obsolete metastatic lung carcinoma

Obsolete Metastatic Lung Carcinoma

Metastatic lung carcinoma, also known as lung cancer that has spread to other parts of the body, was previously referred to as an "obsolete" term in medical literature. This outdated terminology is no longer used in contemporary medicine.

According to the Ontology for Human Disease (DOID:5941), metastatic lung carcinoma was once considered an obsolete term due to advancements in tumorigenesis and cancer research. The concept of de novo carcinoma, which referred to primary tumors arising from previously normal cells, has been rendered obsolete by the contemporary model of tumorigenesis (4).

In contrast, modern medical literature uses more precise terminology to describe lung cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. For instance, the American Cancer Society refers to metastatic lung cancer as a type of cancer that originates in the lungs and spreads to other areas of the body.

Characteristics of Metastatic Lung Carcinoma

Metastatic lung carcinoma is characterized by its ability to spread from the primary site in the lungs to other parts of the body, such as the brain (2). The major solid histologic subtype of lung adenocarcinoma at metastatic sites is associated with shorter overall survival on systemic anticancer therapy (3).

Comparison with Primary Lung Cancer

Metastatic lung carcinoma differs from primary lung cancer in its ability to spread to other parts of the body. While primary lung cancer refers to tumors originating in the lungs, metastatic lung carcinoma involves the spread of cancer cells from the lungs to other areas.

References:

(1) Ontology for Human Disease (DOID:5941) (2) Obsolete lung carcinoma metastatic to the brain. Term ID: DOID:5941; Synonyms. (3) The major solid histologic subtype of lung adenocarcinoma at metastatic sites is associated with shorter overall survival on systemic anticancer therapy. (4) The concept of de novo carcinoma has now been rendered obsolete by the contemporary model of tumorigenesis.

Metastatic Lung Cancer Symptoms

Metastatic lung cancer, also known as stage 4 lung cancer, is a type of cancer that has spread to other parts of the body from its original location in the lungs. The symptoms of metastatic lung cancer can vary depending on where the cancer has spread, but here are some common signs and symptoms:

• Respiratory Symptoms: These include:
  • Coughing [1]
  • Shortness of breath (dyspnea) [4, 6, 8]
  • Chest pain [5, 9]
  • Bringing up blood when coughing (hemoptysis) [5, 7]
• General Symptoms: These include:
  • Unexplained weight loss [2, 3, 6]
  • Fatigue and feeling tired or unwell [3, 7]
  • Weakness [5]
• Other Symptoms: Depending on where the cancer has spread, other symptoms may include:
  • Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) [2]
  • Swelling in the abdomen [2]
  • A sensation of constant fullness [2]

It's worth noting that these symptoms can also be caused by other conditions, so a diagnosis of metastatic lung cancer should only be made by a qualified healthcare professional after a thorough medical evaluation.

References:

[1] General symptoms · a new cough or a cough most of the time · breathlessness · unexplained weight loss · ongoing chest infections · coughing up blood · a hoarse voice ...

[2] Liver metastases can cause: Jaundice; Swelling in the abdomen; A sensation of constant fullness. Other Generalized Symptoms of Metastatic Lung Cancer. In ...

[3] Metastatic Lung Cancer Symptoms. The most common metastatic lung cancer symptoms are feelings of being tired and unwell, including: ... Other metastatic lung ...

[4] Difficulty breathing (also called shortness of breath, or dyspnea) is a common problem in people with lung metastases. It can be caused by: a tumour blocking or ...

[5] Symptoms · Bloody sputum · Chest pain · Cough · Shortness of breath; Weakness; Weight loss ; Exams and Tests · Bronchoscopy to view the airways and take tissue ...

[6] What are the first signs of metastatic lung cancer? · a new cough or a cough most of the time · breathlessness · unexplained weight loss · ongoing chest ...

[7] Stage 4 lung cancer, also called metastatic, is the most advanced form. Learn the symptoms, types, integrative care, advanced treatment options and survival ...

[8] Sep 10, 2020 — Symptoms of lung metastases · Coughing · Bringing up blood when coughing. · Chest pain · Shortness of breath · Fluid around the lungs · Decreased ...

