metanephric adenoma

Metanephric adenoma, a rare benign tumor, can present with various signs and symptoms in some patients. While many cases are asymptomatic and discovered incidentally, others may experience:

• Abdominal pain: A common symptom that can range from mild to severe [6][9].
• Hematuria: Blood in the urine, which can be a sign of the tumor's presence [1][3][7][9].
• Fever (pyrexia): Some patients may experience fever, indicating an underlying infection or inflammation [3][9].
• Flank pain: Pain in the flank area, which can be a symptom of the tumor's growth [3].
• Abdominal mass: In some cases, a palpable abdominal mass may be detected during physical examination [6][9].
• Dysuria: Difficulty or pain while urinating [1].
• Hypertension: High blood pressure has been reported in some patients with metanephric adenoma [1][7].

It's essential to note that not all patients with metanephric adenoma will exhibit these symptoms, and many cases are asymptomatic. A definitive diagnosis is typically made through postoperative pathological findings.

References:

[1] by SJ Obulareddy · 2010 · Cited by 29 [3] Jan 11, 2024 [6] by L Zhang · 2020 · Cited by 6 [7] by A Mremi · 2023

Metanephric Adenoma: A Rare Benign Tumor

Metanephric adenoma is a rare and benign tumor that affects the kidneys. It is considered to be a type of renal epithelial neoplasm, accounting for 0.2-0.7% of adult cases.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

The clinical course of metanephric adenoma is often indolent, but diagnosis should not be delayed since symptoms such as hematuria, fever, palpable abdominal mass, and flank pain may be non-specific and overlap with those of other conditions [8]. The preoperative diagnosis of this disease is extremely challenging [4].

Treatment Options

The recommended treatment for metanephric adenoma is nephron sparing surgery, which involves removing the tumor while preserving the surrounding kidney tissue [5][1]. This approach is preferred over nephrectomy (removal of the entire kidney) if the tumor size is small. However, in some cases, chemotherapy combined with surgery may be considered [3].

Conservative Treatment

In patients with small tumors, conservative treatment or active surveillance may be possible, especially when choosing a treatment modality [7]. In fact, metanephric adenomas are considered benign and can often be left in place without any treatment needed [8].

Experience and Literature Review

A literature review of 10 cases and a retrospective analysis of the experience of diagnosis and management of metanephric adenoma have been conducted [9]. This study provides valuable insights into the clinical course, symptoms, and treatment options for this rare tumor.

In conclusion, metanephric adenoma is a rare benign tumor that requires careful consideration of treatment options. Nephron sparing surgery is recommended as the preferred treatment, while conservative treatment or active surveillance may be possible in some cases. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent complications and ensure optimal outcomes.

References

[1] S Hu (2022) - Nephron sparing surgery is recommended as the preferred treatment for metanephric adenoma. [3] S Hu (2022) - We describe a case of metanephric adenoma in a child less than 2 years old, which were treated by chemotherapy combined with surgery. [4] Y Takezawa (2017) - Metanephric adenoma should not be treated with nephrectomy if the tumor size is small. [5] S Hu (2022) - Nephron sparing surgery is recommended as the preferred treatment for metanephric adenoma. [7] - In patients with small tumors, conservative treatment or active surveillance may be possible, especially when choosing a treatment modality. [8] - Metanephric adenomas are considered benign and can often be left in place without any treatment needed. [9] - A literature review of 10 cases and a retrospective analysis of the experience of diagnosis and management of metanephric adenoma have been conducted.

Differential Diagnosis of Metanephric Adenoma

Metanephric adenoma, a rare benign tumor, can be challenging to diagnose due to its overlapping morphology with other renal neoplasms. The main differential diagnoses for metanephric adenoma include:

• Epithelial-predominant Wilms Tumor (WT): In pediatric patients, the differential diagnosis of metanephric adenoma is often epithelial-predominant WT.
• Solid Variant of Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma (sPRCC): In adults, the main differential diagnosis for metanephric adenoma is solid variant of papillary renal cell carcinoma.

Additional Differential Diagnoses

Other tumors that may be considered in the differential diagnosis of metanephric adenoma include:

• Nephrogenic Rests: These are small, benign lesions that can occur in the kidney and may resemble metanephric adenoma.
• Renal Papillary Neoplasms: These are rare, benign tumors that can occur in the kidney and may be considered in the differential diagnosis of metanephric adenoma.

Immunohistochemical Panel

An immunohistochemical panel consisting of WT1, CD57, CK7, and AMACR, in conjunction with H&E-stained slides, can help resolve most cases of metanephric adenoma. This panel can aid in distinguishing between metanephric adenoma and other renal neoplasms.

References

• [5] Metanephric adenoma is a benign renal neoplasm that overlaps in morphology with the solid variant of papillary renal cell carcinoma and epithelial-predominant nephroblastoma. (Source: #7)
• The main differential diagnosis of metanephric adenoma (MA) is epithelial-predominant Wilms tumor (WT) in pediatric patients and solid variant of papillary renal cell carcinoma (sPRCC) in adults. (Source: #12)
• Differential Diagnosis: The main differential diagnosis of metanephric adenoma (MA) is epithelial-predominant Wilms tumor (WT) in pediatric patients and solid variant of papillary renal cell carcinoma (sPRCC) in adults. (Source: #13)

Note: The numbers in parentheses refer to the source of the information, which are the context references provided.