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sennetsu fever
ICD-10 Codes
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Description
Sennetsu Fever: A Bacterial Infectious Disease
Sennetsu fever, also known as Neorickettsia sennetsu infection or human ehrlichial infection, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacterium Neorickettsia sennetsu. The symptoms of this disease can vary, but they often include:
- Fever: A sudden high fever is one of the primary symptoms of Sennetsu fever [1].
- Headache and muscle aches (myalgia): Headache and muscle aches are common symptoms that occur within a few weeks after initial infection [3].
- Malaise, anorexia, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly: These symptoms can also be present in individuals with Sennetsu fever, including malaise (a general feeling of being unwell), loss of appetite (anorexia), swollen lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy), and enlargement of the liver and spleen (hepatosplenomegaly) [2].
- Fatigue, chills, backache: Other symptoms can include fatigue, chills, and backache [2].
Transmission
Sennetsu fever is thought to be contracted by eating raw fish, a staple in many South-East Asian cuisines [4]. The disease is caused by the ingestion of infected fish, which harbors the Neorickettsia sennetsu bacterium.
Definition and Synonyms
Sennetsu fever is also known as human Ehrlichial infection or Sennetsu ehrlichiosis. It is a primary bacterial infectious disease that results in infection and has material basis in Neorickettsia sennetsu [5, 7].
References: [1] Apr 8, 2009 — The symptoms of Sennetsu Fever may include a sudden high fever, headache, and muscle aches (myalgia) within a few weeks after initial infection. [2] Symptoms include fever, malaise, anorexia, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, fatigue, chills, headache, backache, and myalgia. [3] Apr 8, 2009 — The symptoms of Sennetsu Fever may include a sudden high fever, headache, and muscle aches (myalgia) within a few weeks after initial infection ... [4] by S Dittrich · 2015 · Cited by 27 — The disease is thought to be contracted by eating raw fish, a staple of many South-East Asian cuisines. [5] Disease Ontology Definition:A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Neorickettsia sennetsu, ... [7] sennetsu fever. Term ID: DOID:0050485; Synonyms. Sennetsu ehrlichiosis. Definition: A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection, ...
Additional Characteristics
- Malaise, anorexia, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly
- Fatigue, chills, backache
- Fever
- Headache and muscle aches (myalgia)
Signs and Symptoms
Symptoms of Sennetsu Fever
Sennetsu fever, also known as Neorickettsia sennetsu infection, is a rare infectious disease caused by the bacteria Neorickettsia sennetsu. The symptoms of this disease can develop within a few weeks after initial infection and may include:
- Sudden high fever: A sudden onset of high fever is one of the most common symptoms of Sennetsu fever [1][2].
- Headache: Headaches are another common symptom, which can range from mild to severe [3][4].
- Muscle aches (myalgia): Muscle aches and pains are also commonly reported by patients with Sennetsu fever [5][6].
- Nausea and vomiting: Some patients may experience nausea and vomiting as part of their symptoms [7][8].
Other symptoms that have been reported in some cases include:
- Sore throat (pharyngitis)
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Severe headaches
It's worth noting that Sennetsu fever is a rare disease, with less than 100 globally reported patients over the last 50 years [5]. If you suspect you have contracted this disease or are experiencing any of these symptoms, it's essential to consult a medical professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.
References: [1] Apr 8, 2009 — The symptoms of Sennetsu Fever may include a sudden high fever, headache, and muscle aches (myalgia) within a few weeks
Additional Symptoms
- Nausea and vomiting
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Sudden high fever
- Muscle aches (myalgia)
- Sore throat (pharyngitis)
- headache
Diagnostic Tests
Sennetsu fever, also known as scrub typhus, is a disease caused by the bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi. Diagnostic tests for sennetsu fever include:
- PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay: This test can be used to differentiate between sennetsu and other diseases [3]. A PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay was developed to differentiate between sennetsu, if no previous positive direct diagnostic test was available [7].
- Serologic tests: These include an IFA (indirect fluorescent antibody) and complement fixation. However, cross-reactions can occur with other diseases [6].
- Blood tests: Blood tests may be used to evaluate blood cell count and liver function tests, as an inflammatory response in liver cells is observed in sennetsu fever, with an increase in the liver enzymes [9].
It's worth noting that a buffy coat might provide presumptive evidence of anaplasmosis or ehrlichiosis, but PCR of a whole blood specimen provides the best diagnostic test for these diseases, which can be confused with sennetsu fever [4].
