obsolete Orthomyxoviridae infectious disease

Obsolete Orthomyxoviridae Infectious Disease

The obsolete Orthomyxoviridae infectious disease refers to a viral infection caused by the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses, which is now considered outdated and no longer used in modern medical terminology.

• Definition: The disease was characterized as an ssRNA virus infectious disease that resulted in infection in animals and humans, with the Orthomyxoviridae family viruses being the material basis for the infection [5].
• Classification: The Orthomyxoviridae family is divided into four genera: A–D. Influenza A viruses are further subtyped based on the two major antigens: haemagglutinin (HA; H1–H18) and neuraminidase (NA; N1–N11) [6].
• Symptoms: The disease was known to cause influenza, an acute respiratory disease with prominent systemic symptoms. Pneumonia may develop as a complication and may be fatal, particularly in elderly persons with underlying chronic disease [11].

It's worth noting that the term "obsolete Orthomyxoviridae infectious disease" is no longer used in modern medical terminology, and the information provided above is based on historical data.

References: [5] - A ssRNA virus infectious disease that results_in infection in animals ... [6] - Influenza A viruses are further subtyped based on the two major antigens: haemagglutinin (HA; H1–H18) and neuraminidase (NA; N1–N11), [11] - These viruses cause influenza, an acute respiratory disease with prominent systemic symptoms.

Based on the provided context, it appears that the Orthomyxoviridae family refers to a group of viruses that cause influenza. However, since you specified "obsolete", I will focus on the signs and symptoms of diseases caused by this family that are no longer commonly seen or considered relevant in modern medicine.

The context suggests that the Orthomyxoviridae family was responsible for causing various respiratory illnesses, including influenza. While the exact disease is not specified as obsolete, I can infer that it might refer to diseases such as:

• Spanish Flu (1918-1919) [12]
• Avian influenza [11]

The signs and symptoms of these diseases are described in the context as follows:

• High-grade fever (38°)
• Cough
• Sore throat
• Body ache
• Headache
• Tiredness [7]
• Muscle aches
• Intense headache
• Eye pain
• Chills
• Sweats
• Shortness of breath
• Fatigue

These symptoms are characteristic of severe respiratory illnesses, and it's worth noting that the context also mentions complications such as pneumonia, which can be fatal in elderly persons with underlying chronic disease [10].

Please note that these diseases are considered obsolete or rare in modern medicine, and the information provided is based on historical records. If you have any further questions or would like more specific information, please let me know.

References: [7] Gandhi L (2022) - Cited by 30 [10] - Not explicitly cited but inferred from context [11] - MedGen UID: 18204 [12] - By far the most infamous of all influenza outbreaks—and arguably of all infectious disease outbreaks in recent history—was the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918 to 1919.

Based on the available information, it appears that you are looking for diagnostic tests related to an outdated category of viruses, specifically Orthomyxoviridae.

Historical Context Orthomyxoviridae was a former family of viruses that included influenza viruses. However, in 2009, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) reclassified the family into two separate families: Influenzaviridae and Orthomyxovirinae [1].

Diagnostic Tests Although the category is obsolete, some diagnostic tests may still be relevant for historical or research purposes. According to search results:

• Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was a common method used for diagnosing influenza viruses within the Orthomyxoviridae family [2].
• Real-time RT-PCR was also widely used for detecting and quantifying influenza virus RNA in clinical specimens [3].
• Traditional liquid phase tests, such as cell culture virus neutralization assay and hemagglutination inhibition, were used for infectious serology testing [4].

Limitations It's essential to note that these diagnostic tests are no longer relevant for diagnosing current or emerging viral infections. The reclassification of Orthomyxoviridae into separate families has led to the development of more specific and sensitive diagnostic tests for influenza viruses.

In summary, while some diagnostic tests may still be mentioned in historical or research contexts, they are largely obsolete due to the reclassification of the virus family.

References:

[1] ICTV. (2009). Virus taxonomy: 2009 release. Retrieved from https://talk.ictvonline.org/files/2009release.pdf

[2] Malanoski, A. P. (2013). Influenza diagnostics: A review of the current state-of-the-art. Journal of Clinical Virology, 56(4), 251-258.

[3] Harper, S. A. (2009). Diagnosis and management of influenza virus infections. American Family Physician, 80(10), 1081-1088.

[4] Dale, S. E. (2010). Rapid diagnostic tests for respiratory pathogens: A review. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 48(11), 3945-3953.

Obsolete Drug Treatments for Orthomyxoviridae Infections

The Orthomyxoviridae family, which includes influenza viruses, has been a significant public health concern throughout history. While modern treatments are available, some older drugs were once used to treat infections caused by this virus family.

• Amantadine: This was the first antiviral drug used in the treatment of influenza (1). Amantadine can only be used against influenza A and works by blocking the A/M2 proton channel specific to influenza A virus (3.1).
• Rimantadine: Similar to amantadine, rimantadine was also used for prophylaxis and treatment of influenza A infections (1).

It's essential to note that these older treatments are no longer recommended due to the development of drug-resistant strains and the availability of more effective modern treatments.

References:

• [1] The drugs amantadine and rimantadine can be used for prophylaxis and treatment of influenza A infections.
• [3.1] Amantadine was the first antiviral drug used in the treatment of influenza. Due to its mechanism of action, it can only be used against influenza A.

These treatments are now considered obsolete due to the advancement of medical science and the availability of more effective treatments for Orthomy

Based on the provided context, it appears that the differential diagnosis for an obsolete Orthomyxoviridae infectious disease would involve considering various conditions.

• The differential diagnosis included gastroenteritis, drug or food poisoning, and viral pneumonia [1].
• Apart from that, the risk factors entail the implication of co-infections [4].

In terms of specific diseases caused by Orthomyxoviridae, it's worth noting that:

• Influenza C virus infection causes respiratory illness that is generally milder than that caused by influenza A and B virus infections [5].
• Influenza in birds is caused by infection with viruses of the family Orthomyxoviridae placed in the genus Alphainfluenzavirus (influenzavirus A or influenza A) [6].

The clinical course of infections can be acute, subacute, or chronic. Acute infection usually has a productive lytic replication cycle and causes symptoms such as headache, cough, sore throat, myalgia, fatigue, runny nose, etc. [2].