ovarian mucinous neoplasm

Ovarian Mucinous Neoplasms: A Rare but Distinctive Type of Ovarian Tumor

Ovarian mucinous neoplasms are a rare subtype of ovarian tumors that account for about 2-3% of new ovarian cancers [1]. These tumors are characterized by the presence of epithelial cells containing intracytoplasmic mucin, which gives them their name [4].

Gross Pathologic Analysis

At gross pathologic analysis, mucinous ovarian neoplasms appear as large multiloculated cystic masses with varying contents in the cyst loculi [5]. They are often unilateral and can be larger than 10 cm in size, with a smooth capsule and cystic and solid areas of tumor evenly distributed throughout the ovary [10].

Microscopic (Histologic) Description

The microscopic appearance of mucinous ovarian neoplasms is characterized by complex architecture with tufting and villus formation, resembling low-grade dysplasia of the intestine with goblet cells [12]. The epithelium may also exhibit stratification and villus formation involving more than 10% of the tumor.

Imaging Findings

The imaging findings of ovarian mucinous neoplasms reflect their gross pathologic appearance. They are often large and may require transabdominal imaging to view the full extent of the mass, appearing as a cystic mass of varying complexity [13].

Key Features

• Large multiloculated cystic masses
• Presence of epithelial cells containing intracytoplasmic mucin
• Complex architecture with tufting and villus formation
• Resemble low-grade dysplasia of the intestine with goblet cells

References: [1] Mucinous Ovarian Cancer: Overview and Outlook. [4] Primary mucinous ovarian tumors vs. ovarian metastases from gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and biliary tree: A review of current problematics. [5] by J Marko · 2019 · Cited by 83 — At gross pathologic analysis, mucinous ovarian neoplasms appear as large multiloculated cystic masses. The contents of the cyst loculi vary on ... [10] 77% of ovarian mucinous carcinomas are metastases, 23% are ovarian primaries (Am J Surg Pathol 2003; ... Gross description. Primary tumors are often unilateral and can be larger than 10 cm in size, with a smooth capsule and cystic and solid areas of tumor evenly distributed throughout the ovary. [12] Ovarian tumors with mucinous epithelium of gastrointestinal type and epithelial proliferation (tufting, stratification and villus formation) involving > 10% of tumor ... Microscopic (histologic) description. Complex architecture with tufting and villus formation Epithelium resembles low grade dysplasia of the intestine with goblet cells ... [13] The imaging findings of ovarian mucinous neoplasms reflect the findings at gross pathologic analysis. The US appearance of a mucinous ovarian neopl

Common Signs and Symptoms of Ovarian Mucinous Neoplasm

Ovarian mucinous neoplasm, a rare type of ovarian cancer, can exhibit various symptoms that may be similar to those experienced by women with other conditions. The following are some common signs and symptoms associated with this disease:

• Abdominal or pelvic pain: A persistent or severe pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis is a common symptom of ovarian mucinous neoplasm [3][4].
• Bloating: Feeling bloated or experiencing abdominal discomfort, even after a light meal, can be an early warning sign of this disease [11][14].
• Feeling full quickly: Some women may experience a feeling of fullness or nausea after eating, which can be indicative of ovarian mucinous neoplasm [10][11].
• Pelvic mass: A large unilateral pelvic mass is often the first symptom noticed by women with ovarian mucinous neoplasm [5].

Other Possible Symptoms

While not as common, other symptoms that may be associated with ovarian mucinous neoplasm include:

• Fatigue: Feeling tired or exhausted for no apparent reason can be an early sign of this disease [15].
• Constipation: Difficulty passing stools or experiencing constipation can also be a symptom of ovarian mucinous neoplasm [14][15].

Importance of Early Detection

It is essential to note that the symptoms of ovarian mucinous neoplasm can be nonspecific and may mimic those experienced by women with other conditions. Therefore, it is crucial for women to consult their healthcare provider if they experience any persistent or severe symptoms.

References:

[3] Context result 3: "The common symptoms of MOC can include abdominal or pelvic pain, bloating, and feeling a lump on one side of the abdomen."

[4] Context result 4: "A person may experience a wide range of symptoms, including pelvic and abdominal pain, bloating, and fatigue."

[5] Context result 5: "The clinical manifestation is nonspecific, but most mucinous ovarian neoplasms manifest as large unilateral pelvic masses."

[10] Context result 10: "Bloating, diarrhea and abdominal pain are three of the most common ovarian cancer symptoms,"

[11] Context result 11: "Women are more likely to have symptoms if the disease has spread, but even early-stage ovarian cancer can cause them. The most common symptoms include: Bloating; Pelvic or abdominal (belly) pain; Trouble eating or feeling full quickly"

[14] Context result 14: "Symptoms and signs of ovarian cancer vary from woman to woman, but they may include: General abdominal discomfort or pain (gas, indigestion, pressure, swelling, bloating, cramps) Bloating and/or a feeling of fullness, even after a light meal; Nausea, diarrhea, constipation or frequent ur

Diagnostic Tests for Ovarian Mucinous Neoplasms

Ovarian mucinous neoplasms are a type of rare cancer that affects women, and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment. Various diagnostic tests can help identify this condition.

• Imaging Studies: Imaging studies such as ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans play a significant role in diagnosing ovarian mucinous neoplasms

Overview of Differential Diagnosis

The differential diagnosis of ovarian mucinous neoplasms involves distinguishing them from other types of tumors, particularly those originating from the gastrointestinal tract. This is a crucial step in determining the appropriate treatment and management plan for patients.

Key Points to Consider:

• Mucinous ovarian tumors are distinct: They have unique characteristics that differentiate them from usual gastrointestinal type mucinous tumors (7).
• Seromucinous tumours differ: From usual gastrointestinal type mucinous tumours, and metastases may mimic ovarian tumours (7).
• Immunohistochemistry plays a role: In the differential diagnosis of mucinous ovarian tumors, with the majority being cytokeratin (CK) 7 and 20 positive (6).