ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma

Ovarian Endometrioid Adenofibroma: A Rare Benign Tumor

Ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma is a rare benign tumor that arises from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of glandular and fibrous tissues, with a significant presence of glands [6]. This type of tumor is often confused with its malignant counterpart, but it can be distinguished by its benign nature and distinct histological features.

Key Characteristics:

• Benign in nature: Ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma is a non-cancerous tumor that does not spread to other parts of the body [2].
• Rare occurrence: This type of tumor accounts for only 1% of ovarian epithelial neoplasms, making it an extremely rare condition [10].
• Endometrioid differentiation: The tumor exhibits endometrioid epithelial components, which are similar to those found in endometrial tissue [9].
• Solid or cystic appearance: Ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma can appear as a solid tumor with small cysts on sectioning, or it may be predominantly cystic in rare cases [3].

Diagnosis and Treatment:

The diagnosis of ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma is typically made through surgical resection of the tumor. Fine-needle aspiration cytology can also be used to confirm the diagnosis [14]. Complete surgical resection is usually required, and rare cases may recur [1].

References:

[1] Context result 1 [2] Context result 2 [3] Context result 3 [6] Context result 6 [9] Context result 9 [10] Context result 10

Common Signs and Symptoms of Ovarian Endometrioid Adenofibroma

Ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma is a rare benign epithelial neoplasm of the ovary. While it can be asymptomatic in many cases, some women may experience certain signs and symptoms. Here are some common ones:

• Abdominal pain: A mass or lump in the abdomen, pelvic pain, or discomfort are often reported by women with ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma [7][8].
• Vaginal bleeding: Abnormal vaginal bleeding before and after menopause, during periods, or postmenopausal bleeding can be a symptom of this condition [4][5][9].
• Increasing abdominal size: As the tumor grows, it can cause an increase in abdominal size, which may lead to discomfort or pain [10][15].
• Pelvic pressure: Some women may experience pelvic pressure or heaviness due to the presence of the tumor [8].

It's essential to note that many ovarian endometrioid adenofibromas are asymptomatic and are detected incidentally during an abdominal ultrasound performed for other health reasons. If you're experiencing any of these symptoms, it's crucial to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and diagnosis.

References:

• [4] Abnormal vaginal bleeding is often reported by women with ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma.
• [5] Vaginal bleeding before and after menopause can be a symptom of this condition.
• [7] A mass or lump in the abdomen, pelvic pain, or discomfort are common symptoms of ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma.
• [8] Pelvic pressure or heaviness due to the presence of the tumor is also reported by some women.
• [9] Abnormal vaginal bleeding during periods can be a symptom of this condition.
• [10] Many ovarian endometrioid adenofibromas are asymptomatic and are detected incidentally during an abdominal ultrasound performed for other health reasons.
• [15] Increasing abdominal size due to the tumor growth can cause discomfort or pain.

Diagnostic Tests for Ovarian Endometrioid Adenofibroma

Ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma is a rare benign tumor that requires accurate diagnosis to differentiate it from malignant forms. The following diagnostic tests are used to confirm the presence of this condition:

• Histopathological evaluation: This is the most useful criterion for distinguishing proliferating from benign adenofibromatous tumors [5]. Histopathological examination of the tumor tissue can help identify the characteristic endometrioid glands and stromal components.
• Immunohistochemical testing: Postsurgical pathologic and immunohistochemical testing can confirm a diagnosis of endometrioid adenofibroma [2, 8].
• Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC): FNAC is a diagnostic tool that can help identify the presence of endometrioid adenofibroma in the ovary. A study reported the FNA cytology findings of endometrioid adenofibroma arising in the ovary of a 60-year-old woman [9].
• Blood serum CA125 level: While not a specific diagnostic tool, blood serum CA125 level can be used as a screening test to rule out ovarian cancer. However, it is not helpful as a screening tool for benign endometrioid adenofibroma [10].

It's essential to note that an ultrasound-guided biopsy should be performed to confirm the diagnosis of endometrioid adenofibroma, especially in cases where there is suspicion of malignancy [7].

Based on the provided context, it appears that surgery is the main treatment for ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma, with complete removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes or the tumor being an effective approach [2][4]. However, there is limited information available on drug treatments specifically targeting this condition.

One study mentioned in the context suggests that itraconazole may have potential in inhibiting Hedgehog (Hh), mTOR, and VEGFR/angiogenesis pathways, which could disrupt tumor vasculature and sensitize ovarian cancers to treatment [8]. However, this is not a specific treatment for endometrioid adenofibroma.

Currently, there are no FDA-approved checkpoint blockade immunotherapy drugs for the treatment of ovarian/peritoneal/fallopian tube cancer [9], which includes endometrioid adenofibroma. This suggests that drug treatments may not be a primary option for this condition.

It's worth noting that the context mentions surgery as the main treatment, and rare cases can recur. Therefore, while there is some information on potential drug targets, it appears that surgery remains the primary approach for treating ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma.

References:

[2] - Surgery is the main treatment of endometrioid adenofibroma, the treatment effect can be achieved by complete removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes or the tumor [4]. [8] - Itraconazole inhibits Hedgehog (Hh), mTOR, and VEGFR/angiogenesis pathway disrupting tumor vasculature and sensitizing ovarian cancers to treatment. [9] - Currently, there are no FDA-approved checkpoint blockade immunotherapy drugs for the treatment of ovarian/peritoneal/fallopian tube cancer.

The differential diagnosis for ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma involves a range of conditions that can mimic its appearance and characteristics.

Similarities with other tumors

• Endometrioid carcinoma: This is the most common type of ovarian cancer, and it can be difficult to distinguish from endometrioid adenofibroma based on histological examination alone [1]. The presence of a prominent spindle-cell component in endometrioid carcinoma can lead to diagnostic confusion with adenofibroma [10].
• Adenosarcoma: This is a rare type of ovarian tumor that can be mistaken for adenofibroma due to its similar appearance and characteristics [6].

Other conditions to consider

• Metastases to the ovary: In cases where the ovarian lesion is bilateral or there are other signs of metastatic disease, it's essential to consider the possibility of metastases from a primary cancer in another location, such as the colon [9].
• Serous cystadenoma and cystadenofibroma: These are types of epithelial tumors that can be distinguished from adenofibroma based on their histological characteristics and clinical presentation [12].

Key features to consider

• Histological examination: A thorough microscopic examination of the tumor tissue is crucial for making an accurate diagnosis. The presence of endometrioid glands, fibrous components, and other characteristic features can help distinguish adenofibroma from other conditions [7].
• Clinical presentation: The patient's symptoms, medical history, and physical examination findings can also provide valuable clues in the differential diagnosis of ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma.

In summary, the differential diagnosis for ovarian endometrioid adenofibroma involves a range of conditions that can mimic its appearance and characteristics. A thorough histological examination, clinical presentation, and consideration of other potential diagnoses are essential for making an accurate diagnosis.

References:

[1] Context 10 [6] Context 6 [7] Context 7 [9] Context 9 [10] Context 10