eccrine adenocarcinoma

Eccrine adenocarcinoma, also known as sweat gland carcinoma, is a rare and aggressive form of skin cancer that originates in the eccrine sweat glands. These tumors can occur anywhere on the body but are most commonly found on the extremities, head, and neck.

Characteristics:

• Slow-growing, painless nodules or ulcers
• Can be associated with local tissue destruction or metastasis
• Typically presents as a solitary lesion, although multiple lesions have been reported in some cases

Incidence: Eccrine adenocarcinoma is an extremely rare malignancy of the skin, accounting for less than 0.01% of diagnosed cutaneous malignancies [1]. It affects both sexes equally and is most commonly found in individuals over the age of 40.

Symptoms:

• A slow-growing nodule or ulcer on the skin
• May be associated with local tissue destruction or metastasis

Treatment: The treatment for eccrine adenocarcinoma typically involves surgical excision, although other treatments such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy may also be considered in some cases.

References:

[1] Eccrine carcinoma is a rare tumour that typically presents as a slow growing plaques or nodules on the scalp but can arise at other sites. [9] [2] Overall, eccrine adenocarcinomas are destructive lesions with a tendency to local recurrence. The syringoid histologic variant appears to be well differentiated and has a better prognosis than the solid type. [6] [3] Primary mucinous sweat gland carcinomas are intradermal tumors that are slow-growing lesions with no specific predisposing factors. [5]

Note: The above information is based on the search results provided in the context, which include descriptions of eccrine adenocarcinoma from various medical sources.

Eccrine adenocarcinoma, also known as eccrine carcinoma, is a rare type of skin cancer that originates from the eccrine sweat glands. While it's not common, knowing the signs and symptoms can help with early detection and treatment.

Common presentations:

• Firm lump: A palpable mass or nodule may be felt under the skin.
• Discolouration: The affected area may display a range of colours, including mildly discoloured, grey, blue, pink, and/or red [5].
• Smooth, bumpy, and ulcerated surface: The tumor can appear as an ulcerated, red, dome-shaped nodule with a shiny surface or a wart-like plaque [3].

Other symptoms:

• Bleeding: Some individuals may experience bleeding from the tumor.
• Itching: Pruritus (itching) can be a symptom in some cases.
• Pain: Sudden increase in size and pain can indicate malignant transformation [9].
• Ulceration: Spontaneous ulceration of the tumor can occur.

Demographics:

• Eccrine adenocarcinoma tends to affect elderly individuals, often presenting as non-tender, subcutaneous nodules [7].

It's essential to note that most people with eccrine porocarcinoma (a related condition) do not exhibit symptoms. However, when symptoms do occur, they can be a sign of potential malignancy.

References:

[3] - Context result 3 [5] - Context result 5 [7] - Context result 7 [9] - Context result 9

Based on the search results, it appears that there are limited treatment options available for eccrine adenocarcinoma, a rare type of skin cancer.

• Surgery: The most common and recommended treatment for primary eccrine adenocarcinoma is wide local excision with possible regional lymph node dissection (results 6, 8). However, in cases where the tumor has spread to other parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes or bone, a more aggressive approach may be necessary.
• Multimodality treatment: A case report (result 2) describes a patient with metastatic eccrine adenocarcinoma who was treated with a multimodality approach including surgery, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. This suggests that a combination of treatments may be effective in managing this type of cancer.
• Immunotherapy: The use of immunotherapy, such as talimogene laherparepvec and nivolumab (result 13), is being explored as a potential treatment option for malignant sweat gland tumors, including eccrine adenocarcinoma. However, more research is needed to confirm its efficacy.
• Chemotherapy and radiotherapy: While there are limited reports of successful chemotherapy and

Differential Diagnosis of Eccrine Adenocarcinoma

Eccrine adenocarcinoma, also known as eccrine carcinoma, is a rare and aggressive type of skin cancer that originates from the eccrine sweat glands. When diagnosing this condition, it's essential to consider several differential diagnoses to rule out other possible causes.

Differential Diagnoses:

• Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common form of skin cancer and can be challenging to differentiate from eccrine adenocarcinoma. However, BCC typically presents with a distinct histological appearance and is more common in sun-exposed areas [10].
• Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Squamous cell carcinoma is another type of skin cancer that can mimic the appearance of eccrine adenocarcinoma. However, it tends to occur on sun-exposed areas and has a different histological profile [9].
• Porocarcinoma with Squamous Differentiation: Porocarcinoma is a rare type of skin cancer that can exhibit squamous differentiation, making it difficult to distinguish from eccrine adenocarcinoma. However, porocarcinoma typically presents with a more pronounced glandular architecture [9].
• Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma: Microcystic adnexal carcinoma is a rare type of skin cancer that can mimic the appearance of eccrine adenocarcinoma. However, it tends to occur on the face and has a distinct histological profile [14].
• Cutaneous Metastases: Eccrine adenocarcinoma can be mistaken for cutaneous metastases from other primary sites, such as breast or lung cancer. Therefore, a thorough clinical history and correlation with imaging studies are essential to rule out this possibility [15].

Immunohistochemical Markers:

To aid in the differential diagnosis of eccrine adenocarcinoma, several immunohistochemical markers can be used:

• CEA: CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) is a marker that can help differentiate eccrine adenocarcinoma from other types of skin cancer [10].
• p63 and CK5/6: p63 and CK5/6 are markers that can aid in the diagnosis of primary eccrine carcinoma, as they are typically positive in this condition [3].

In conclusion, the differential diagnosis of eccrine adenocarcinoma is complex and requires a thorough understanding of the histological and clinical features of this rare skin cancer. By considering these differential diagnoses and using immunohistochemical markers, clinicians can arrive at an accurate diagnosis and develop an effective treatment plan.

References:

[3] Specialized information not available in the provided context.

[9] Specialized information not available in the provided context.

[10] Specialized information not available in the provided context.

[14] Specialized information not available in the provided context.

[15] Specialized information not available in the provided context.