ICD-10: F31.13

Bipolar disorder is a complex mental health condition characterized by significant mood swings, including episodes of mania and depression. The specific ICD-10 code F31.13 refers to "Bipolar disorder, current episode manic without psychotic features, severe." This classification provides essential information for clinicians, researchers, and healthcare providers regarding the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Clinical Description

Definition of Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic-depressive illness, involves alternating periods of elevated mood (mania or hypomania) and depressive episodes. The severity and duration of these episodes can vary significantly among individuals, impacting their daily functioning and quality of life[1].

Current Episode: Manic Without Psychotic Features

The designation "current episode manic" indicates that the individual is experiencing a manic episode at the time of diagnosis. A manic episode is characterized by an abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood lasting at least one week (or any duration if hospitalization is necessary). During this period, the individual may exhibit increased energy, decreased need for sleep, grandiosity, talkativeness, distractibility, and engagement in high-risk activities[2].

The term "without psychotic features" specifies that the individual does not experience delusions or hallucinations during this manic episode. This distinction is crucial, as the presence of psychotic features would indicate a more severe form of the disorder, often requiring different treatment approaches[3].

Severity: Severe

The classification of the episode as "severe" suggests that the symptoms significantly impair the individual's social or occupational functioning. This may manifest as an inability to maintain relationships, perform at work, or manage daily responsibilities. Severe manic episodes can lead to dangerous behaviors, including substance abuse or reckless spending, and may necessitate hospitalization for safety and stabilization[4].

Diagnostic Criteria

According to the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition), the criteria for diagnosing a manic episode include:

1. Mood Disturbance: A distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood.
2. Increased Activity or Energy: Accompanied by increased goal-directed activity or energy.
3. Duration: Lasting at least one week (or any duration if hospitalization is required).

4. Symptoms: During the period of mood disturbance, three (or more) of the following symptoms must be present:
   - Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
   - Decreased need for sleep (e.g., feeling rested after only 3 hours of sleep)
   - More talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking
   - Flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing
   - Easily distracted
   - Increase in goal-directed activities (either socially, at work or school, or sexually) or psychomotor agitation
   - Engaging in activities that hold a high potential for painful consequences (e.g., unrestrained spending sprees, sexual indiscretions, foolish business investments)

5. Functional Impairment: The mood disturbance is sufficiently severe to cause marked impairment in social or occupational functioning or to necessitate hospitalization to prevent harm to self or others[5].

Treatment Considerations

Management of bipolar disorder, particularly during a severe manic episode, typically involves a combination of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions. Medications such as mood stabilizers (e.g., lithium, valproate) and atypical antipsychotics may be prescribed to help stabilize mood and mitigate symptoms. Psychotherapy, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), can also be beneficial in providing coping strategies and support[6].

Conclusion

ICD-10 code F31.13 encapsulates a critical aspect of bipolar disorder, focusing on the current manic episode without psychotic features and its severity. Understanding this classification aids healthcare professionals in diagnosing and formulating effective treatment plans tailored to the individual's needs. Early intervention and comprehensive care are essential in managing bipolar disorder and improving the overall quality of life for those affected.

[1] Mood [affective] disorders (F30-F39)
[2] Bipolar Disorders
[3] For Clinicians: DSM-5 Diagnostic Codes for Bipolar Disorder
[4] Billing and Coding: Psychiatric Diagnostic Evaluation and ...
[5] 2025 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code F31.13
[6] Bipolar and related disorders and depressive ...

Bipolar disorder, particularly the subtype classified under ICD-10 code F31.13, refers to a current episode of mania without psychotic features that is categorized as severe. Understanding the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics associated with this condition is crucial for effective diagnosis and management.

Clinical Presentation

Definition and Overview

Bipolar disorder is characterized by extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). The specific subtype F31.13 indicates a current manic episode that is severe but does not include psychotic features such as hallucinations or delusions. This distinction is important as it influences treatment approaches and patient management strategies.

Manic Episode Characteristics

A manic episode is defined by a distinct period of abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, lasting at least one week (or any duration if hospitalization is necessary). In the case of F31.13, the episode is severe, which typically means that it significantly impairs social or occupational functioning or necessitates hospitalization to prevent harm to oneself or others.

Signs and Symptoms

Mood Symptoms

• Elevated Mood: Patients often exhibit an excessively euphoric or irritable mood.
• Increased Energy: A marked increase in energy levels and activity is common.
• Decreased Need for Sleep: Individuals may feel rested after only a few hours of sleep.

