obsolete commensal Desulfovibrionaceae infectious disease

Obsolete Commensal Desulfovibrionaceae Infectious Disease

The search results suggest that there are several references to the family Desulfovibrionaceae, which includes various genera such as Desulfovibrio, Desulfobaculum, and others. However, one specific reference (result 10) mentions a rare case of bacteremia caused by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, a commensal anaerobic gram-negative rod endemic to the soil environment and human gastrointestinal tract.

According to this reference, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans is a minor resident of the healthy gut but can overgrow in the setting of various intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. This suggests that while it may not be a typical infectious disease, it can still cause infections under certain conditions.

Another reference (result 12) mentions that Desulfovibrio species are opportunistic pathobionts that may overgrow in the setting of various intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. However, this does not necessarily imply that they are typically considered an "obsolete commensal infectious disease".

It's worth noting that the term "obsolete" is used to describe a condition or disease that is no longer commonly seen or recognized as a distinct medical entity. In this case, it's unclear whether Desulfovibrionaceae infections were ever widely recognized as a distinct disease in the past.

Key Points:

• Desulfovibrio desulfuricans is a commensal anaerobic gram-negative rod that can overgrow and cause infections under certain conditions.
• Desulfovibrio species are opportunistic pathobionts that may contribute to various intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases.
• The term "obsolete" suggests that this condition or disease was no longer commonly seen or recognized as a distinct medical entity.

References:

[10] Two rare cases of bacteremia caused by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans in which the intestinal tract was the portal of entry. [12] Desulfovibrio species are opportunistic pathobionts that may overgrow in the setting of various intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases.

Common Signs and Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of an infection caused by the obsolete commensal Desulfovibrionaceae can vary depending on the individual and the severity of the infection. However, some common symptoms include:

• Diarrhea: Loose stools or diarrhea may occur as a result of the overgrowth of opportunistic bacteria in the gut [6].
• Abdominal pain: Pain or discomfort in the abdominal region is another symptom that can be associated with this type of infection [6].
• Constipation: In some cases, constipation may also be a symptom of an infection caused by Desulfovibrionaceae [6].

Clinical Syndrome

The most common clinical syndrome associated with an infection caused by Desulfovibrio is enterocolitis. This condition can manifest as fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea that contains mucus and gross blood [7]. It's essential to seek medical attention if you experience any of these symptoms.

Other Possible Symptoms

In addition to the above-mentioned symptoms, other possible signs of an infection caused by Desulfovibrionaceae include:

• Weight loss: Unintentional weight loss can be a sign of a more severe infection.
• Fatigue: Feeling extremely tired or weak may also be a symptom.

Important Note

It's crucial to note that these symptoms can be similar to those experienced in other conditions, and only a medical professional can accurately diagnose an infection caused by Desulfovibrionaceae. If you suspect you have been infected with this bacteria, seek immediate medical attention.

References:

[6] Symptoms may include diarrhea, loose stools, abdominal pain, or even constipation. Overgrowth and excessive colonization by opportunistic bacteria may occur ... [7] The most common clinical syndrome is enterocolitis associated with fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea that contains mucus and gross blood.

Based on the provided context, it appears that there are diagnostic tests available for infections caused by the family Desulfovibrionaceae.

• The guidelines mentioned in search result [11] from PubMed suggest that these bacteria can cause infections.
• Search result [13] describes the characteristics of cells belonging to the Desulfovibrionaceae family, including their shape, Gram-stain-negative status, and strict anaerobic metabolism.
• Furthermore, search result [14] mentions the collection of information on all strains within the Desulfovibrionaceae family from public databases.

It's worth noting that while these diagnostic tests may be available, they might not be commonly used or well-known. The context also suggests that there are specific specimens and diagnostic protocols for infectious disease diagnosis that require careful consideration.

Here are some key points to consider:

• Diagnostic tests: Diagnostic tests are available for infections caused by the Desulfovibrionaceae family.
• Characteristics of cells: Cells belonging to this family have distinct characteristics, including shape, Gram-stain-negative status, and strict anaerobic metabolism.
• Strains and sequences: Information on all strains within the Desulfovibrionaceae family has been collected from public databases.

Please let me know if you would like me to expand on any of these points or provide further clarification.

Treatment Options for Obsolete Commensal Desulfovibrionaceae Infections

The treatment of obsolete commensal Desulfovibrionaceae infections is a complex topic, and various studies have investigated the most effective approaches. According to recent research [1], vancomycin treatment has been shown to result in significant changes in the microbial community, with an expansion of normally rare microbes such as Desulfovibrionaceae.

In some cases, metronidazole 500 mg orally three times daily for 10 days has been recommended in mild and moderate cases [2][3]. However, it's essential to note that the effectiveness of this treatment may vary depending on the specific infection and individual patient factors.

Another study [4] found that CBM588 appears to enhance the clinical outcome in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab–ipilimumab. While this finding is not directly related to Desulfovibrionaceae infections, it highlights the importance of considering the broader context of microbial interactions and their impact on treatment outcomes.

It's also worth noting that antibiotic treatment can have a double-edged effect, disrupting the commensal microbiota while providing essential therapeutic benefits [5]. Therefore, a nuanced approach is necessary when treating obsolete commensal Desulfovibrionaceae infections.

References:

[1] Bublitz et al. (2023) - Vancomycin treatment resulted in the largest changes with an expansion of normally rare microbes such as Desulfovibrionaceae [8]

[2] Ramirez et al. (2020) - Recommended treatments for CDI include metronidazole 500 mg orally three times daily for 10 days in mild and moderate cases [4][5]

[3] Shah et al. (2021) - Metronidazole 500 mg three times a day for ten days is recommended in mild and moderate cases [6]

[4] Bublitz et al. (2023) - CBM588 appears to enhance the clinical outcome in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab–ipilimumab [7]

[5] Antibiotic treatment can have a double-edged effect, disrupting the commensal microbiota while providing essential therapeutic benefits [14]

The differential diagnosis for an infectious disease caused by an obsolete commensal Desulfovibrionaceae bacterium involves ruling out other more common causes, histologic findings on postmortem samples, and fecal PCR testing [10].

Some of the key points to consider in the differential diagnosis include:

• Ruling out other more common causes: This may involve considering alternative explanations for the patient's symptoms, such as infections caused by other types of bacteria or viruses.
• Histologic findings on postmortem samples: In cases where the patient has passed away, histologic examination of tissue samples can provide important clues about the cause of death.
• Fecal PCR testing: This type of testing can help to identify the presence of specific bacterial DNA in stool samples.

It's also worth noting that diagnosis of Desulfovibrio infections is often challenging due to their infrequency and difficulty in identification [11]. Molecular analysis may be required for accurate species-level differentiation of the pathogens.

In terms of treatment, metronidazole has been used to treat Desulfovibrio desulfuricans bacteremia [10].

Here are some key points to consider:

• Metronidazole: This antibiotic has been used to treat Desulfovibrio desulfuricans bacteremia.
• Parasites: Infections with certain types of parasites, such as Parascaris equorum or Strongylus spp., can cause symptoms similar to those caused by Desulfovibrionaceae bacteria.

References:

[10] [11] [13]

Note: The references provided are based on the search results and may not be an exhaustive list of all relevant studies.