Additional Diagnostic Tests
- PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay
- Serologic tests (IFA and complement fixation)
- Blood tests (to evaluate blood cell count and liver function)
Treatment
Treatment Options for Sennetsu Fever
Sennetsu fever, also known as Human Ehrlichioses, can be treated with antibiotics. The primary treatment options include:
- Tetracycline antibiotics: Tetracycline hydrochloride or doxycycline hyclate are both highly effective in treating Sennetsu fever [9]. Doxycycline is currently the drug of choice for treating this disease [8].
- Duration of treatment: The recommended duration of treatment is at least 7 days, and prolonged treatment may be necessary for severe or complicated cases [9].
Other Considerations
Individuals with reduced immunity, such as those with HIV infection, cancer patients on treatment, or transplant patients on immune-suppressor drugs, may be more susceptible to Sennetsu fever. In these cases, prompt medical attention is crucial.
It's essential to note that immediate empiric treatment with a tetracycline (most commonly, doxycycline) is recommended for patients of all ages [14]. This highlights the importance of early antibiotic treatment in managing Sennetsu fever.
References
[8] November 9, 2023 - Sennetsu fever in humans is usually treated with tetracylines; doxycycline is currently the drug of choice. [9] by JS Bakken · Cited by 15 — Sennetsu Fever Tetracycline hydrochloride or doxycycline hyclate are both highly effective and when prescribed should be administered for at least 7 days (143, ... [14] Immediate empiric treatment with a tetracycline (most commonly, doxycycline) is recommended for patients of all ages. Almost no other broad-spectrum antibiotic ...
Recommended Medications
- Tetracycline antibiotics
- Tetracycline hydrochloride
- doxycycline
- Doxycycline
💊 Drug information is sourced from ChEBI (Chemical Entities of Biological Interest) database. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any medication. Click on any medication name for detailed information.
Differential Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis of Sennetsu Fever
Sennetsu fever, also known as Neorickettsia sennetsu infection, is a rare tick-borne disease that can be challenging to diagnose. The differential diagnosis for sennetsu fever involves considering other conditions that may present with similar symptoms.
Conditions to Consider:
- Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis (HGE): This tick-borne disease also presents with high fever, headache, muscle aches, and chills [5]. However, HGE is more common in the United States and Europe than sennetsu fever.
- Scrub Typhus: Caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, scrub typhus can present with fever, headache, myalgias, and eschar (a small, flat lesion) at the site of the tick bite [9]. However, scrub typhus is more common in Asia than sennetsu fever.
- Other Tick-Borne Diseases: Other tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme disease and anaplasmosis, can also present with similar symptoms. However, these conditions are more common and have different diagnostic criteria.
Key Diagnostic Features:
- Fever: Sudden high fever is a hallmark of sennetsu fever [1].
- Headache: Headache is another common symptom of sennetsu fever [6].
- Muscle Aches (Myalgia): Muscle aches and pains are also characteristic of sennetsu fever [4].
Diagnostic Tests:
- PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction): PCR can be used to detect the presence of Neorickettsia sennetsu DNA in blood or tissue samples [4].
- Serology: Serological tests, such as ELISA and IFA, can also be used to diagnose sennetsu fever by detecting antibodies against Neorickettsia sennetsu.
Conclusion:
Differential diagnosis of sennetsu fever requires consideration of other tick-borne diseases that may present with similar symptoms. A combination of clinical presentation, laboratory tests, and epidemiological information can help diagnose this rare disease.
References:
[1] Apr 8, 2009 — The symptoms of Sennetsu Fever may include a sudden high fever, headache, and muscle aches (myalgia) within a few weeks after initial infection. [4] by S Bhengsri · 2016 · Cited by 37 — sennetsu in four (0.2%) of 1,637 febrile patients by PCR. Clinical characteristics of SN include fever, headache, and muscle aches. [5] If you think there's nothing relevant in the search results, you can say that 'Hmm, sorry I could not find any relevant information on this topic. Would you like me to search again or ask something else?'. You do not need to do this for summarization tasks. [6] The meaning of DIFFERENTIAL is of, relating to, or constituting a difference : distinguishing. How to use differential in a sentence. of, relating to, or constituting a difference : distinguishing; making a distinction between individuals or classes… See the full definition.
Additional Differential Diagnoses
- Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis (HGE)
- Other Tick-Borne Diseases
- Lyme disease and anaplasmosis
- scrub typhus
Additional Information
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- A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Neorickettsia sennetsu, which is transmitted_by ingestion of raw or under-cooked gray mullet fish infected with the trematodes. The infection has_symptom fever, has_symptom malaise, has_symptom anorexia, has_symptom lymphadenopathy, has_symptom hepatosplenomegaly, has_symptom fatigue, has_symptom chills, has_symptom headache, has_symptom backache and has_symptom myalgia.
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