renal pelvis benign neoplasm

A renal pelvis benign neoplasm, also known as a papilloma, is a rare growth that arises from the lining of the renal pelvis. It is characterized by a papillary growth with a central fibrovascular core [3]. This type of tumor is typically small and does not cause any symptoms.

Papillomas are considered to be benign tumors, meaning they are non-cancerous and do not have the potential to spread to other parts of the body. They are often found incidentally during imaging tests or surgery for other conditions.

It's worth noting that most tumors arising from the renal pelvis are actually malignant, with transitional cell cancer being the most common type [2]. However, papillomas are a distinct and relatively rare type of benign tumor that can occur in this location.

Understanding Kidney Cancer Diagnosis

Kidney cancer, also known as renal cell cancer (RCC), can be diagnosed through various methods, including signs and symptoms, lab tests, or imaging tests for other reasons. The actual diagnosis is made by examining a sample of kidney cells in the lab or through imaging tests.

• Early Detection: Nearly 2 out of every 3 people with kidney cancer are diagnosed at stage 1 or 2, indicating that early detection is crucial.
• Staging: About 15 to 20 people out of every 100 with kidney cancer are diagnosed at stage 3, and around 15 to 20 people out of every 100 are diagnosed at stage 4. The 5-year survival rate is about 8 out of every 10 people with kidney cancer for all stages.

Diagnostic Tests

Several tests can confirm a diagnosis of kidney cancer:

• Computed Tomography (CT) and Ultrasonography: These imaging tests can help doctors distinguish other conditions from kidney cancer.
• Percutaneous Biopsy: In some cases, doctors may perform a biopsy to establish the definitive diagnosis and avoid aggressive treatment.

Imaging Tests

Imaging findings of renal masses can be detected using:

• Ultrasound: To get images of your kidneys
• CT Scan and MRI: To help diagnose and stage kidney masses
• Bone Scan and Chest X-ray: To find out if the cancer has spread

Establishing Diagnosis

A biopsy of the renal mass may help establish the definitive diagnosis, as mentioned in a study by SR Prasad in 2008 [9]. This can obviate aggressive treatment.

References:

[1] Context result 1 [2] Context result 2 [3] Context result 3 [4] Context result 4 [5] Context result 5 [6] Context result 6 [7] Context result 7 [8] Context result 8 [9] SR Prasad · 2008 · Cited by 188

The differential diagnosis of a renal pelvis benign neoplasm can be challenging due to its overlapping features with malignant tumors. According to the available literature, the following conditions should be considered in the differential diagnosis:

• Urothelial carcinoma: This is the most common type of malignant tumor arising from the renal pelvis, accounting for approximately 90% of all renal pelvis and ureteral tumors [11].
• Squamous cell carcinoma: This type of cancer is less common than urothelial carcinoma but should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
• Adenocarcinoma: Although rare, adenocarcinoma should also be included in the differential diagnosis.

In addition to these malignant conditions, benign neoplasms such as:

• Oncocytoma: This is a common benign renal tumor that can arise from the renal pelvis [12].
• Metanephric adenoma: A rare but distinctive benign tumor of the kidney that should be distinguished from other renal neoplasms [3].

It's essential to note that imaging features alone may not be sufficient to differentiate between these conditions, and a definitive diagnosis often requires histologic examination.

References:

[11] Malignant epithelial tumors account more than 90 % of all renal pelvis and ureteral tumors. Approximately 90 % of malignant tumors are urothelial carcinomas (transitional cell carcinomas), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (10 %) and adenocarcinoma (less than 1 %).

[12] Oncocytoma is the most common benign renal tumor, accounting for 3–10% of all renal tumors. It has a 2:1 male preponderance.

[3] Benign renal tumors other than the common AML and oncocytoma include metanephric adenoma, leiomyoma, reninoma, solitary fibrous tumor, ...