaire for Adolescents and Adults (GIDYQ-AA), a 27-item scale.

Based on the provided context, it appears that there are various treatment options available for individuals with gender dysphoria, including adolescents and adults.

Pharmacological Management

According to search result [11], psychiatry often plays a primary role in the diagnosis and treatment of major mental illnesses where gender identity concerns may arise. This includes pharmacological management of psychiatric disorders that may coexist with Gender Identity Disorder (GID), such as mood and anxiety disorders.

• Pimozide: Search result [5] suggests that pharmacotherapy with pimozide should be considered in cases of doubtful GID.
• Antidepressants: Search result [10] indicates that antidepressants, specifically SSRIs, are prescribed for individuals with GID. However, it's essential to note that the prevalence of antidepressant use varies by sex and age group.

Other Treatment Options

In addition to pharmacological management, other treatment options are available for individuals with gender dysphoria:

• Psychosocial therapy: Search result [13] mentions psychosocial therapy as a treatment option for individuals with GID.
• Hormonal treatment: Search result [7] discusses hormone therapy in children and young people, including puberty blockers and gender-affirming hormones.
• Surgical procedures: Search result [13] lists more than a dozen possible surgical procedures that may be considered for individuals with GID.

Important Considerations

It's essential to note that primary care physicians often play an important role in diagnosis and initiation of treatment, but gender dysphoria is preferentially diagnosed by specialized psychologists or psychiatrists (search result [14]).

Furthermore, treatment decreases suicidality among individuals with gender dysphoria and leads to improved quality of life (search result [13]). However, more invasive treatments are associated with

The differential diagnosis of obsolete gender identity disorders, such as "gender identity disorder" (GID), involves ruling out other conditions that may present with similar symptoms. According to [5], differential diagnosis is carried out with disorders and conditions in which violations of gender identity and gender-role behaviour can also be observed.

Some of the conditions that need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of obsolete GID include:

• Mood disorders: Depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders can present with symptoms similar to those of GID. For example, a person experiencing depression may exhibit changes in behavior or appearance that could be misinterpreted as indicative of GID.
• Personality disorders: Certain personality disorders, such as borderline personality disorder, can also present with symptoms similar to those of GID.
• Neurodevelopmental disorders: Conditions like autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can sometimes be misdiagnosed as GID due to similarities in behavioral presentation.
• Psychotic disorders: In rare cases, psychotic disorders can manifest with delusions or hallucinations that may be mistaken for symptoms of GID.

It is essential to note that the ICD-11 has redefined gender identity-related health, replacing outdated diagnostic categories like "transsexualism" and "gender identity disorder" [6]. This change reflects a more nuanced understanding of gender diversity and acknowledges that gender incongruence can manifest in various ways.

When considering differential diagnosis for obsolete GID, it is crucial to conduct a thorough evaluation of the individual's mental health history, including any previous diagnoses or treatments. A comprehensive assessment by a qualified healthcare professional is necessary to accurately diagnose and differentiate between these conditions [7].

References: [5] AV Dyachenko · 2021 · Cited by 4 — Differential diagnosis is carried out with disorders and conditions in which violations of gender identity and gender-role behaviour can also be ... [6] ICD-11 has redefined gender identity-related health, replacing outdated diagnostic categories like ICD-10's “transsexualism” and “gender identity disorder of ... [7] by W Byne · 2018 · Cited by 162 — This article aims to assist adult psychiatrists who are not gender specialists in the delivery of respectful, clinically competent, and culturally attuned care.