malignant olfactory nerve neoplasm

Olfactory Neuroblastoma: A Rare Malignant Tumor

Olfactory neuroblastoma, also known as esthesioneuroblastoma, is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that originates from the specialized nerve cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity. These cells are responsible for the sense of smell, hence the name "olfactory" neuroblastoma.

Characteristics

• Olfactory neuroblastomas make up only 3% of nasal cavity tumor cases and affect approximately 1 person per 2.5 million each year [3].
• The tumors can form at any age but are most commonly seen in people ages 50 to 70 years old.
• They typically present as a growth or mass in the superior nasal cavity, which can extend into the sinuses, eyes, and brain if left untreated.

Symptoms

• Pain around the eyes
• Nasal congestion or discharge
• Loss of sense of smell

Diagnosis and Treatment

• Olfactory neuroblastomas are diagnosed through a combination of imaging studies (e.g., CT or MRI scans), biopsy, and histopathological examination.
• Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Early detection and treatment are crucial for improving prognosis.

Prognosis

• If the tumor is not resected at an early stage, the prognosis is usually poor [13].
• However, with prompt and aggressive treatment, some patients may experience a favorable outcome.

References

[1] Berger L, Luc R. (1924) - Initial description of esthesioneuroblastoma. [3] Olfactory neuroblastoma affects only about 1 person per 2.5 million each year. [13] If the tumor is not resected at an early stage, the prognosis is usually poor.

Note: The above information is based on the search results provided in the context and may not be a comprehensive or definitive description of malignant olfactory nerve neoplasm.