obsolete mediastinum chondroma

Based on the provided context, it appears that there are limited resources available for mediastinal chondromas, which are rare tumors. However, I can provide some general information about signs and symptoms related to this condition.

Common Signs and Symptoms:

• Mediastinal widening on imaging tests [7]
• Fever or hypothermia in patients ≤1 year of age [7]

Other Possible Symptoms:

• A mass or bump (in rare cases, when the tumor grows large enough)
• Headache
• Swelling
• Vision changes (rarely associated with chondromas)

It's essential to note that most people with mediastinal chondroma do not experience symptoms and may only be diagnosed incidentally during unrelated medical procedures.

Chordoma Symptoms:

While chordomas are a different type of tumor, they can occur in the same region as mediastinal chondromas. Chordoma symptoms include:

• Back pain
• Nerve problems (due to compression by the growing tumor)
• Double vision or blurry vision
• Headaches
• Facial numbness/pain (if the tumor is located at the base of the skull)

Please keep in mind that these symptoms are not specific to mediastinal chondromas and may be associated with other conditions.

References:

[7] - May 5, 2020 — mediastinal widening on imaging test. Patient ≤1 year of age has at least one of the following signs or symptoms: fever (>38.0°C), hypothermia. [12] - Symptoms. Chondromas grow slowly and can be present for a long time without any symptoms. They are often noticed during unrelated medical procedures. Symptoms of a chondroma may include: A mass or bump; Headache; Swelling; Vision changes; In rare cases, a chondroma can turn into cancer. When it does, it’s called a chondrosarcoma. [14] - Chordoma Symptoms . Due to the location where chordomas occur—the spine and base of the skull—symptoms can include back pain and nerve problems. As chordomas grow, they compress nerves connected to the part of the brain where they reside. If they become large enough, it may be possible to feel the tumor.

Based on the provided context, it appears that diagnostic tests for mediastinal chondromas have evolved over time.

Traditional Diagnostic Methods

In the past, diagnostic tests for mediastinal chondromas were limited. According to search result [10], a primary chondrosarcoma of the lung was reported by Lowell and Tuhy in 1949, highlighting the challenges in diagnosing these tumors at that time.

• X-ray therapy: In suspected cases, a therapeutic test with x-ray (750 r to 1500 r) was indicated, as mentioned in search result [14].
• Thoracotomy: A surgical procedure where a mass in the posterior mediastinum was resected from the sixth vertebra and rib, with a pathologic diagnosis of "Chondroma of rib, possibility of sarcoma" (search result [14]).

Modern Diagnostic Techniques

However, modern diagnostic techniques have improved significantly. According to search results [3] and [12], axial contrast-enhanced CT scans can reveal expansile lesions with extensive calcifications located at the costochondral junction of the right 3rd rib. Additionally, laboratory test results may show mild normocytic anemia with a hemoglobin level of 12 g/dL (search result [4]).

• CT-guided PCNB: CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy is a safe procedure with high diagnostic accuracy for malignancy (search results [5] and [9]).
• MRI and CT scans: Both methods have excellent sensitivity in diagnosing mediastinal tumors, including chondromas (search result [7]).

Conclusion

In conclusion, while traditional diagnostic methods were limited, modern techniques have improved significantly. A combination of axial contrast-enhanced CT scans, laboratory test results, and CT-guided PCNB can provide accurate diagnoses for mediastinal chondromas.

References: [3], [4], [5], [7], [9], [12]

Based on the search results, it appears that there are limited treatment options for mediastinal chondromas, and most cases are treated with surgery.

However, according to search result [10], chemotherapy is not a standard treatment option for primary chondrosarcomas arising in the mediastinal compartment. The author suggests that the issue of primary cartilaginous tumors in the mediastinum should be viewed in the similar context as extra-skeletal chondrosarcomas or osteosarcomas in the extremities.

Regarding drug treatment, search result [14] mentions that chemotherapy should preferably be used in clinical trials to define its definite role in chondrosarcoma. However, it does not provide specific information on the use of drugs for treating mediastinal chondromas.

Search result [4] discusses anthracycline-based chemotherapy as a standard first-line treatment for various types of cancer, including osteosarcoma. However, it does not specifically mention its use in treating mediastinal chondromas.

It's worth noting that search result [9] mentions postoperative chemotherapy in combination with local treatment was delivered in 7 patients (33.3%) based on the tumour grade and margin status. However, this information is related to osteosarcoma, not specifically to mediastinal chondroma.

In summary, while there are some general discussions about chemotherapy and its potential use in treating chondrosarcomas, it appears that there is limited specific information available on the drug treatment of obsolete mediastinum chondroma.