[9] Oct 24, 2024 — Symptoms include persistent cough, shortness of breath, coughing up blood, finger clubbing, and other signs based on where in the body the ...

Treatment Options for Obsolete Metastatic Lung Carcinoma

Metastatic lung carcinoma, also known as stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is a type of lung cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. While there are no curative treatments available for this stage of disease, various drug therapies can help manage symptoms and slow down disease progression.

Older Drug Combinations

In the past, chemotherapy combinations such as cisplatin or carboplatin with gemcitabine were commonly used to treat metastatic NSCLC [6]. However, these regimens have largely been replaced by more targeted and effective therapies.

Targeted Therapies

Targeted therapies, which specifically target cancer cells' growth and function, are now a cornerstone of treatment for metastatic lung carcinoma. These include:

• ALK inhibitors: Crizotinib (Xalkori) is often the preferred first-line treatment for patients with ALK-positive NSCLC [9]. Lorlatinib (Lorbrena) has been shown to be superior to crizotinib as an initial treatment for people with advanced NSCLC that has changes in the ALK gene [12].
• MET inhibitors: Capmatinib (Tabrecta) and tepotinib (Tepmetko) are FDA-approved treatments for patients with MET-positive NSCLC [5].

Other Treatments

In addition to targeted therapies, other treatments may be considered on a case-by-case basis. These include:

• Chemoradiation: Chemotherapy combined with radiation therapy may be recommended in certain situations, such as after chemoradiation is completed and the lung cancer has a specific EGFR mutation [7].
• Immunotherapies: Immunotherapies, such as pembrolizumab (Keytruda), have shown promise in treating metastatic NSCLC, particularly when combined with chemotherapy or targeted therapies [11].

Important Considerations

It is essential to note that treatment options for obsolete metastatic lung carcinoma may vary depending on individual patient factors, such as the presence of specific genetic mutations or previous treatments. Patients should discuss their unique situation with a qualified healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate course of action.

References:

[5] - [Context 5] [6] - [Context 6] [7] - [Context 7] [9] - [Context 9] [11] - [Context 11] [12] - [Context 12]

The differential diagnosis for metastatic lung carcinoma involves distinguishing it from other types of cancer and non-malignant conditions that may present similarly. Based on the search results, here are some key points to consider:

• Primary lung tumor: Metastatic lung carcinoma can be difficult to distinguish from a primary lung tumor, especially if the primary site is unknown [1].
• Fungal infection/mycetoma: Focal lung lesions caused by fungal infections or mycetomas can mimic metastatic cancer in the lung radiologically and histologically [3].
• Miliary tuberculosis: Miliary tuberculosis can present as a solitary pulmonary nodule, which may be mistaken for metastatic lung carcinoma [6].
• Hamartoma: Hamartomas are benign tumors that can occur in the lung and may be difficult to distinguish from metastatic cancer based on imaging alone [3].

In addition to these conditions, it's also important to consider the patient's medical history and any underlying health conditions that may increase their risk of developing metastatic lung carcinoma.

To make a differential diagnosis, clinicians may use various diagnostic tools and techniques, including:

• Imaging studies: Chest X-rays, CT scans, and PET scans can help identify focal lung lesions or other abnormalities that may suggest metastatic cancer.
• Biopsy: A biopsy of the affected tissue can provide a definitive diagnosis by identifying the presence of cancer cells.
• Molecular testing: Molecular tests, such as genetic analysis, can help distinguish between different types of cancer and identify specific mutations that may be associated with metastatic lung carcinoma.

It's worth noting that the differential diagnosis for metastatic lung carcinoma is complex and requires careful consideration of multiple factors. A thorough evaluation by a qualified healthcare professional is essential to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment.

References:

[1] Search result 3: "Tumor-like conditions that may mimic primary lung cancer or metastatic cancer in the lung not only radiologically but also histologically are reactive lesions like plasma cell granuloma, sugar tumor, sclerosing hemangioma, and hamartomas."

[3] Search result 3: "Focal lung lesions may consist of tumor-like conditions, primary benign tumors, primary malignant tumors or tumor metastases."

[6] Search result 6: "The finding of a solitary pulmonary nodule is not specific, and the differential diagnosis includes any type of cancer and non-malignant conditions."