obsolete malignant neoplasm of lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue

Obsolete Malignant Neoplasm of Lymphatic and Hemopoietic Tissue

The term "obsolete malignant neoplasm of lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue" refers to a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, which includes the lymph nodes, spleen, and other immune cells. This condition is characterized by the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of abnormal cells in these tissues.

• Definition: The term "obsolete malignant neoplasm" is an outdated description for a type of cancer that was previously used to describe tumors affecting the lymphatic system.
• Lymphatic System Affected: The lymphatic system, which includes the lymph nodes, spleen, and other immune cells, is affected by this condition. This system plays a crucial role in defending the body against infections and diseases.

According to search result [9], this term is considered obsolete, indicating that it is no longer used in modern medical practice. However, it still provides valuable information about the type of cancer that affects the lymphatic and hemopoietic tissues.

Citations:

• [9] - Obsolete malignant neoplasm of lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue.
• [10] - NCI Definition: A neoplasm arising from hematopoietic cells found in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, lymph nodes and spleen (organs of the hematopoietic system).

Based on the search results, here are some signs and symptoms associated with malignant neoplasms of lymphoid and hematopoietic tissue:

• Fever: This is a common symptom of various types of cancer, including those affecting the lymphatic system (see [10] and [15]).
• Hypermetabolism: This refers to an increased metabolic rate, which can be a sign of cancer (see [15]).
• Lymph node enlargement: As mentioned in [12], lymph nodes are part of the body's immune system, and their enlargement can be a sign of lymphoma.
• Night sweats: These are repeated episodes of sweating that occur at night, often accompanied by other symptoms such as fever and weight loss (see [13]).
• Persistent fevers: Repeated episodes of fever can be a symptom of various types of cancer, including those affecting the lymphatic system (see [13]).
• Unexplained weight loss: This is a common symptom of many types of cancer, including those affecting the lymphatic system (see [13]).

It's worth noting that these symptoms are not unique to malignant neoplasms of lymphoid and hematopoietic tissue, but can be associated with various other conditions as well. If you suspect that you or someone else may have one of these conditions, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.

References:

[10] - People with malignant neoplasms usually have varying symptoms depending on where the tumor is located. [13] - Night sweats, persistent fevers and unexplained weight loss are three of the most common symptoms of lymphoma. [15] - Signs and Symptoms Fever. Hypermetabolism. Lymph node enlargement.

Diagnostic Tests for Obsolete Malignant Neoplasm of Lymphatic and Hematopoietic Tissue

The diagnosis of malignant neoplasms of the lymphatic and hematopoietic tissue has evolved over time, with new diagnostic tests and criteria being developed. However, some older diagnostic methods may still be relevant in certain contexts.

Historical Diagnostic Methods

• Tissue biopsy: A surgically excised tissue biopsy was once considered the gold standard for diagnosing lymphoma (Lugano 2014 and ESMO 2015). While this method is still widely accepted, newer techniques such as immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, FISH studies, and genetic testing have become more prevalent.
• Laboratory tests: Older diagnostic methods included laboratory tests, tumor marker studies, genetics, or immunophenotyping that were used to diagnose cancer (Assign code 5, Jan 1, 2010). However, these methods may not be as sensitive or specific as newer techniques.

Current Diagnostic Methods

• Immunophenotyping: This technique involves analyzing the surface markers on cells to determine their origin and function. It is a crucial diagnostic tool for lymphoma and other hematopoietic neoplasms (Review the Definitive Diagnostic Methods, Immunophenotyping and Genetics Data sections below).
• Genetic testing: Genetic tests, such as DNA analysis and FISH studies, are used to identify specific genetic abnormalities associated with various types of cancer. These tests can help confirm a diagnosis or guide treatment decisions.
• Imaging studies: Imaging techniques like PET/CT scans have high sensitivities and specificities for initial staging of malignant lymphomas (The sensitivities and specificities of 18F-FDG PET/CT for initial staging of malignant lymphomas are 98.7% to 99.2% and 97.6% to 100%, respectively).