Cognitive Symptoms

• Racing Thoughts: Patients may experience rapid thought processes, making it difficult to focus.
• Distractibility: An inability to concentrate on tasks due to external stimuli.
• Grandiosity: An inflated sense of self-esteem or belief in one’s abilities, often leading to unrealistic plans.

Behavioral Symptoms

• Impulsivity: Engaging in risky behaviors, such as spending sprees, sexual indiscretions, or reckless driving.
• Increased Talkativeness: Often described as "pressured speech," where the individual talks more than usual and feels a compulsion to keep talking.

Physical Symptoms

• Hyperactivity: Increased physical activity, often leading to fatigue.
• Changes in Appetite: This may manifest as decreased appetite or weight loss due to hyperactivity.

Patient Characteristics

Demographics

• Age of Onset: Bipolar disorder typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood, although it can occur at any age.
• Gender: The disorder affects both genders, but the presentation may differ; men often experience more severe manic episodes, while women may have more depressive episodes.

Comorbid Conditions

• Substance Use Disorders: There is a high prevalence of substance abuse among individuals with bipolar disorder, which can complicate treatment.
• Anxiety Disorders: Many patients also experience anxiety disorders, which can exacerbate mood symptoms.

Family History

• Genetic Factors: A family history of bipolar disorder or other mood disorders can increase the risk of developing the condition, suggesting a genetic predisposition.

Conclusion

Bipolar disorder, current episode manic without psychotic features, severe (ICD-10 code F31.13), presents with a range of symptoms that significantly impact an individual's functioning. Recognizing the clinical signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics is essential for healthcare providers to deliver appropriate care and interventions. Early diagnosis and effective management strategies can help mitigate the severity of episodes and improve the overall quality of life for affected individuals. Understanding the nuances of this disorder is vital for both clinicians and patients in navigating the complexities of bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder, specifically classified under ICD-10 code F31.13 as "current episode manic without psychotic features, severe," is a complex mental health condition. Understanding its alternative names and related terms can enhance clarity in clinical discussions and documentation. Below is a detailed overview of the terminology associated with this diagnosis.

Alternative Names for F31.13

1. Bipolar I Disorder, Current Manic Episode: This term emphasizes the classification of bipolar disorder as a type I disorder, where manic episodes are predominant.
2. Severe Manic Episode: This phrase highlights the severity of the current manic episode, indicating significant impairment in functioning.
3. Manic Episode without Psychotic Features: This description specifies the absence of psychotic symptoms, such as delusions or hallucinations, which can occur in other forms of bipolar disorder.

Related Terms

1. Mania: A state characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and often impulsive behavior, which is central to the diagnosis of F31.13.
2. Hypomania: A milder form of mania that may precede or follow a manic episode but is not classified under F31.13.
3. Mood Disorders: A broader category that includes bipolar disorder and other affective disorders, such as major depressive disorder.
4. Affective Disorders: This term encompasses mood disorders, including bipolar disorder, emphasizing the emotional aspects of the condition.
5. Bipolar Spectrum Disorders: A term that includes various forms of bipolar disorder, recognizing the spectrum of symptoms and severity.

Clinical Context

In clinical practice, it is essential to differentiate between various types of bipolar disorder and their episodes. The terminology used can impact treatment decisions, insurance coding, and patient understanding. For instance, recognizing the absence of psychotic features in F31.13 is crucial for determining appropriate therapeutic interventions and managing patient expectations.

Conclusion

Understanding the alternative names and related terms for ICD-10 code F31.13 is vital for healthcare professionals involved in diagnosing and treating bipolar disorder. Clear communication using these terms can facilitate better patient care and ensure accurate documentation in medical records. If you have further questions or need additional information on this topic, feel free to ask!

Bipolar disorder, classified under ICD-10 code F31.13, refers to a current episode of mania without psychotic features that is severe in nature. This condition is characterized by an elevated mood, increased energy, and other symptoms that significantly impair functioning. The treatment approaches for this specific diagnosis typically involve a combination of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic strategies. Below is a detailed overview of standard treatment approaches.

Pharmacological Treatment

1. Mood Stabilizers

Mood stabilizers are often the first line of treatment for managing manic episodes in bipolar disorder. Commonly used medications include:

• Lithium: This is a classic mood stabilizer that has been shown to be effective in reducing the frequency and severity of manic episodes. Regular monitoring of serum lithium levels is essential to avoid toxicity[1].
• Valproate (Divalproex Sodium): This anticonvulsant is also effective in treating mania and is particularly useful for patients who may not respond to lithium[2].
• Carbamazepine: Another anticonvulsant that can be used as a mood stabilizer, especially in cases where lithium is ineffective or contraindicated[3].

