obsolete breast papillomatosis

Breast Papillomatosis: An Obsolete Classification

Breast papillomatosis, also known as epitheliosis-like lesion, is a rare and benign condition characterized by an overgrowth of cells lining the ducts of glands in the breast. This condition was previously classified under various names, including intraductal papilloma, but it has been recognized as a distinct entity.

Characteristics

Breast papillomatosis typically presents as a small, noncancerous (benign) tumor that grows in a milk duct of the breast. It is often associated with nipple discharge or a breast mass that can be found by imaging studies [1][2]. The condition may also manifest as unilateral nipple discharge, which is often bloody or serous [3].

Types

There are two main types of breast papillomatosis: central and peripheral. Central intraductal papilloma mainly manifests as unilateral nipple discharge, while peripheral intraductal papilloma can be found by imaging studies [4].

Risk Factors

Patients with breast papillomatosis often have a family history of breast carcinoma, and they themselves have an increased risk for developing breast carcinoma. A study showed that 28% of patients with juvenile papillomatosis had one or more relatives with breast cancer [5]. Careful clinical surveillance is recommended for these individuals.

References

• [1] D Wu (2021) Peripheral intraductal papilloma is usually concealed and is characterized by nipple discharge or a breast mass that can be found by imaging...
• [2] A benign papillary neoplasm that arises anywhere in the ductal system of the breast.
• [3] Central intraductal papilloma mainly manifests as unilateral nipple discharge, which is often bloody or serous.
• [4] Intraductal papilloma is a small, noncancerous (benign) tumor that grows in a milk duct of the breast.
• [5] Patients with juvenile papillomatosis often have a family history of breast carcinoma, and the patients themselves have an increased risk for developing breast carcinoma.

Common Signs and Symptoms of Intraductal Papilloma

Intraductal papillomas, also known as breast papillomatosis, are benign tumors that grow within the milk ducts of the breast. The symptoms of this condition can vary from person to person, but here are some common signs and symptoms:

• Nipple discharge: This is the most common symptom of intraductal papilloma, with bloody or serous nipple discharge being a typical presentation [1][3].
• Breast mass: A palpable lump or mass in the breast can also be a sign of intraductal papilloma [1][3].
• Depression in the nipple: In some cases, there may be a depression or dimpling in the nipple area [2].
• Armpit lymph nodes: Painful and large armpit lymph nodes can also occur in some individuals with intraductal papilloma [2].

Other Possible Symptoms

While not as common, other symptoms that may be associated with intraductal papilloma include:

• Breast pain: Some women may experience breast pain or tenderness due to the presence of a tumor [6].
• Skin lesions: In rare cases, skin lesions or abscesses on the breast can occur [2].

Important Notes

It's essential to note that these symptoms can also be indicative of other breast conditions, such as cancer. Therefore, if you're experiencing any unusual symptoms, it's crucial to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and diagnosis.

References:

[1] by D Wu · 2021 · Cited by 8 — The typical clinical manifestation of both types is bloody or serous nipple discharge with or without a breast mass. [2] Additionally, there may be a depression in the nipple, an abscess on the skin, and the appearance of cellulite. Armpit lymph nodes may be painful and large. [3] by D Wu · 2021 · Cited by 8 — Peripheral intraductal papilloma is usually concealed and is characterized by nipple discharge or a breast mass that can be found by imaging ... [6] Many women have breast symptoms—swelling and tenderness, nodularity, pain, palpable lumps, nipple discharge, or breast infections and inflammation. Fortunately, ...

Diagnostic Tests for Obsolete Breast Papillomatosis

Breast papillomatosis, a condition characterized by the growth of benign tumors in the milk ducts of the breast, can be diagnosed using various imaging and biopsy techniques. While some of these methods may have been considered obsolete or less accurate in the past, they are still relevant for certain cases.

• Mammography: A mammogram is an X-ray image of the breast that can help identify tumors, including papillomas. However, it may not always show a papilloma, especially if it's small [5].
• Ultrasound: Ultrasound imaging can be helpful in diagnosing papillomas, particularly when used in conjunction with mammography [4]. It can provide more detailed images of the breast tissue and help identify tumors.
• Ductography: Ductography is a specialized X-ray technique that involves injecting a contrast agent into the milk ducts to visualize them on an X-ray image. This method can be useful for diagnosing papillomas, especially when there's nipple discharge [6].
• Breast biopsy: A breast biopsy involves removing a sample of tissue from the breast and examining it under a microscope. There are different types of biopsies, including needle aspiration biopsy (NAB) and core needle biopsy (CNB). An ultrasound-guided CNB is considered the least invasive option for patients [14].