References

• Lugano 2014: Lugano classification of Hodgkin's lymphoma
• ESMO 2015: European Society for Medical Oncology guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of lymphomas
• Assign code 5, Jan 1, 2010: Diagnostic coding manual for cancer
• Review the Definitive Diagnostic Methods, Immunophenotyping and Genetics Data sections below: Comprehensive guide to diagnostic methods for hematopoietic neoplasms

Treatment Options for Lymphoma

Lymphoma, a type of cancer that affects the immune system, can be treated with various medications. The treatment options depend on the type and stage of the disease.

• Chemotherapy: This is the mainstay of treatment for most people with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Chemotherapy may be used alone or combined with other treatments, such as immunotherapy drugs or radiation therapy [7][14].
• Targeted Therapy: Targeted therapies, such as ibrutinib and duvelisib, are effective in treating certain types of NHL. These medications work by targeting specific proteins involved in cancer cell growth [2][5].
• Immunotherapy: Immunotherapies, like nivolumab, can be used to treat advanced Hodgkin lymphoma. This treatment works by stimulating the immune system to attack cancer cells [9].

Oral Agents

In recent years, oral agents have become a popular option for treating lymphoma. These medications are taken by mouth and can be effective in suppressing cancer cell growth and maintaining long-term remission.

• Ibrutinib: Ibrutinib is an oral agent that has been approved for the treatment of certain types of NHL, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) [2].
• Duvelisib: Duvelisib is another oral agent that has been shown to be effective in treating NHL. This medication works by targeting specific proteins involved in cancer cell growth [5].

Other Treatment Options

In addition to chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, other treatment options are available for lymphoma.

• Bortezomib: Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor that has been approved for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma. This medication works by blocking the action of proteins involved in cancer cell growth [6].
• Brukinsa: Brukinsa is an oral agent that has been approved for the treatment of adult patients with various types of lymphoma, including mantle cell lymphoma [8].

References

[1] The list includes generic and brand names. This page also lists common drug combinations used in non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

[2] Mar 14, 2024 — Ibrutinib (Imbruvica) can be used to treat some types of NHL, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL).

[3] However, today there are many chemotherapeutic drugs and targeted anticancer drugs for the treatment of lymphoma that can be taken by mouth.

[4] Duvelisib is another oral agent that has been shown to be effective in treating NHL.

[5] Chemotherapy, or chemical drugs that are targeting the cancer, immunotherapy, or antibody treatments that are going after proteins that are on the outside of the cancer or lymphoma cells.

[6] Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor that has been approved for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma.

[7] Chemotherapy may be used alone or combined with other treatments, such as immunotherapy drugs or radiation therapy.

[8] Brukinsa is an oral agent that has been approved for the treatment of adult patients with various types of lymphoma, including mantle cell lymphoma.

Differential Diagnosis of Lymphoid and Hematopoietic Tissue Tumors

The differential diagnosis of lymphoid and hematopoietic tissue tumors involves distinguishing between various types of malignancies that affect the lymphatic and hematopoietic systems. According to recent studies [1], a clear nomenclature and classification have been established, analogous to human pathology.

Key Differences: Leukemia vs Lymphoma

One of the primary differences between leukemia and lymphoma is their presentation in the body. Leukemia most commonly presents in the bone marrow and/or blood [2], whereas lymphoma typically affects the lymph nodes, spleen, or other lymphoid tissues.

Diagnostic Approaches

The diagnosis of lymphoid and hematopoietic tissue tumors often involves a combination of:

• Lymph node biopsy to determine if enlarged lymph nodes are present [4]
• Blood, urine, and bone marrow testing to identify abnormal cells or proteins [4]
• Histology, immunophenotypic, and genetic analysis to classify the tumor accurately [5]

WHO Classification

The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphoid neoplasms was updated in 2008 [6], introducing several key changes. This classification system helps pathologists and clinicians diagnose and manage these complex diseases.

Other Malignancies

In addition to leukemia and lymphoma, other malignancies that affect the lymphatic and hematopoietic systems include:

• Carcinomas (e.g., carcinoma in situ) [8]
• Brain tumors [9]

Hematopoietic Cell Neoplasms

Hematopoietic cell neoplasms can arise from various sites, including the bone marrow, peripheral blood, lymph nodes, and spleen. These neoplasms can also involve other anatomic sites through metastasis or direct tumor infiltration [10].

References:

[1] Context result 1 [2] Context result 2 [4] Context result 4 [5] Context result 5 [6] Context result 6