2. Atypical Antipsychotics

While the episode is classified as "without psychotic features," atypical antipsychotics can still be beneficial in managing severe manic symptoms. Medications in this category include:

• Olanzapine: Known for its rapid onset of action in treating acute mania[4].
• Quetiapine: Effective for both manic and depressive episodes, it can help stabilize mood[5].
• Risperidone: Often used for its efficacy in controlling manic symptoms[6].

3. Benzodiazepines

In some cases, benzodiazepines may be prescribed for short-term management of agitation and anxiety associated with manic episodes. However, they are not recommended for long-term use due to the risk of dependence[7].

Psychotherapeutic Approaches

1. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

CBT can be effective in helping patients understand their condition, recognize early signs of mania, and develop coping strategies. It focuses on modifying negative thought patterns and behaviors that can exacerbate mood episodes[8].

2. Psychoeducation

Educating patients and their families about bipolar disorder is crucial. Understanding the nature of the illness, treatment options, and the importance of medication adherence can empower patients and reduce stigma[9].

3. Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT)

This therapy emphasizes the importance of maintaining regular daily routines and social rhythms, which can help stabilize mood and prevent episodes of mania and depression[10].

Monitoring and Follow-Up

Regular follow-up appointments are essential to monitor the effectiveness of treatment and make necessary adjustments. This includes:

• Medication Management: Regular assessments to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of medications.
• Psychiatric Evaluation: Ongoing evaluations to monitor mood stability and overall mental health.
• Support Systems: Encouraging participation in support groups or therapy sessions to foster a supportive environment for recovery[11].

Conclusion

The treatment of bipolar disorder, current episode manic without psychotic features (ICD-10 code F31.13), requires a comprehensive approach that combines pharmacological interventions with psychotherapeutic strategies. By utilizing mood stabilizers, atypical antipsychotics, and therapeutic modalities like CBT and psychoeducation, healthcare providers can effectively manage symptoms and improve the quality of life for individuals affected by this condition. Regular monitoring and support are vital components of successful long-term management.

Bipolar disorder is a complex mental health condition characterized by significant mood swings, including manic and depressive episodes. The specific diagnosis of Bipolar disorder, current episode manic without psychotic features, severe is denoted by the ICD-10 code F31.13. To accurately diagnose this condition, clinicians rely on established criteria from both the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5).

Diagnostic Criteria for Bipolar Disorder (ICD-10 and DSM-5)

1. Manic Episode Criteria

According to the DSM-5, a manic episode is defined by the following criteria:

• Duration: The episode must last at least one week (or any duration if hospitalization is necessary).
• Mood Changes: The individual experiences an abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood.
• Increased Activity or Energy: There is a significant increase in goal-directed activities (either socially, at work or school, or sexually) or physical restlessness.
• Symptoms: During the episode, three (or more) of the following symptoms must be present:
• Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
• Decreased need for sleep (e.g., feeling rested after only 3 hours of sleep)
• More talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking
• Flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing
• Easily distracted
• Increase in goal-directed activities (either socially, at work or school, or sexual) or psychomotor agitation
• Engaging in activities that hold a high potential for painful consequences (e.g., unrestrained spending sprees, sexual indiscretions, foolish business investments)

2. Severity and Absence of Psychotic Features

For the diagnosis of F31.13, the following additional considerations are crucial:

• Severity: The episode is classified as severe if it causes marked impairment in social or occupational functioning or necessitates hospitalization to prevent harm to self or others.
• Without Psychotic Features: The absence of psychotic features means that the individual does not experience delusions or hallucinations during the manic episode. This distinction is important as it influences treatment approaches and prognosis.

3. Exclusion of Other Conditions

To confirm the diagnosis of F31.13, it is essential to rule out other mental health disorders that may present with similar symptoms, such as:

• Substance-Induced Mood Disorder: Symptoms should not be attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., drug abuse, medication).
• Medical Conditions: The manic episode should not be better explained by a medical condition (e.g., hyperthyroidism).

Conclusion

The diagnosis of Bipolar disorder, current episode manic without psychotic features, severe (ICD-10 code F31.13) requires careful assessment based on the outlined criteria. Clinicians must evaluate the duration, severity, and specific symptoms of the manic episode while ensuring that other potential causes are ruled out. This comprehensive approach is vital for effective treatment planning and management of the disorder.