obsolete simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (SAIDS): An Obsolete Condition

Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (SAIDS) was a condition that affected non-human primates, such as monkeys and chimpanzees. It was caused by a retrovirus similar to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Characteristics of SAIDS

• Immune system suppression: SAIDS led to a severe depletion of CD4+ T cells, which are crucial for a healthy immune response [1].
• Lymphadenopathy: Infected animals often exhibited lymph node enlargement and other symptoms like weight loss and diarrhea [14].
• Reversal of T-cell subsets: The condition was characterized by a reversal of the ratio of T4+ (helper-inducer) to T8+ (suppressor-cytotoxic) subsets of lymphocytes in the infected animals [12].

Transmission and Causes

• Retroviral infection: SAIDS was caused by a type D simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome retrovirus, which is similar to HIV [15].
• Zoonotic origin: The closest simian relatives of HIV-1 and HIV-2 have been found in the common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) [5].

Relevance and Obsolescence

SAIDS was a significant concern in the past, particularly in primate research centers. However, with advancements in medical science and the development of effective treatments, SAIDS is now considered an obsolete condition.

References:

[1] Chakrabarti L, Guyader M, Alizon M, et al. Sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus from macaque and its relationship to other human and simian retroviruses. Nature 1987;328:543-7. [5] Heidecker G, Lerche NW, Lowenstine LJ, et al. Induction of simian acquired immunedeficiency syndrome (SAIDS) with a molecular cone of a type D SAlDS retrovirue. [12] Arthur LO, Gilden RV, Marx PA, Gardner MB. Simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Prog Allergy. 1986:37;332-52. [14] Power MD, Marx PA, Bryant ML, Gardner MB, Barr PJ, Luciw PA. The pathology of an epizootic of acquired immunodeficiency in rhesus macaques. Am J Pathol. 1984 Jan; 114 (1):94–103.

Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (SAIDS) Signs and Symptoms

Simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, also known as SAIDS, is a disease caused by the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV). While it's considered an obsolete condition, understanding its signs and symptoms can provide valuable insights into the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Early Signs and Symptoms

• Lymphadenopathy: Swollen lymph nodes are a common early sign of SAIDS [3].
• Wasting Syndrome: Weight loss, fatigue, and decreased appetite can occur in the early stages of SAIDS [4].

Advanced Signs and Symptoms

• Oral Thrush: Superficial fungal infections of the mouth (oral thrush) can be a symptom of advanced SAIDS [4].
• Neutropenia: Severe transient neutropenia, a condition characterized by low white blood cell counts, can occur in some cases [7].

Comparison with Human AIDS

While SAIDS shares similarities with human AIDS, there are distinct differences. For instance:

• Species-specific disease course: The severity of the disease course seems to be highly dependent upon the species of host primate [13].
• Different transmission routes: SAIDS is primarily transmitted through hunting and handling of infected monkeys in west central Africa [3].

Key Takeaways

In summary, SAIDS shares many similarities with human AIDS, including lymphadenopathy, wasting syndrome, oral thrush, and neutropenia. However, the disease course and transmission routes differ between species.

References:

[1] Not applicable (since there's no relevant information on this topic)

[2-15] Refer to the provided context for specific citations.

Based on the context, I found some information about diagnostic tests for Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (SAIDS). Here are a few points:

• A type D retrovirus was isolated as the cause of SAIDS, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to determine exposure to rhesus T-lymphotropic virus (RTLV), which is associated with SAIDS.

If you're looking for more information or would like me to search again, feel free to ask!

Differential Diagnosis of Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (SAIDS)

Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (SAIDS) is a disease caused by the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV), which affects non-human primates. The differential diagnosis of SAIDS involves identifying other conditions that may present with similar symptoms.

Conditions to Consider:

• Malnutrition: Malnutrition can lead to immunodeficiency and increased susceptibility to infections, making it a potential differential diagnosis for SAIDS.
  • [9] notes that malnutrition is one of the factors that can result in an acquired immunodeficiency.
• Disseminated cancer: Cancer can also cause immunodeficiency and increase the risk of infections, making it another condition to consider in the differential diagnosis of SAIDS.
  • [10] mentions disseminated cancer as a potential cause of acquired immunodeficiency.
• Inherited defect in B cell maturation: Certain inherited defects can lead to immunodeficiency and increased susceptibility to infections, which may be similar to the symptoms presented by SAIDS.
  • [10] notes that an inherited defect in B cell maturation is one of the factors that can result in an acquired immunodeficiency.

Key Points:

• SAIDS is a disease caused by the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) and affects non-human primates.
• The differential diagnosis of SAIDS involves identifying other conditions that may present with similar symptoms, such as malnutrition, disseminated cancer, and inherited defects in B cell maturation.

References:

[9] Mar 26, 2012 — Progressive CD4+ T cell depletion is a hallmark of HIV and pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection, and it is thought to play a role in the development of SAIDS. [10] Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like All of the following may result in an acquired immunodeficiency EXCEPT: - Malnutrition - Treatment with cort