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obsolete metastatic neoplasm to the placenta
Description
**Met
Additional Characteristics
- Metal
Signs and Symptoms
Metastatic Neoplasm to the Placenta: Signs and Symptoms
A metastatic neoplasm to the placenta, also known as choriocarcinoma or gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), can manifest in various ways. The following are some common signs and symptoms:
- Vaginal bleeding: This is one of the most common symptoms, occurring in nearly half of patients with histologically confirmed IPC [2].
- Abnormal uterine contractions: Women may experience frequent or severe cramping, which can be a sign of metastatic disease [7].
- Fetal bradycardia: A decrease in fetal heart rate can be an indication of placental involvement [9].
- Weight loss and fatigue: As the cancer progresses, women may experience weight loss, fatigue, and other systemic symptoms [5].
Other Possible Symptoms
In addition to these common signs and symptoms, metastatic neoplasm to the placenta can also present with:
- Abdominal pain: Pain in the abdomen or pelvis can be a symptom of advanced disease [3].
- Pulmonary symptoms: Shortness of breath, coughing, or chest pain can indicate metastasis to the lungs [3].
- Non-gynecological symptoms: In some cases, women may experience non-gynecological symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, or visual disturbances due to metastatic disease [5].
Important Note
It's essential to note that these symptoms can also be present in other conditions, and a definitive diagnosis of metastatic neoplasm to the placenta requires histopathological examination.
References:
[2] - Nearly half of patients with histologically confirmed IPC presented with signs and symptoms related to metastasis: vaginal bleeding, anemia, ...
[3] - Postpartum choriocarcinoma is usually diagnosed based on symptoms due to metastatic lesions, such as abnormal vaginal bleeding; abdominal, pulmonary, and ...
[5] - Although vaginal bleeding is usually the common clinical manifestation of choriocarcinoma, there are non-gynecological symptoms mostly caused by ...
[7] - Tumors that are not connected; tumors in more than one area with normal tissue between them; often a sign of metastatic disease. Disseminated ...
Additional Symptoms
- Pulmonary symptoms
- Weight loss and fatigue
- Vaginal bleeding
- Abnormal uterine contractions
- Non-gynecological symptoms
- bradycardia
- abdominal pain
Diagnostic Tests
Treatment
Treatment Options for Metastatic Neoplasm to the Placenta
Metastatic neoplasm to the placenta is a rare and serious condition where cancer cells spread from another part of the body to the placenta. While there are no specific treatment options available, various drugs have been used to manage this condition.
- Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is often used to treat metastatic neoplasm to the placenta. This involves using medications to kill cancer cells and slow down their growth.
- According to [1], chemotherapy treatment for low-risk GTN usually only requires a single drug, whereas high-risk tumours are treated with a combination of drugs.
- In some cases, chemotherapy may be used in combination with other treatments such as surgery or radiation therapy.
- Targeted Therapy: Targeted therapy is another approach that involves using medications to specifically target cancer cells. This can help reduce the risk of side effects and improve treatment outcomes.
- [2] mentions pembrolizumab, an important new approach for the management of drug-resistant gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.
- Immunotherapy: Immunotherapy is a type of treatment that uses the body's immune system to fight cancer. This can involve using medications or vaccines to stimulate the immune system and attack cancer cells.
- [3] states that chemotherapy is the main treatment for GTN, and the disease is extremely sensitive to chemotherapy and can be cured by chemotherapy.
Other Treatment Options
In addition to these treatments, other options may be considered on a case-by-case basis. These can include:
- Surgery: Surgery may be necessary in some cases to remove cancerous tissue or affected organs.
- Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy involves using high-energy rays to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors.
References
[1] by J Tidy · 2016 · Cited by 158 [2] by E Ghorani · 2017 · Cited by 204 [3] by S Chen · 2022 · Cited by 7
Recommended Medications
- Chemotherapy
- Immunotherapy
- Targeted Therapy
- Surgery
- Radiation Therapy
💊 Drug information is sourced from ChEBI (Chemical Entities of Biological Interest) database. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any medication. Click on any medication name for detailed information.
Differential Diagnosis
The differential diagnosis for an obsolete metastatic neoplasm to the placenta involves considering various conditions that can mimic or be confused with a metastatic tumor in this location.
According to the available literature, the differential diagnoses for epithelioid malignant pleural mesotheliomas (MPMs) include peritoneal carcinomatosis from primary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum/ovary/Fallopian tubes, gastrointestinal tract, and less frequently pulmonary, mammary, or uterine origin [13].
Additionally, when dealing with limited narrow biopsies showing a malignant neoplasm with an epithelioid morphology, it is essential to consider other conditions such as metastatic adenocarcinoma and metastatic germ cell tumors [11].
In the context of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), the differential diagnosis for metastatic tumors to the placenta includes non-villous GTD conditions like placental over-reaction and placental site nodule, both of which are benign [5]. However, villous GTDs include malignant forms such as choriocarcinoma and placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) [6].
Other conditions that can be considered in the differential diagnosis for metastatic tumors to the placenta include exaggerated placental site (EPS), which is a benign condition characterized by an abnormal growth of cells at the placental site [10].
It's also worth noting that, in rare cases, a gestational origin may be clinically unlikely, and the differential diagnosis includes non-gestational primary choriocarcinoma and other malignant forms of GTD [7].
References: [5] by KM Contreras-Villamizar · 2018 · Cited by 1 [6] by MJ Seckl · 2013 · Cited by 485 [7] by E Schrader · 2020 · Cited by 7 [10] [11] The original literature search identified a single paper about PLAP for the differential diagnosis of metastatic adenocarcinoma and metastatic germ cell tumours (DeYoung and Wick, 2000). Two additional studies were identified from the reference list of this paper, and a broader MEDLINE search, combining the MESH term “Neoplasm Metastasis ... [13] The differential diagnoses to be considered for epithelioid MPMs are essentially peritoneal carcinomatosis from a primary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum/ovary/Fallopian tubes, gastrointestinal tract and less frequently of pulmonary, mammary or uterine origin. ... when dealing with limited narrow biopsies showing a malignant neoplasm with an ...
Additional Information
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