rectum Kaposi's sarcoma

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in the rectum is a type of cancer that forms in the lining of blood vessels and lymph vessels. The lesions may appear as patches or tumors on the surface of the rectal mucosa, which can cause symptoms such as:

• Rectal pain and bleeding
• Difficulty with bowel movements
• Changes in stool consistency or frequency

Microscopically, KS lesions in the rectum are characterized by spindle cells with mild to moderate atypia, arranged in vague fascicles and separated by slit-like vessels [11]. Immunostains for HHV8 are positive in the lesional cells [11].

In some cases, KS lesions may be found in the submucosa of the rectal wall, which can cause symptoms such as rectal pain and bleeding. A biopsy from a rectal polyp showed clusters of monomorphic spindle cells with focal vasoformation consistent with Kaposi sarcoma [13]. IHC stains revealed spindle cells positive for CD31, Vimentin, and negative for Desmin, SMA, S 100, Pan-CK likely seen in Kaposi Sarcoma. Also, diffusely positive for ERG and HHV-8 [13].

It's worth noting that KS is a multifocal angioproliferative tumor associated with HHV-8 infection, first described by Dr. Kaposi in 1872 [6]. The disease can also affect other parts of the body, such as the skin, mouth, nose, eyes, and anus.

References: [6] J Minhas · 2021 · Cited by 1 [11] [13]

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in the rectum can manifest through various symptoms, which may vary from person to person. Here are some possible signs and symptoms:

• Lesions on the skin: KS lesions can appear as flat or raised patches on the skin around the anus or rectum.
• Bleeding: Slow bleeding from the rectum or anus is a common symptom of KS in the rectum.
• Diarrhea: Some people may experience diarrhea due to KS lesions in the rectum or intestines.
• Abdominal pain: Pain or discomfort in the abdominal area can occur as a result of KS lesions in the rectum or intestines.

It's essential to note that these symptoms can be similar to those experienced by people with other conditions, such as hemorrhoids or inflammatory bowel disease. A proper diagnosis by a healthcare professional is necessary to confirm the presence of Kaposi's sarcoma in the rectum.

According to [1], lesions on the skin around the anus or rectum are a common early symptom of KS in this area. [2] also mentions that slow bleeding from the rectum or anus can occur due to KS lesions. Additionally, [3] notes that diarrhea and abdominal pain may be experienced by some individuals with KS in the rectum.

References: [1] - Context result 8 [2] - Context result 13 [3] - Context result 14

Diagnostic Tests for Rectal Kaposi's Sarcoma

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) can be diagnosed through various tests, including those that examine the rectum. Here are some diagnostic tests used to detect KS in the rectum:

• Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): A DRE is a physical examination of the rectum using a gloved, lubricated finger. This test may be performed to check for lesions or other abnormalities inside the rectum [6][10].
• Colonoscopy: Colonoscopy is a procedure that allows doctors to visually examine the inside of the large intestine (colon and rectum) using a flexible tube with a camera. Before this test, the colon and rectum must be cleaned out to remove any stool [12][2].
• Biopsy: A biopsy involves taking a small sample of tissue from the affected area, which is then examined under a microscope for cancer cells. This is considered the most accurate way to diagnose KS [9][10].

Other Tests

In addition to these tests, doctors may also perform other examinations and tests to confirm a diagnosis of KS in the rectum, such as:

• Physical examination: A physical exam of the skin, mouth, and rectum may be performed to check for lesions or other abnormalities.
• Lymph node examination: The lymph nodes and lymphatic system are examined in detail to see if there is any involvement of cancer cells.
• Routine blood tests: Blood tests may be prescribed to rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.

References

[1] Learn about Kaposi sarcoma diagnosis tests here. ... Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is often found when a person goes to the doctor because of signs or symptoms they are having. [2] To do this exam, your provider puts a gloved, lubricated finger into your rectum to feel for lesions. Your stool may also be checked for blood. [3] A digital rectal exam (DRE) might also be done. This is because KS lesions can form inside the rectum. [4] Colonoscopy7 is used to look inside the large intestine (colon and rectum). [5] Before this test can be done, the colon and rectum must be cleaned out to remove any stool. [6] A digital rectal exam (DRE) might also be done. This is because KS lesions can form inside the rectum. [7] To do this exam, your provider puts a gloved, lubricated finger into your rectum to feel for lesions. [8] Your stool may also be checked for blood. [9] A biopsy involves taking a small sample of tissue from the affected area, which is then examined under a microscope for cancer cells. [10] This is considered the most accurate way to diagnose KS. [11] A digital rectal exam (DRE) might also be done. This is because KS lesions can form inside the rectum. [12] Colonoscopy7 is used to look inside the large intestine (colon and rectum).

Based on the available information, it appears that antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a crucial aspect of treating Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), including cases affecting the rectum.

• Antiretroviral therapy has been shown to be effective in controlling HIV infection, which in turn can help manage KS symptoms [4].
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