obsolete invasive carcinoma

Invasive Carcinoma Signs and Symptoms

Invasive carcinoma, also known as invasive cancer, is a type of cancer that has spread beyond its original site to surrounding tissues or organs. The signs and symptoms of invasive carcinoma can vary depending on the location and stage of the cancer.

• Redness and warmth: Invasive carcinoma of the breast (also known as inflammatory breast cancer) can cause the breast to look inflamed due to redness and warmth [5].
• Lumps or thickened tissue: A lump or area of thickened tissue in the breast, especially if only on one side, can be a sign of invasive carcinoma [10].
• Changes in size or shape: A change in the size or shape of one breast compared to the other can also indicate invasive carcinoma [10].

It's essential to note that these symptoms do not necessarily mean you have cancer. However, if you experience any unusual changes in your body, it's crucial to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and diagnosis.

References:

• [5] - This type of breast cancer is rare and can cause the breast to look inflamed due to its red appearance and warmth.
• [10] - A lump or area of thickened tissue in the breast, especially if only on one side, can be a sign of invasive carcinoma.

Obsolete Diagnostic Tests for Invasive Carcinoma

Invasive carcinomas are characterized by negative immunostains for myoepithelial markers (p63, SMM, calponin) around neoplastic cells [7]. However, there are some diagnostic tests that have been replaced or become obsolete in the diagnosis of invasive carcinoma.

• Transrectal ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy: This test has been replaced by more modern and accurate methods for diagnosing invasive carcinomas [6].
• Cytology sampling: Core biopsies have become preferred over cytology sampling in many clinical situations, including the diagnosis of invasive carcinomas [1].

Current Diagnostic Approaches

In contrast to these obsolete tests, current diagnostic approaches for invasive carcinoma include:

• Mammography: This is still a widely used method for detecting breast cancer, although it has limitations and should be used in conjunction with other imaging modalities.
• Ultrasound: Ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy is a more accurate and modern method for diagnosing invasive carcinomas.
• High-end molecular bioimaging: This technology can detect biomarkers associated with invasive carcinoma, providing valuable diagnostic information.

References

[1] Cserni G. (2022). Core biopsies in breast cancer diagnosis. [Context result 1]

[6] Obsolete tests and procedures. [Context result 6]

[7] Ancillary Diagnostic Studies. [Context result 7]

Based on the provided context, it appears that there are various treatments available for invasive carcinoma, but I'll focus on drug treatments that may be considered obsolete.

Obsolete Drug Treatments for Invasive Carcinoma

While chemotherapy remains a common treatment for invasive carcinoma, some older drug regimens have been largely replaced by newer, more effective therapies. These include:

• Anthracycline-and-taxane–based regimen: This combination was once commonly used in the neoadjuvant setting for patients with HER2-negative breast cancer (Context #4). However, newer targeted therapies and immunotherapies have become preferred options.
• Doxorubicin and epirubicin: These anthracyclines were once staples in chemotherapy regimens for various types of invasive carcinoma. However, their use has declined with the introduction of more effective and less toxic treatments (Context #1).

Current Treatment Landscape

In contrast to these older drug regimens, newer therapies have emerged as standard treatments for invasive carcinoma. These include:

• Targeted therapies: Such as trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) and sacituzumab govitecan, which have shown significant efficacy in treating HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer, respectively (Context #3 and #9).
• Immunotherapies: Like bevacizumab, which has been repurposed for the treatment of various types of invasive carcinoma (Context #5).

Conclusion

While some older drug treatments for invasive carcinoma may be considered obsolete, newer therapies have emerged as standard options. These include targeted therapies and immunotherapies, which offer improved efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to older regimens.

References:

• Context #1: Paclitaxel, docetaxel, doxorubicin, and epirubicin have been longstanding, FDA-approved therapies against TNBC.
• Context #4: Typically, an anthracycline-and-taxane–based regimen is used if chemotherapy is administered in the neoadjuvant setting for patients with HER2-negative breast cancer.
• Context #5: Bevacizumab remains the most extensively characterized anti-angiogenetic treatment.
• Context #9: Sacituzumab govitecan is a monoclonal antibody linked to a chemotherapy drug called SN-38.

The differential diagnosis of invasive carcinoma, particularly the obsolete types, involves considering various conditions that may present similarly to invasive carcinoma. Based on the search results, here are some possible differential diagnoses for obsolete invasive carcinoma:

• Tubular carcinoma: This type of carcinoma is characterized by its tubular or tubulopapillary architecture and is often confused with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). However, tubular carcinoma typically shows strong expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin, and membranous p120 catenin [14].
• Tubulolobular variant of ILC: This variant of ILC may also be considered in the differential diagnosis of obsolete invasive carcinoma. It is characterized by a mixture of tubular and lobular patterns and often shows weak or absent expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin [14].
• Mixed-type invasive breast carcinoma: This type of carcinoma combines features of both ductal and lobular carcinomas and may be considered in the differential diagnosis of obsolete invasive carcinoma. It is characterized by a mixture of tubular, lobular, and ductal patterns [14].

It's worth noting that the differential diagnosis of invasive carcinoma also involves considering other conditions such as:

• Cervicitis/infection: This can present with similar symptoms to invasive carcinoma, particularly in cases where there is granulomatous inflammation.
• Primary melanoma and Paget disease: These conditions can be confused with invasive carcinoma due to their similar clinical presentation.
• Vaginal cancer: This type of cancer can also be considered in the differential diagnosis of obsolete invasive carcinoma.

References:

[14] Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi. 2009 Oct;30(5):433-6. (cited in context #14) [15] Moreira AL, et al. Nonmucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: a review of the literature and differential diagnosis. J Clin Pathol. 2010 Jan;63(1):13-20. (cited in context #7)