4 free views remaining today

obsolete respiratory tract papilloma

Description

Obsolete Respiratory Tract Papilloma: A Rare Condition

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) was once considered a rare and benign condition characterized by the growth of histologically benign papillomas in the respiratory tract. However, with advancements in medical research and understanding of human papillomavirus (HPV), it is now recognized as a disease caused by infection with low-risk HPV types 6 and 11.

Causes and Symptoms

RRP was previously thought to be an outcome of viral infections, but it is now understood that the disease is an outcome of the HPV infection. The symptoms of RRP include speaking and breathing problems, which can affect the airway (larynx and lungs). Patients with RRP may experience difficulty in speaking or breathing due to the growth of papillomas in the respiratory tract.

Prevalence and Treatment

RRP was estimated to occur in 1 in 100,000 people to 4 in 100,000 people. While there is no definitive treatment for RRP, the disease can be managed with various treatments such as surgery, laser therapy, or antiviral medications. However, these treatments may not completely eliminate the papillomas and may require repeated interventions.

HPV Vaccination

The introduction of HPV vaccination has been effective in preventing RRP. The vaccine is recommended for teens starting at age 11 and up to age 26. This highlights the importance of early prevention and intervention in managing RRP.

References:

  • [1] S Katsenos (2011) - RRP is a rare condition characterized by benign papillomatous growths within the respiratory tract.
  • [3] SI Pai (2022) - RRP is a disease caused by infection with low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11.
  • [10] Abdullah Alanazi et al. (2024) - RRP is a challenging chronic disease of the respiratory tract that occurs in both children and adults, caused by HPV.
  • [13] Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a disease in which benign tumors called papillomas grow in the air passages leading from the nose and mouth into the lungs.

Additional Characteristics

  • Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP)
  • benign papillomatous growths within the respiratory tract
  • disease caused by infection with low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11
  • challenging chronic disease of the respiratory tract
  • benign tumors called papillomas grow in the air passages leading from the nose and mouth into the lungs

Signs and Symptoms

Based on the provided context, it appears that there are no specific references to "obsolete" respiratory tract papilloma. However, I can provide information on the signs and symptoms of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), which is a condition where benign tumors called papillomas grow in the air passages leading from the nose and mouth into the lungs.

Common Signs and Symptoms:

  • Hoarseness or voice changes [1]
  • Chronic cough [5]
  • Swallowing problems [14]
  • Breathing problems, which may sometimes be life-threatening [9][14]

These symptoms can occur in both children and adults. It's essential to note that RRP is a rare condition, with estimates suggesting it occurs between 1 in 100,000 people to 4 in 100,000 people.

Other Possible Symptoms:

  • Stridor or hoarseness in children [9]
  • Dysphonia (voice changes) in adults [9]

It's worth noting that the provided context does not mention "obsolete" respiratory tract papilloma. If you could provide more information on what you mean by this term, I'd be happy to try and assist further.

References:

[1] - S Katsenos (2011) [5] - CA Rosen (2004) [9] - Various sources [14] - Various sources

Additional Symptoms

Diagnostic Tests

Diagnostic Tests for Respiratory Tract Papillomas

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) can be diagnosed through various tests, which help confirm the presence of benign tumors in the respiratory tract.

  • Blood Tests and Viral Studies: Blood tests and viral studies are often conducted to identify the human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11, which are responsible for most cases of RRP [1].
  • Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: A CT scan of the neck and/or chest may be performed to visualize the structures inside the nose, throat, and lungs, helping doctors identify any abnormalities or obstructions caused by papillomas [1].
  • Histopathological Examination: Histopathological examination is a crucial diagnostic test that involves examining tissue samples under a microscope to confirm the presence of hyperplastic proliferation of squamous epithelial cells, which is characteristic of RRP [5].

Additional Diagnostic Methods

Other tests and methods may also be used to diagnose RRP, including:

  • HPV DNA Testing: HPV DNA testing using Hybrid Capture II (HC II) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) enzyme immunoassay can help detect the presence of HPV types 6 and 11 in respiratory tract samples [7].
  • Imaging Studies: Imaging studies such as CT scans, MRI, or X-rays may be used to visualize the extent of papilloma growth and any potential complications.

References

[1] They will have blood tests and viral studies. They may have a computed tomography (CT) scan of the neck and/or chest. The structures inside their nose, throat, ...

[5] by DM Janowska · 2024 — Histopathological examination should be performed to confirm the diagnosis by confirming the presence of hyperplastic proliferation of squamous epithelial cells.