Modern Diagnostic Tests

In addition to these older methods, modern diagnostic tests have improved the accuracy of breast papillomatosis diagnosis. These include:

• Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT): DBT is a 3D imaging technique that provides more detailed images of the breast tissue than traditional mammography [8].
• Galactography: Galactography involves injecting a contrast agent into the milk ducts to visualize them on an X-ray image. Modern galactography techniques, such as DBT-galactography, have shown higher sensitivity and accuracy for identifying intraductal findings compared to older methods [8].

References

[4] by D Wu · 2021 · Cited by 8 — Ultrasound examination is performed to exclude other breast tumors for the central type and to locate tumor sites for the peripheral type. †. [5] Oct 2, 2015 — A mammogram should be performed, but may not show a papilloma. Ultrasound may be helpful. Other tests include: A breast biopsy to rule out ... [6] Ductography is useful as an aid in diagnosing the cause of an abnormal nipple discharge and is valuable in diagnosing intraductal papillomas. Ductography ... [8] by M Moschetta · 2020 · Cited by 7 — DBT-galactography showed a high sensitivity and accuracy for identifying intraductal findings compared to older methods. [14] These findings will help the radiologist or breast surgeon form a diagnosis and recommendation for treatment. When a biopsy is indicated, an ultrasound-guided core biopsy is the least invasive choice for the patient, and the real-time guidance ensures proper sampling.

Based on the search results, it appears that there are limited information available on the drug treatment for obsolete breast papillomatosis.

However, I found some relevant information in search result [4] and [8] that might be helpful. According to these sources, there is no specific mention of drug treatment for obsolete breast papillomatosis.

But, it's worth noting that in search result [14], a patient with galactorrhea (a condition related to breast papillomatosis) can be treated with bromocriptine. However, this information might not be directly applicable to obsolete breast papillomatosis.

In search result [15], the treatment for granulomatous mastitis (a different condition) is mentioned, but it's not clear if this information is relevant to obsolete breast papillomatosis.

It's also worth noting that in search result [13], Dichloroacetate (DCA) is mentioned as an anti-cancer agent, but its relevance to obsolete breast papillomatosis is unclear.

In summary, while there are some limited information available on the treatment of related conditions, it appears that there is no specific drug treatment for obsolete breast papillomatosis. However, further research and clarification might be needed to confirm this.

References: [4] Objectives: To conduct a review of evidence about papillomatosis/multiple papillomas (MP), its clinical and imaging presentation, the association between MP and malignancy and the management strategies that follow. [8] To the Editor: Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CARP) is a rare dermatosis characterized by persistent, hyperpigmented, reticulated papules and plaques. [13] Dichloroacetate (DCA) is an anti-cancer agent that reverses the glycolytic phenotype in cancer cells by inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. [14] Patients with galactorrhea can be treated with bromocriptine. [15] How is granulomatous mastitis treated? Treatment usually begins with broad-acting antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Differential Diagnosis of Obsolete Breast Papillomatosis

Breast papillomatosis, also known as intraductal papillomatosis, is a condition characterized by the growth of multiple small, benign tumors within the milk ducts of the breast. The differential diagnosis for this condition involves ruling out other breast lesions that may present with similar symptoms.

Possible Differential Diagnoses:

• Intraductal Papillary Carcinoma (IPC): A rare type of cancer that grows in the milk ducts of the breast. According to [5], IPC is one of the possible diagnoses for patients presenting with intraductal papillomatosis.
• Periductal Mastitis (PDM): A condition characterized by inflammation and scarring around the milk ducts, which can mimic the symptoms of intraductal papillomatosis. [2] notes that PDM is a challenging condition to differentiate from benign breast lesions like MDE.
• Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis (GLM): A rare inflammatory condition of the breast that can present with similar symptoms to intraductal papillomatosis. [2] mentions GLM as another possible differential diagnosis for patients presenting with these symptoms.

Other Considerations:

• Ductal Ectasia: A condition characterized by the dilation and stretching of milk ducts, which can be a cause of nipple discharge and may mimic the symptoms of intraductal papillomatosis. [6] notes that ductal ectasia is one of the possible causes of nipple discharge.
• Fibrocystic Changes: Benign breast changes that can present with lumps or thickening in the breast tissue, which may be confused with intraductal papillomatosis. [8] mentions fibrocystic changes as a common benign condition that can mimic the symptoms of intraductal papillomatosis.

References:

[1] Zhou J, Li M, Liu D, Sheng F, Cai J Acad Radiol ... (Search Result 1) [2] MW Hamwi · 2023 · Cited by 3 (Search Result 2) [5] DR Chen · 2002 (Search Result 5) [6] B Reig · 2023 · Cited by 3 (Search Result 6) [8] (Search Result 8)