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obsolete Trichophyton soudanense tinea capitis

ICD-10 Codes

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Description

Obsolescence of Trichophyton soudanense in Tinea Capitis

Trichophyton soudanense was once considered a common cause of tinea capitis, particularly in parts of Africa and West Asia [10]. However, it is now less frequently reported as a causative agent of this fungal infection.

Reasons for Obsolescence

The decline in the incidence of Trichophyton soudanense-related tinea capitis can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, improved diagnostic techniques have enabled healthcare professionals to identify other dermatophytes that were previously overlooked [9]. Secondly, changes in environmental and socioeconomic conditions may have contributed to a reduction in the prevalence of this particular fungal infection.

Current Status

While Trichophyton soudanense is still mentioned in some medical literature as a potential cause of tinea capitis, it is no longer considered a major public health concern. The focus has shifted towards other dermatophytes, such as Microsporum audouinii and Trichophyton violaceum, which are now more commonly associated with this infection [7].

Implications

The obsolescence of Trichophyton soudanense in tinea capitis highlights the importance of ongoing research and surveillance to stay up-to-date with the latest information on fungal infections. This knowledge can inform healthcare policies and practices, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

References:

[9] by A Bennassar · 2010 · Cited by 109 [10] Oct 22, 2024 [7] by D Donghi · 2011 · Cited by 45

Additional Characteristics

  • Trichophyton soudanense was once a common cause of tinea capitis
  • Improved diagnostic techniques enable identification of other dermatophytes
  • Changes in environmental and socioeconomic conditions may have contributed to reduced prevalence
  • Focus has shifted towards Microsporum audouinii and Trichophyton violaceum as more common causes
  • Ongoing research and surveillance is important for staying up-to-date on fungal infections

Signs and Symptoms

Clinical Manifestations of Obsolete Trichophyton soudanense Tinea Capitis

Tinea capitis caused by Trichophyton soudanense, a type of dermatophyte fungus, can manifest in various ways. According to the available information [3], the clinical findings associated with this condition include:

  • Scaling and Alopecia: The most common symptoms are scaling and hair loss on the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes [1].
  • Inflammatory and Pustular Plaques: In some cases, the infection can cause large inflammatory and pustular plaques with extensive alopecia [2].
  • Saucer-Shaped Crusted Lesions (Favus): A chronic, scarring form of tinea capitis characterized by saucer-shaped crusted lesions or scutula and permanent hair loss [4].

Other Signs and Symptoms

Additionally, the following signs and symptoms may be present:

  • Erythema: Redness and inflammation on the scalp [5].
  • Pruritus: Itching sensation on the affected area [7].
  • Fractured Hairs: Fractured hairs of different length may be observed [8].

Diagnostic Markers

Corkscrew hair has been identified as a new diagnostic marker for tinea capitis caused by Trichophyton soudanense [9]. Dermoscopic evaluation of the scalp in suspected cases may represent a rapid diagnostic tool.

References:

[1] Context result 1 [2] Context result 2 [3] Context result 3 [4] Context result 4 [5] Context result 5 [7] Context result 7 [8] Context result 8 [9] Context result 10

Additional Symptoms

  • Pruritus
  • Erythema
  • Scaling and Alopecia
  • Inflammatory and Pustular Plaques
  • Saucer-Shaped Crusted Lesions (Favus)
  • Fractured Hairs

Diagnostic Tests

Diagnostic Tests for Obsolete Trichophyton soudanense Tinea Capitis

Tinea capitis, also known as ringworm of the scalp, is a fungal infection that affects the hair follicles and scalp. Trichophyton soudanense was one of the causative agents of this condition, but it has been largely replaced by other species such as Trichophyton tonsurans.

The diagnostic tests for tinea capitis caused by Trichophyton soudanense are similar to those used for other forms of the disease. Here are some of the key tests:

  • Microscopic examination: A sample from the affected area is examined under a microscope using a potassium hydroxide (KOH) wet mount preparation. This can help identify fungal elements such as hyphae and spores.
  • Fungal culture: A sample from the affected area is cultured on a medium such as Sabouraud agar to isolate the fungus. This can take several days to weeks, but it can provide a definitive diagnosis.
  • PCR-ELISA: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be used to detect specific DNA sequences of the fungus.

It's worth noting that these tests are not specific for Trichophyton soudanense, but rather for tinea capitis in general. The diagnosis is often made based on clinical presentation and supported by laboratory findings.

References:

  • [1] Direct microscopic examination was performed in a 5% KOH solution to examine the hair and scalp scrapings (Source: #8)
  • [2] Fungal culture was used to isolate the fungus from the affected area (Source: #9)
  • [3] PCR-ELISA was used to detect specific DNA sequences of the fungus (Source: #7)

Additional Diagnostic Tests

  • Fungal culture
  • Microscopic examination
  • PCR-ELISA

Treatment

Treatment Options for Obsolete Trichophyton soudanense Tinea Capitis

Tinea capitis caused by Trichophyton soudanense is a rare and obsolete form of fungal infection affecting the scalp. While it's not commonly encountered, there are some treatment options that have been explored in the past.

  • Griseofulvin: This antifungal medication has been found to be effective against T. soudanense [3][8]. However, its use is limited due to the availability of newer antifungal agents.
  • Terbinafine: Systemic terbinafine has been shown to be as effective as systemic griseofulvin in treating tinea capitis caused by Trichophyton spp, including T. soudanense [5]. Treatment duration may vary depending on the individual case.
  • Itraconazole and Fluconazole: These oral antifungal agents have also been used to treat tinea capitis caused by T. soudanense, although their efficacy rates and potential adverse effects are not as well-documented as those of terbinafine [2].

It's essential to note that treatment of tinea capitis typically requires systemic antifungal therapy, and the choice of medication may depend on various factors, including the severity of the infection, patient age, and potential side effects.

References:

  • [1] P Nenoff · 2018
  • [2] A Bennassar · 2010
  • [3] Oct 2, 2024
  • [5] by S Norrenberg · 2020
  • [8] by SS Magill · 2007

Recommended Medications

💊 Drug information is sourced from ChEBI (Chemical Entities of Biological Interest) database. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any medication. Click on any medication name for detailed information.

Differential Diagnosis

The differential diagnosis for obsolete Trichophyton soudanense tinea capitis, a type of fungal infection of the scalp and hair, is extensive and includes various conditions that can cause similar symptoms. According to medical literature [3], the following are some of the key differential diagnoses:

  • Alopecia areata: This is an autoimmune condition that causes patchy hair loss on the scalp. While it may resemble tinea capitis in appearance, alopecia areata does not involve fungal infection and typically does not cause scaling or inflammation.
  • Atopic dermatitis: Also known as eczema, this is a chronic skin condition characterized by dryness, itching, and inflammation. It can affect the scalp and may be difficult to distinguish from non-inflammatory tinea capitis [13].
  • Folliculitis: This is an inflammation of the hair follicles, which can cause redness, swelling, and pus-filled bumps on the scalp.
  • Impetigo: A highly contagious bacterial skin infection that can cause red sores or blisters on the face, neck, and scalp.
  • Lupus erythematosus: A chronic autoimmune disease that can affect the skin, joints, and other organs. It may cause a range of symptoms, including hair loss and scaling on the scalp.
  • Psoriasis: A chronic skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches on the scalp and elsewhere on the body.
  • Seborrheic dermatitis: This is a common skin condition that causes flaky, itchy patches on the scalp and face. While it may resemble tinea capitis in appearance, seborrhe

Additional Information

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It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with questions about your medical condition.