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obsolete conventional central osteosarcoma
Description
Signs and Symptoms
Common Signs and Symptoms of Conventional Central Osteosarcoma
Conventional central osteosarcoma, a type of bone cancer, can exhibit several signs and symptoms. These may include:
- Bone or joint pain: Pain is often the first symptom of osteosarcoma, and it can be mistaken for growing pains in children [2]. The pain might not be constant at first but worsen at night [1].
- Swelling near the tumor site: Swelling around the affected bone or joint can occur as a result of the tumor's growth [3].
- Limited movement: As the tumor grows, it can cause stiffness and limited mobility in the affected limb [4].
- A lump or mass: A palpable lump or mass may be felt near the site of the tumor [5].
- Unexplained broken bone: In some cases, osteosarcoma can cause a bone to break without any apparent reason [2].
It's essential to note that these symptoms can vary in severity and duration. Some people might experience mild pain for several weeks before seeking medical attention [6]. If you or someone you know is experiencing any of these symptoms, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and diagnosis.
References:
[1] Context result 1 [2] Context results 2, 5 [3] Context result 3 [4] Context result 4 [5] Context result 6
Diagnostic Tests
Diagnostic Tests for Obsolete Conventional Central Osteosarcoma
Obtaining a definitive diagnosis for conventional central osteosarcoma (OS) can be challenging, as there is no laboratory test that is diagnostic for OS. However, various tests and procedures can help in the diagnosis of this condition.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC): A CBC can help identify any abnormalities in blood cells, which may indicate the presence of cancer. [1][2]
- Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP): This test measures various electrolytes, minerals, and other substances in the blood to assess kidney function and overall metabolic health. [1][2]
- Renal and Liver Function Tests: These tests can help identify any abnormalities in kidney or liver function, which may be related to OS. [1][2]
In addition to these laboratory tests, imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans can also be used to diagnose conventional central osteosarcoma.
- Imaging Studies: Imaging studies can help identify the location and extent of the tumor, as well as any potential metastases. [4][5]
Biopsy
A biopsy is a procedure in which a sample of tissue is removed from the body for examination under a microscope. In the case of conventional central osteosarcoma, a biopsy can be used to obtain a definitive diagnosis.
- Core Needle Biopsy: A core needle biopsy involves using a small needle to remove a sample of tissue from the tumor. [4][5]
- Open Surgical Biopsy: An open surgical biopsy involves making an incision in the skin to access the tumor and remove a sample of tissue for examination. [6]
It is essential to note that a generous open biopsy has been proved invaluable, as it may also provide a part of the edge of the tumor at the margin with the adjacent normal bone, which can be useful for diagnosis. [7]
References
[1] A Misaghi · 2018 · Cited by 543 [2] A Misaghi · 2018 · Cited by 543 [4] Jun 17, 2024 [5] Jun 17, 2024 [6] by NK Sferopoulos · 2022 [7] Jun 8, 2022
Additional Diagnostic Tests
- Imaging Studies
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)
- Core Needle Biopsy
- Renal and Liver Function Tests
- Open Surgical Biopsy
Treatment
Current Drug Treatment for Conventional Central Osteosarcoma
Conventional central osteosarcoma, the most common pathological subtype, is typically treated with a combination of chemotherapy and surgery.
- Chemotherapy: The standard treatment protocol involves neoadjuvant (before surgery) and adjuvant (after surgery) chemotherapy. The four chemotherapy agents commonly used are:
- High-dose methotrexate
- Doxorubicin
- Cisplatin
- Ifosfamide [12][13][14]
- Surgery: Surgical removal of the primary tumor and, when possible, metastases and local recurrence is a crucial part of treatment.
- Adjuvant Chemotherapy: After surgery, additional chemotherapy may be administered to reduce the risk of recurrence.
Evolution of Treatment
Prior to the 1970s, limb amputation was the primary treatment for osteosarcoma, resulting in a 5-year survival rate of only 10-20% [9]. However, with the introduction of modern multi-agent chemotherapy and surgery, the 5-year survival rates have significantly improved to about 60-70% [4][8][36][38].
References
[1] Fanelli M, Tavanti E, et al. Advances in emerging drugs for osteosarcoma. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2015;20(3):495–514.
[2] Juergens H. Osteosarcoma treatment-where do we stand? A state of the art review. Cancer Treat Rev. 2014;40:523–532.
[3] Misaghi A, et al. Conventional treatment for OS consists of a combination of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy, and surgery [4, 51].
[4] Gazouli I, et al. Its therapeutic approach includes cytotoxic chemotherapy and surgery. However, when recurrence or metastasis occurs the therapeutic options are limited.
Note: The references provided are based on the search results within the context.
Differential Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis of Obsolete Conventional Central Osteosarcoma
Obsolete conventional central osteosarcoma, also known as low-grade central osteosarcoma (LGCOS), is a rare subtype of conventional osteosarcoma. The differential diagnosis for LGCOS includes:
- Benign fibro-osseous lesions: These lesions can mimic the appearance of LGCOS on radiographs and may require additional sampling to confirm their benign nature [9].
- Aneurysmal bone cysts: These cystic lesions can be difficult to distinguish from oste
Additional Differential Diagnoses
- Benign fibro-osseous lesions
- Aneurysmal bone cysts
Additional Information
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- disease_ontology
- oboInOwl#id
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- rdf-schema#label
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- http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class
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It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with questions about your medical condition.