gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma

Common Signs and Symptoms of Gastric Diffuse Adenocarcinoma

Gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma, also known as diffuse-type gastric cancer, is a type of stomach cancer that can be challenging to diagnose in its early stages. The symptoms associated with this condition are often nonspecific and can mimic those of other gastrointestinal disorders.

Common Symptoms:

• Abdominal pain or discomfort [7]
• Nausea and vomiting [3], [8]
• Trouble swallowing (dysphagia) [3]
• Loss of appetite [5], [8]
• Unintentional weight loss [7], [10]
• Melena or pallor from anemia [8]
• Hematemesis (vomiting blood) [5], [8]

Other Possible Symptoms:

• Diarrhea [1]
• Bloody or black stools [11]
• A palpable mass in the abdomen (in advanced stages) [11]

It's essential to note that many of these symptoms can be indicative of other conditions, and only a definitive diagnosis by a healthcare provider can confirm gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma.

Early-Stage Symptoms:

In its early stages, gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma may not cause any noticeable symptoms. However, as the cancer progresses, the above-mentioned symptoms may become more pronounced.

References:

• [1] - Trouble eating, diarrhea, nausea, bloody or black stools
• [3] - Stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
• [5] - Unexplained weight loss, severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, vomiting blood, tarry (dark, sticky) stools
• [7] - Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, trouble swallowing, loss of appetite, unintentional weight loss
• [8] - Indigestion, nausea or vomiting, dysphagia, postprandial fullness, loss of appetite, melena or pallor from anemia, hematemesis, weight loss
• [11] - Bloody or black stools, palpable mass in the abdomen (in advanced stages)

User query: What are some common tests used to diagnose stomach cancer?

Provided Context 1. The samples are checked to see if they contain cancer, and if they do, what kind it is (for example, intestinal or diffuse adenocarcinoma, carcinoid tumor, gastrointestinal stromal tumor [GIST], or lymphoma). If stomach cancer is found, more lab tests may be done on the biopsy samples to learn more about the cancer cells. 2. Examples include hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, Lynch syndrome, juvenile polyposis syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis. In other parts of the world where stomach cancer is much more common, tests to detect stomach cancer are used more widely. Upper endoscopy is the most common test used to detect stomach cancer. 3. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is the diagnostic imaging procedure of choice in the work-up of gastric carcinoma. 10 However, a double-contrast barium swallow, a cost-conscious, noninvasive, and ... 4. Apr 18, 2023 — This is necessary to diagnose stomach cancer, especially the diffuse type that lurks in small clusters of cells in your stomach lining. 5. Feb 12, 2020 — Imaging: If you have symptoms of HDGC, your doctor will use imaging scans such as ultrasound, CT, and PET to look at where the tumor is and how ... 6. The current screening recommendations are upper endoscopy with biopsies each year. Because hereditary diffuse stomach cancer is nearly impossible to detect at ... 7. by BJ Dicken · 2005 · Cited by 1067 — The diagnosis of gastric cancer requires histopathologic assessment of tissue or cytologic assessment of gastric brushing/washes. Several classification systems ... 8. Nov 2, 2024 — Esophagogastroduodenoscopy has a diagnostic accuracy of 95%. This relatively safe and simple procedure provides a permanent color ... 9. Radiologic tests, including a CT scan, barium swallow and MRI, can help identify tumors and other abnormalities that may be cancer-related. During a barium ... 10. Tests to diagnose stomach cancer. The following tests and procedures are used to diagnose stomach cancer. The results will also help you and your doctor plan treatment. Upper endoscopy with biopsy. Enlarge 11. Gastritis: Etiology and diagnosis; Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer is often diagnosed using a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and histopathological examination.

Response Common tests used to diagnose stomach cancer include:

• Upper endoscopy with biopsy (as mentioned in points 2, 6, and 10)
• Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) (point 3)
• Double-contrast barium swallow (point 3)
• Imaging scans such as ultrasound, CT, and PET (points 4 and 5)
• Radiologic tests including a CT scan, barium swallow, and MRI (point 9)

These tests can help identify tumors and other abnormalities that may be cancer-related, and provide valuable information for diagnosis and treatment planning.

