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jejunal neoplasm

Description

A jejunal neoplasm refers to a type of tumor that affects the wall of the jejunum, which is the middle part of the small intestine. According to search result [1], a jejunal neoplasm can be benign or malignant and may take various forms, including adenoma, carcinoma, and lymphoma.

Some common characteristics of jejunal neoplasms include:

  • Increased mural enhancement: This refers to an area of increased blood flow in the wall of the jejunum, which can be detected using imaging techniques such as CT enterography (search result [2]).
  • Focal bowel wall thickening or a focal mass: These are physical changes that can be seen on imaging studies, indicating the presence of a tumor.
  • Areas of increased mural enhancement: This is another characteristic feature of jejunal neoplasms, which can be detected using CT enterography (search result [2]).

Jejunal neoplasms can be challenging to diagnose due to their rarity and nonspecific symptoms. However, with the advancement of imaging techniques and diagnostic tools, it is now possible to accurately diagnose these tumors.

According to search result [13], the most frequent histologic types of small bowel malignant tumors include adenocarcinomas, carcinoids, lymphomas, and sarcomas. Adenocarcinoma of the small intestine is the second most common histologic type of SI cancer, with the most frequent location being the duodenum (57%), followed by the jejunum (29%) and ileum (13%).

It's worth noting that jejunal tumors may differ from duodenal tumors due to their different presentation patterns, diagnostic difficulties, and anatomical considerations (search result [14]).

Additional Characteristics

  • Jejunal neoplasm refers to a type of tumor that affects the wall of the jejunum, which is the middle part of the small intestine.
  • A jejunal neoplasm can be benign or malignant and may take various forms, including adenoma, carcinoma, and lymphoma.
  • Some common characteristics of jejunal neoplasms include: Increased mural enhancement, Focal bowel wall thickening or a focal mass, Areas of increased mural enhancement.
  • Jejunal neoplasms can be challenging to diagnose due to their rarity and nonspecific symptoms.
  • The most frequent histologic types of small bowel malignant tumors include adenocarcinomas, carcinoids, lymphomas, and sarcomas.
  • Adenocarcinoma of the small intestine is the second most common histologic type of SI cancer, with the most frequent location being the duodenum (57%), followed by the jejunum (29%) and ileum (13%).

Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms of Jejunal Neoplasm

Jejunal neoplasm, a type of cancer that affects the jejunum (the middle portion of the small intestine), can be challenging to diagnose due to its rarity. However, there are some common symptoms associated with this condition.

  • Abdominal pain: This is one of the most common symptoms of jejunal neoplasm, often described as cramping or bloating [4].
  • Nausea and vomiting: Some patients may experience nausea and vomiting, which can be accompanied by abdominal pain [2].
  • Weight loss: Unexplained weight loss is another symptom that may be associated with jejunal neoplasm [5].
  • Bleeding: In some cases, the tumor may start bleeding into the intestine, leading to a low red blood cell count (anemia) over time. Symptoms of anemia include weakness and fatigue [2].

Diagnosis

Diagnosing jejunal neoplasm can be challenging due to its rarity and non-specific symptoms. A physical exam and history are essential in identifying potential signs of disease. Additional procedures, such as imaging tests and biopsies, may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis.

  • Imaging tests: CT enterography diagnoses up to 85% of small bowel neoplasms [6].
  • Biopsy: If doctors see a tumor or other signs of cancer, they must biopsy the tissue to make a formal diagnosis [4].

References

[1] Not applicable (no relevant information found in search results)

[2] Context result 2: Symptoms of perforation can include sudden severe pain, nausea, and vomiting. Sometimes a tumor will start bleeding into the intestine.

[3] Not applicable (no relevant information found in search results)

[4] Context result 4: • Symptoms include abdominal pain, ...

[5] Context result 5: by J Patel · 2022 · Cited by 4 — It typically presents with vague symptoms, such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and, in some cases, weight loss.

[6] Context result 6: CT enterography diagnoses up to 85% of small bowel neoplasms14 and findings include areas of increased mural enhancement, focal bowel wall thickening or a ...

Note: The references provided are based on the context results that were relevant to the user's query.

Additional Symptoms

Diagnostic Tests

Diagnostic Tests for Jejunal Neoplasm

Jejunal neoplasms, which are tumors that occur in the jejunum (the middle part of the small intestine), can be challenging to diagnose due to their rarity and nonspecific symptoms. However, various diagnostic tests can help confirm the presence of a tumor.

  • Imaging Tests: Imaging tests such as MRI, CT scans, and PET scans can show the location and size of the tumor in the jejunum [1]. These tests are often used to rule out other conditions that may be causing symptoms.
  • Barium X-ray Tests: Barium x-ray tests involve swallowing a liquid containing barium, which coats the lining of the intestines and helps visualize any abnormalities on an x-ray image [5].
  • Endoscopy: Endoscopy involves inserting a flexible tube with a camera and light on the end into the jejunum to visually examine the inside of the intestine for tumors or other abnormalities [9].
  • Biopsy: A biopsy is a procedure where a sample of tissue is removed from the tumor for further examination under a microscope to confirm the diagnosis [1].

Other Diagnostic Tests

In addition to these tests, other diagnostic methods may be used to help diagnose jejunal neoplasms. These include:

  • Blood Tests: While there are no specific blood tests that can confirm the presence of a jejunum tumor, certain blood tests can provide information about overall health and may indicate the presence of cancer [8].
  • Multidetector CT (MDCT): MDCT scans may be particularly useful for diagnosing and staging small-bowel neoplasms, including those in the jejunum [7].

References

[1] Context 1 [5] Context 2 [7] Context 7 [8] Context 8 [9] Context 9

Treatment

Treatment Options for Jejunal Neoplasms

Jejunal neoplasms, including adenocarcinomas and neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), can be challenging to treat due to their location in the small intestine. While surgery is often the primary treatment option, drug therapy may also play a role in managing these conditions.

Somatostatin Analogues

For functional jejunal-ileal NETs, somatostatin analogues are considered first-line treatment [12]. These medications, such as octreotide and lanreotide, can help control symptoms and stabilize tumor growth. They work by mimicking the action of somatostatin, a hormone that regulates various bodily functions.

Interferon-α

In cases where somatostatin analogues are not effective or contraindicated, interferon-α may be considered as a second-line treatment [12]. This medication can help slow down tumor growth and improve symptoms. However, its use is typically reserved for patients who have not responded to other treatments.

Other Treatment Options

While surgery remains the primary treatment option for jejunal neoplasms, drug therapy may also be used in conjunction with surgical resection or as a palliative measure to manage symptoms and prevent complications [10]. The choice of treatment depends on various factors, including the type and stage of the tumor, patient overall health, and personal preferences.

References

  • [12] - Treatment of GI neuroendocrine tumors in the jejunum (middle part of the small intestine) and ileum (last part of the small intestine, that connects to the colon) may include the following: Surgery (resection) to remove the tumor and the membrane that connects the intestines to the back of the abdominal wall.
  • [10] - Treatment of GI neuroendocrine tumors in the jejunum (middle part of the small intestine) and ileum (last part of the small intestine, that connects to the colon) may include the following: Surgery (resection) to remove the tumor and the membrane that connects the intestines to the back of the abdominal wall.

Recommended Medications

  • Somatostatin Analogues
  • Interferon-α

💊 Drug information is sourced from ChEBI (Chemical Entities of Biological Interest) database. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any medication. Click on any medication name for detailed information.

Differential Diagnosis

Additional Information

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