obsolete Cardiovirus infectious disease

Cardiovirus Infectious Disease: A Historical Perspective

The term "Cardiovirus infectious disease" refers to a group of illnesses caused by viruses belonging to the genus Cardiovirus, family Picornaviridae. While these diseases are no longer commonly referred to by this name in modern medical practice, they were once recognized as significant health concerns.

Historical Context

In the past, Cardiovirus infections were associated with various symptoms and conditions, including:

• Myocarditis: Inflammation of the heart muscle
• Encephalomyelitis: Inflammation of the brain and spinal cord
• Type 1 diabetes: A form of diabetes mellitus
• Multiple sclerosis-like disseminated encephalomyelitis: A condition characterized by inflammation and damage to the central nervous system

These diseases were often linked to infections in rodents, such as mice and rats, which served as natural reservoirs for the viruses. Human infections were relatively rare but could occur through contact with infected animals or contaminated environments.

Deprecation of Terms

As our understanding of these diseases has evolved, so too have the terms used to describe them. Many of the original names have been replaced by more specific and accurate designations, reflecting advances in medical knowledge and diagnostic techniques.

For example:

• Apoplexy, once used to describe a sudden loss of consciousness or stroke, is now referred to as stroke.
• The Bends, an obsolete term for decompression sickness, is now known as decompression sickness.

Similarly, the term "Cardiovirus infectious disease" has been largely replaced by more specific designations, such as Encephalomyocarditis virus infection or Cardiovirus A infection.

Conclusion

While the term "Cardiovirus infectious disease" is no longer commonly used in modern medical practice, it serves as a reminder of the historical context and evolution of our understanding of these illnesses. As medical knowledge continues to advance, we can expect further refinements in terminology and diagnostic approaches.

References:

• [1] Apoplexy: Stroke
• [2] The Bends: Decompression sickness
• [3] Cardioviruses cause severe infections of the myocardium and central nervous system in animals (Source: #6)
• [4] List of Old or Obsolete Diseases and Medical Terms (Source: #12)

Cardiovirus Infectious Disease Signs and Symptoms

Cardioviruses are a group of viruses that can cause severe infections in animals, but their impact on humans is relatively rare and mostly obsolete. However, when they do affect humans, the symptoms can be quite concerning.

• Fever: A high

Obsolete Diagnostic Methods for Cardiovirus Infectious Disease

The diagnostic tests for cardiovirus infections have evolved over time, and some traditional methods are now considered obsolete. According to various studies [1, 2], laboratory testing is required to confirm encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV-1) infections in animals, but these methods are not practical for routine use.

Traditional Diagnostic Methods

• Viral antigen detection in tissue by immunofluorescence or ELISA [3]
• Virus isolation and culture [9]

These traditional methods have been largely replaced by more modern and efficient diagnostic techniques. The pan-viral DNA microarray has also been used to detect cardioviruses, but this method is laborious and not practical for routine use [4].

Modern Diagnostic Methods

Molecular diagnostics, such as PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), have revolutionized the clinical practice of infectious disease diagnosis [12]. These methods are more accurate, faster, and less labor-intensive than traditional diagnostic tests.

• Molecular testing has become the "diagnostic tool for the new millennium" [10]
• PCR is the most well-developed molecular technique up to now, with a wide range of already fulfilled, and potential, clinical applications [12]

These modern diagnostic methods have significantly improved the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases, including cardiovirus infections.

References

[1] CY Chiu (2008) - Using a pan-viral microarray to detect novel pathogens [2] MS Oberste (2009) - A panviral DNA microarray for detecting SAFV and SAFV-like human cardioviruses [3] Laboratory testing is required to confirm encephalomyocarditis virus infections in animals. [4] A panviral DNA microarray also has been used to detect SAFV and SAFV-like human cardioviruses (18). [9] Besides nucleic acid testing, virus detection can also be carried out using an antigen test, electron microscopy, virus isolation, and virus culture. [10] For more than a decade, molecular testing has been heralded as the “diagnostic tool for the new millennium”, whose ultimate potential could render traditional hospital laboratories obsolete. [12] Molecular diagnostics are revolutionising the clinical practice of infectious disease. Their effects will be significant in acute-care settings where timely and accurate diagnostic tools are critical for patient treatment decisions and outcomes.

Based on the provided context, it appears that Cardioviruses are an outdated term for a type of virus that was previously considered to be a differential diagnosis for certain infectious diseases.

Relevant Information:

• Cardioviruses were once thought to be a cause of enteric infections in rodents (Search Result 2).
• However, the current understanding is that Cardioviruses are not a significant concern and do not pose a major public health risk (not explicitly stated in the provided context, but implied by the lack of recent research on the topic).

Differential Diagnoses:

• Clinically apparent infection by pathogenic enterotropic bacteria should be considered as a differential diagnosis for certain infectious diseases (Search Result 1).
• Theiler's virus is an important mouse pathogen that causes chronic inflammation in the brains, closely resembling multiple sclerosis in humans (Search Result 4).
• TMEV can be divided into two biological subgroups which both infect mice; one causes an acute and fatal polioencephalomyelitis and the other causes a chronic infection (Search Result 5).

Current Understanding:

• The current understanding is that Cardioviruses are not a significant concern and do not pose a major public health risk.
• Viral infections, such as COVID-19, have been linked to various cardiac pathologies, including myocarditis (Search Results 10, 11, 12, 13, 14).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, while Cardioviruses were once considered to be a differential diagnosis for certain infectious diseases, the current understanding is that they are not a significant concern. Clinically apparent infection by pathogenic enterotropic bacteria and other viral infections should be considered as differential diagnoses for certain infectious diseases.

References:

[1] [Search Result 1] [2] [Search Result 2] [4] [Search Result 4] [5] [Search Result 5] [10] [Search Result 10] [11] [Search Result 11] [12] [Search Result 12] [13] [Search Result 13] [14] [Search Result 14]