Based on the provided context, it appears that drug treatment for gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma is a complex and evolving area.

• Pembrolizumab: While pembrolizumab has been compared to paclitaxel in the second-line treatment of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (KEYNOTE-061 trial), it did not significantly improve survival compared to paclitaxel [4].
• Other treatments: Surgery is still considered the backbone of primary treatment for localized disease, but many patients develop recurrence after curative surgery and require additional treatment [6]. Endoscopic mucosal resection is also a procedure that can be used to remove carcinoma in situ and early-stage cancer from the lining of the digestive tract [7].
• Radical surgery: Radical surgery is considered the primary treatment for resectable gastric cancer, with several therapeutic approaches established to lower the risk of recurrence [9].

It's worth noting that diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinoma poses significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to its widespread nature and lack of a well-defined tumor mass [14]. As such, treatment options may vary depending on individual patient factors.

In terms of specific drug treatments for gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma, there is limited information available. However, it's clear that surgery and endoscopic mucosal resection are still considered important treatment modalities, while pembrolizumab has shown promise in certain contexts but requires further investigation.

References:

[4] - Pembrolizumab was compared to paclitaxel in the second-line treatment of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in the randomized phase III KEYNOTE-061 trial. [6] - Surgery is the backbone of primary treatment for localized disease, but many patients develop recurrence after curative surgery and require additional treatment. [7] - Endoscopic mucosal resection is a procedure that uses an endoscope to remove carcinoma in situ and early-stage cancer from the lining of the digestive tract. [9] - Radical surgery is considered the primary treatment for resectable gastric cancer, with several therapeutic approaches established to lower the risk of recurrence. [14] - Diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinoma poses significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to its widespread nature and lack of a well-defined tumor mass.

Differential Diagnoses for Gastric Diffuse Adenocarcinoma

Gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma, also known as diffuse-type gastric cancer, is a distinct histopathologic and molecular disease characterized by mutations in CDH1, RHOA, and others [6]. When evaluating patients with this condition, it's essential to consider the following differential diagnoses:

• Acute Gastritis: This condition can present with similar symptoms to gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma, such as abdominal pain and weight loss. However, acute gastritis is typically a self-limiting condition that resolves on its own [2].
• Atrophic Gastritis: Atrophic gastritis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the stomach lining that can lead to atrophy of the gastric mucosa. While it shares some similarities with gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma, it is generally considered a distinct entity [1].
• Bacterial Gastroenteritis: Bacterial gastroenteritis, caused by infections such as H. pylori, can present with symptoms similar to gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma, including abdominal pain and diarrhea. However, bacterial gastroenteritis typically resolves within a few days without treatment [2].
• Chronic Gastritis: Chronic gastritis is a long-standing inflammatory condition of the stomach lining that can lead to atrophy of the gastric mucosa. While it shares some similarities with gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma, it is generally considered a distinct entity [2].
• Esophageal Cancer: Esophageal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the esophagus and can present with similar symptoms to gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma, such as difficulty swallowing and weight loss. However, esophageal cancer typically requires a different treatment approach than gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma [5].
• Gastric Lymphoma: Gastric lymphoma is a type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that affects the stomach and can present with similar symptoms to gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma, such as abdominal pain and weight loss. However, gastric lymphoma typically requires a different treatment approach than gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma [4].
• Gastric Stromal Tumor: Gastric stromal tumor is a rare type of cancer that affects the stomach and can present with similar symptoms to gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma, such as abdominal pain and weight loss. However, gastric stromal tumor typically requires a different treatment approach than gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma [4].
• Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumor (GNET): GNET is a rare type of cancer that affects the stomach and can present with similar symptoms to gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma, such as abdominal pain and weight loss. However, GNET typically requires a different treatment approach than gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma [4].

It's essential to note that these differential diagnoses are not exhaustive, and other conditions may also need to be considered when evaluating patients with gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma.

References:

[1] Context result 2 [2] Context result 2 [3] Context result 9 [4] Context result 4 [5] Context result 5 [6] Context result 6