[7] Aug 22, 2024 — The two primary methods for HPV DNA testing are the Hybrid Capture II (HC II) and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) enzyme immunoassay.

Treatment

Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP) is a rare disease characterized by the growth of benign squamous cell papillomas in the larynx and other parts of the aerodigestive tract. While surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment, various drug treatments have been explored to manage this condition.

Antiviral medications

  • Antivirals such as interferon and cidofovir have been used to treat RRP by blocking the human papillomavirus (HPV) from making copies of itself.
    • Cidofovir has been shown to be effective in a significant proportion of patients, replacing intralesional interferon as a treatment option [6][9].
  • Indole-3-carbinol, another antiviral medication, has also been used to treat RRP.

Other medications

  • Bevacizumab, an intravenous medication, has been explored as a potential first-line treatment for RRP.
    • Some centers have started using bevacizumab as the primary treatment option [4].
  • PD1 inhibitors and HPV vaccines are also being researched as potential treatments for RRP.

Effectiveness of drug treatments

While these medications show promise, it's essential to note that their effectiveness can vary depending on individual cases. More research is needed to fully understand the benefits and limitations of each treatment option.

References:

  • [1] - Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a rare disease which is characterized by recurrent proliferation of benign squamous cell papillomas in the larynx as well as in the other parts of the aerodigestive tract.
  • [6] - Cidofovir is effective in a significant proportion of patients and has replaced intralesional interferon. The carbon dioxide laser previously used to treat RRP has been largely abandoned due to its ineffectiveness compared to cidofovir.
  • [9] - This article aims to educate readers on adjuvant therapies for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). Although antivirals are injected locally into papillomas as an adjuvant treatment, new biologics targeting vascular endothelial growth factor or induction of human papillomavirus (HPV)-specific immunity are gaining traction with demonstration of clinical benefit and mechanism of action in RRP.

Differential Diagnosis

Differential Diagnosis of Respiratory Tract Papilloma

Respiratory tract papilloma, also known as recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), can be challenging to diagnose due to its similarity with other conditions. The following are some differential diagnoses that should be considered:

  • Laryngeal carcinoma: A type of cancer that affects the larynx and can present with similar symptoms to RRP, such as hoarseness and breathing difficulties.
  • Squamous cell carcinoma: A type of skin cancer that can occur in the respiratory tract and may resemble papillomas.
  • Adenocarcinoma: A type of lung cancer that can cause growths or tumors in the airways, which may be mistaken for papillomas.
  • Lymphangioma: A rare condition characterized by abnormal growths in the lymphatic vessels, which can occur in the respiratory tract and resemble papillomas.
  • Cystic fibrosis: A genetic disorder that affects the lungs and can cause thick mucus buildup, leading to symptoms similar to RRP.

Key differences

To differentiate these conditions from RRP, consider the following:

  • Age of onset: RRP typically affects children and young adults, while laryngeal carcinoma and other cancers are more common in older adults.
  • Symptoms: RRP is characterized by recurrent respiratory infections, hoarseness, and breathing difficulties. Laryngeal carcinoma may present with a persistent cough, difficulty swallowing, or voice changes.
  • Growth characteristics: Papillomas associated with RRP are typically benign, multiple, and pedunculated (attached to the surrounding tissue). In contrast, laryngeal carcinomas tend to be solitary, firm, and fixed to the underlying tissue.

Diagnostic approaches

To accurately diagnose respiratory tract papilloma, consider the following diagnostic approaches:

  • Endoscopy: A procedure that allows visualization of the airways using a flexible tube with a camera.
  • Biopsy: A surgical procedure that involves removing a small sample of tissue for histopathological examination.
  • Imaging studies: Such as CT or MRI scans to evaluate the extent and location of any growths.

References

[1] - [15] in the provided context refer to various studies and reviews on RRP, which can be consulted for further information on differential diagnosis.

Additional Information

rdf-schema#domain
https://w3id.org/def/predibionto#has_symptom_10175
oboInOwl#hasOBONamespace
disease_ontology
oboInOwl#id
DOID:3171
core#notation
DOID:3171
rdf-schema#label
obsolete respiratory tract papilloma
oboInOwl#hasExactSynonym
papilloma of the respiratory tract
owl#deprecated
true
22-rdf-syntax-ns#type
http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class

Medical Disclaimer: The information provided on this website is for general informational and educational purposes only.

It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with questions about your medical condition.