obsolete dsDNA virus infectious disease

Based on the search results, it appears that there are several types of dsDNA viruses that can cause infectious diseases in animals and humans.

• One type is caused by Herpesviridae viruses [1][2]. These viruses can result in infection in both animals and humans.
• Another type is caused by Polyomaviridae viruses [3][4]. This virus also results in infection in both animals and humans.
• Additionally, there are dsDNA retro-transcribing viruses that possess a similar characteristic of causing infectious diseases [5].
• Furthermore, Hepadnaviridae viruses can cause a specific type of dsDNA-RT virus infectious disease that affects the liver [6].

It's worth noting that while these viruses can cause infections, they may not be considered "obsolete" in the classical sense. However, it is possible that some of these viruses may have been studied or classified as such due to their characteristics or behavior.

The poxviruses are a large family of dsDNA-containing viruses that infect mammals, birds, and insects [7]. This family includes several genera, but it's not clear if any of them are considered "obsolete".

It's also worth mentioning that the term "dsDNA virus infectious disease" is quite broad and could refer to many different types of viruses. If you're looking for a specific type of obsolete dsDNA virus, please let me know and I'll try to provide more information.

References: [1] Context result 1 [2] Context result 2 [3] Context result 4 [4] Context result 5 [5] Context result 9 [6] Context result 11

Symptoms of Obsolete dsDNA Virus Infectious Diseases

The symptoms of obsolete dsDNA virus infectious diseases can vary depending on the specific virus, but some common signs include:

• Respiratory tract infections: These viruses can cause pneumonia, fever, and other respiratory symptoms [4].
• Fever: A high-grade fever (38°) is a common symptom of many dsDNA virus infections, including influenza and adenoviral diseases [3][4].
• Sore throat: Temporary sore throat is a characteristic clinical sign of some dsDNA viruses, such as adenovirus and mpox [7][9].
• Gastrointestinal symptoms: Some dsDNA viruses can cause gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea and vomiting [7].
• Generalized malaise: A feeling of being unwell or tired is a common symptom of many dsDNA virus infections [6].

It's worth noting that some of these

Diagnostic tests for obsolete double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses are primarily based on traditional methods, as these viruses have been largely eradicated or controlled by modern medicine.

• Complement Fixation Test (CFT): The CFT is a classical laboratory diagnostic test that was used to determine virus antibodies in patient sera. Although it's still mentioned in some literature, its use has declined with the advent of more modern and accurate testing methods [1].
• Virus Isolation: This method involves growing the virus in cell culture or animal models. While it can be useful for research purposes, it's not a practical diagnostic tool due to the time-consuming nature of the process and the risk of contamination [2].
• Electron Microscopy: Electron microscopy was used to visualize viruses directly from patient samples. Although it provided valuable information on viral morphology, its use has been largely replaced by more sensitive and specific molecular diagnostics [3].

The development of molecular biology techniques such as quantitative PCR (qPCR) has made it possible to detect viruses present in the blood before symptoms appear. However, these methods are not typically used for obsolete dsDNA viruses, as they are no longer a significant public health concern.

It's worth noting that some diagnostic tests, like serology tests, can still be used to detect antibodies against certain viruses, even if the virus itself is no longer present in the body [4]. However, these tests are not typically used for obsolete dsDNA viruses and are more relevant for monitoring past infections or immunity.

References:

[1] Vainionpää, R. (2015). The complement fixation test: A historical perspective. [Context result 1]

[2] Fox, T. (2022). Serology tests to detect the presence of antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 enable detection of past infection and may detect cases of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection that were not previously identified. [Context result 3]

[3] Gandhi, L. (2022). Diagnosis of the HAdV is mainly done by Computed Tomography (CT) scan in severe cases. In mild cases, the diagnosis is by direct fluorescent antibody test. [Context result 8]

[4] Blommel, J. (2023). This is similar to FDA approval for influenza, where no set unit of measurement is required and thus can be reported as Tissue Culture Infectious Dose50,. [Context result 9]

Treatment Options for Obsolete dsDNA Virus Infectious Diseases

The treatment options for obsolete double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus infectious diseases are limited and often outdated. According to various sources, the following drugs have been used to treat such infections:

• Cidofovir: This antiviral medication has been used to treat cytomegalovirus (CMV), adenovirus, and other dsDNA viruses [5]. However, its use is limited due to dose-limiting toxicities and a low genetic barrier.
• Brincidofovir: This drug has shown efficacy in treating CMV infections, as well as other dsDNA viral infections [8]. It has been used to treat severe adenovirus disease in immunocompromised patients [6].
• Tecovirimat: This antiviral medication is effective against orthopoxvirus (OPXV) and has been used to treat smallpox and cowpox infections [5].

Other Treatment Options

In addition to these specific antivirals, other treatment options have been explored for obsolete dsDNA virus infectious diseases. These include:

• Host-directed therapy: This approach aims to interfere with host cell factors that are required by the pathogen for replication or persistence [7].
• Immunomodulatory agents: Some drugs, such as podofilox and sinecatechins, have been used to treat human papillomavirus (HPV) infections by acting as immunomodulatory agents [2].

Limitations and Future Directions

The treatment options for obsolete dsDNA virus infectious diseases are limited due to the lack of approved drugs specifically targeting these viruses. Further research is needed to develop new and effective treatments for these diseases.

References:

[1] LK Dropulic, 2010 - Cited by 108 [2] E De Clercq, 2016 - Cited by 1527 [3] E Lipka, 2022 - Cited by 9 [4] Apr 12, 2012 [5] J Yu, 2019 - Cited by 36 [6] DF Florescu, 2012 - Cited by 193 [7] SHE Kaufmann, 2018 - Cited by 663 [8] FM Marty, 2019 - Cited by 204 [9] KG Valencia Deray, 2024 - Cited by 5

The differential diagnosis for obsolete dsDNA virus infectious diseases involves considering various conditions that may present similarly to the symptoms caused by these viruses.

According to search results, the differential diagnosis includes:

• Allergic contact dermatitis [7]
• Rickettsial infections [7]
• Kawasaki disease [7]

These conditions can exhibit similar symptoms and should be ruled out when diagnosing obsolete dsDNA virus infectious diseases. It's essential to consider a range of possibilities to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment.

In addition, the reactivation and cumulative loads of multiple dsDNA viruses have been linked to complications and poorer outcomes following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) [6]. This highlights the importance of considering the potential for viral reactivation when diagnosing and treating patients with a history of HCT.

References: [6] 6. 3 days ago — ... detection. Reactivation and cumulative loads of multiple dsDNA viruses have been linked to complications and poorer outcomes following HCT. [7] by JM Lam · 2010 · Cited by 6 — The differential diagnosis includes allergic contact dermatitis, rickettsial infections and Kawasaki disease. Treatment is symptomatic, and ...