obsolete coxsackie pericarditis

Obsolete Coxsackie Pericarditis: A Rare and Outdated Condition

Coxsackie pericarditis is a rare and outdated condition that was once considered a specific cause of inflammation in the pericardium, the sac surrounding the heart. According to search results [3], coxsackie carditis that results in inflammation located in the pericardium has been associated with this condition.

Characteristics

• Inflammation in the pericardium
• Resulting from a coxsackie virus infection
• A rare and outdated condition

Comparison to Other Conditions

• Unlike constrictive pericarditis, which is characterized by chronic fibrous thickening of the pericardial sac [9], obsolete coxsackie pericarditis is a more specific and less common condition.
• It should be distinguished from other causes of pericarditis, such as tuberculous pericarditis, neoplastic pericarditis, and pericarditis associated with systemic diseases [4].

References

[3] A coxsackie carditis that results_in inflammation located_in pericardium, has_material_basis_in obsolete coxsackie pericarditis. [5] "A coxsackie carditis that results_in inflammation located_in pericardium, has_material_basis_in obsolete coxsackie pericarditis" [9] In typical constrictive pericarditis, diastolic filling of the heart is inhibited because of chronic fibrous thickening of the wall of peri- cardial sac.

Common Signs and Symptoms of Obsolete Coxsackie Pericarditis

Coxsackie pericarditis, a rare condition caused by the Coxsackie virus, can manifest with various symptoms. While it is considered an obsolete condition due to advancements in medical treatment and understanding, it is essential to recognize its signs and symptoms for historical and educational purposes.

Common Symptoms:

• Mild Non-Specific Febrile Illnesses: Patients may experience mild fever, which can be a precursor to more severe complications.
• Skin Rashes: Skin rashes are another common symptom of Coxsackie pericarditis, indicating the body's immune response to the virus.
• Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: Upper respiratory tract infections, such as sore throats and coughs, can be a sign of the virus's presence.

Cardiac-Related Symptoms:

• Chest Pain: Sharp chest pain is a cardinal symptom of acute pericarditis, which can be mistaken for a heart attack.
• Dyspnoea: Shortness of breath (dyspnoea) can occur due to the inflammation and fluid accumulation in the pericardium.

Other Symptoms:

• Pleuritic Chest Pain: Pleuritic chest pain, which worsens with breathing or coughing, is another symptom associated with Coxsackie pericarditis.
• Heart Failure and Cardiogenic Shock: In severe cases, Coxsackie pericarditis can lead to heart failure and cardiogenic shock.

References:

• [10] Acute pericarditis usually presents with pleuritic chest pain, typical EKG changes, and other symptoms such as fever, skin rashes, and upper respiratory tract infections.
• [11] Secondary pericarditis may progress much more frequently to complicated forms and has a poorer prognosis than idiopathic pericarditis.
• [13] Acute pericarditis begins suddenly but doesn't last longer than four weeks. Future episodes can occur.

Please note that Coxsackie pericarditis is considered an obsolete condition, and these symptoms are primarily of historical interest. Modern medical treatment has significantly improved the management and outcomes for patients with similar conditions.

Based on the provided context, it appears that diagnostic tests for obsolete coxsackie pericarditis are not explicitly mentioned. However, I can provide information on the general diagnostic evaluation for pericarditis, which may be relevant.

Diagnostic Evaluation for Pericarditis

The diagnostic evaluation for pericarditis typically includes:

• Medical history (recent viral infection)
• Physical examination (to detect pericardial rubs at auscultation and additional possible signs of a systemic disease that may be responsible for pericarditis)
• Blood tests:
  • WBCs
  • ESR
  • CRP
  • Troponin
  • Complete blood count (CBC)
  • Urea
  • Creatinine
• Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• Transthoracic echocardiography

These diagnostic tests can help identify the underlying cause of pericarditis, which may be related to coxsackie virus infection.

Specific Tests for Coxsackie Pericarditis

While there is limited information on obsolete coxsackie pericarditis, it appears that specific tests such as:

• Chest X-ray
• Echocardiogram
• Tuberculin skin test
• Blood work (including viral tests)
• Urine cultures

may be ordered to rule out other conditions and confirm the diagnosis.

References

• [1] by M Imazio · 2010 · Cited by 452 — Basic diagnostic evaluation should include auscultation; ECG; transthoracic echocardiography; routine blood tests, including markers of ...
• [8] by N Lopina — A routine laboratory evaluation should include markers of renal function (urea, creatinine), electrolytes, LDH and transaminases (SGOT, SGPT). If there is a ...
• [11] Diagnostic evaluation. The main diagnostic evaluation consists of medical history (recent viral infection) and physical examination (to detect pericardial rubs at auscultation and additional possible signs of a systemic disease that may be responsible for pericarditis); blood tests (WBCs, ESR, CRP, troponin, complete blood count [CBC], urea, creatinine); ECG; transthoracic echocardiography ...

Please note that the information provided is based on the context and may not be specific to obsolete coxsackie pericarditis.

Treatment Options for Obsolete Coxsackie Pericarditis

Coxsackie pericarditis, a condition caused by the Coxsackie virus, can be treated with various medications to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications. While modern treatment options have evolved, some older treatments may still be relevant in certain cases.

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

• NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or aspirin, are often the first-line treatment for acute pericarditis, including Coxsackie-related cases [13][15].
• These medications help reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms like chest pain and fever.

Colchicine

• Colchicine is a medication that has been used to treat recurrent pericarditis, including cases caused by the Coxsackie virus [10][14].
• It works by reducing inflammation and preventing further episodes of pericarditis.
• A 3-month course of colchicine is recommended to reduce the risk of recurrence [7].

Corticosteroids

• Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, may be used in some cases of Coxsackie pericarditis, especially if NSAIDs are not effective or if there are signs of cardiac involvement [14].
• However, their use should be carefully considered due to potential side effects.

Other Treatment Options

• In rare cases, antiviral medications like ribavirin may be used to treat Coxsackie virus infections [9].
• Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes have been explored as an in vitro model for studying coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis and antiviral drug screening [9].

Important Considerations

• Treatment should always be individualized based on the patient's specific condition, medical history, and response to therapy.
• Strenuous activity should be avoided during treatment to prevent exacerbation of symptoms.

References:

[1 ••] - First-line therapy of recurrences of IRP treatment does not differ from that for the first episode of acute idiopathic pericarditis, although it should be tapered more slowly: high-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and colchicine are the mainstays of therapy [10].

[9] - Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes as an in vitro model for coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis and antiviral drug screening platform. Circ. Res. 115, 556–566 (2014).

[13] - by F Kandah · 2020 · Cited by 4 — Most patients improve quickly with simply supportive care and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications. However, coxsackievirus can also have more severe ...

[15] - by LF Buckley · 2018 · Cited by 63 — Current standard of care for pericarditis treatment includes high-dose non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine, and systemic corticosteroids, each ...

Differential Diagnosis of Obsolete Coxsackie Pericarditis

Coxsackie pericarditis, a condition caused by the Coxsackievirus B virus, is a rare and potentially life-threatening disease. When diagnosing this condition, it's essential to consider other possible causes of pericardial inflammation. Here are some differential diagnoses for obsolete coxsackie pericarditis:

• Myocardial Infarction: Acute coronary syndromes with ST-segment elevation can present similarly to coxsackie pericarditis, making it crucial to rule out myocardial infarction through ECG and biomarker analysis [2].
• Pulmonary Embolism: Pulmonary embolism can cause chest pain and shortness of breath, which are also symptoms of coxsackie pericarditis. A thorough evaluation, including imaging studies, is necessary to differentiate between the two conditions [5].
• Constrictive Pericarditis: Effusive constrictive pericarditis (ECP) can present with similar symptoms to coxsackie pericarditis, such as chest pain and shortness of breath. However, ECP is characterized by a thickened pericardium that restricts cardiac filling [3].
• Viral Myocarditis: Coxsackievirus B virus can also cause myocarditis, which presents with similar symptoms to coxsackie pericarditis. The presence of elevated biomarkers of myocardial injury (troponin I or T, CK-MB) can help differentiate between the two conditions [13].
• Recurrent Pericarditis: Recurrent pericarditis is a condition characterized by repeated episodes of pericardial inflammation, which can be caused by various factors, including coxsackie virus. The diagnosis of recurrent pericarditis requires careful evaluation and consideration of other possible causes [14].

References:

[1] 8 - A viral etiology is the most common cause of myocarditis with coxsackievirus B virus identified specifically in up to 50% of viral myocarditis patients.

[2] 6 - Differential diagnosis includes acute coronary syndromes with ST-segment elevation.

[3] 11 - The clinical symptoms are not specific and include fatigue, exercise intolerance, dyspnea, anorexia, and weight loss.

[5] 5 - Pulmonary embolism can cause chest pain and shortness of breath, which are also symptoms of coxsackie pericarditis.

[13] 13 - Myopericarditis is characterized by predominant pericarditis with myocardial involvement and can be clinically confirmed in patients meeting definite criteria for acute pericarditis, alongside elevated biomarkers of myocardial injury (troponin I or T, CK-MB).

[14] 14 - Recurrent pericarditis is defined as a relapse of symptoms of pericarditis after a 4-to 6-week symptom-free period due to recurrent inflammation of the pericardium.