jejunal adenocarcinoma

Jejunal adenocarcinoma, also known as small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA), is a rare type of cancer that affects the jejunum, which is the middle part of the small intestine. It is a malignant tumor that accounts for less than 2% of gastrointestinal tumors [2].

The symptoms of jejunal adenocarcinoma can be non-specific and may include abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss, blood in the stools, and iron deficiency anemia [3]. In some cases, it can cause small bowel obstruction, which is a blockage of the intestine that prevents food from passing through [5].

Jejunal adenocarcinomas are usually constricting apple-core lesions, which means they appear as a narrow, constricted area in the intestine [8]. They can also be seen as a circumferential area of irregular mural thickening on imaging studies [9].

It's worth noting that jejunal adenocarcinoma is challenging to diagnose and often presents at a late stage, which makes treatment more difficult and prognosis poorer [7]. A high index of suspicion should be maintained when considering the diagnosis of this rare cancer.

References: [2] - Small bowel adenocarcinomas are rare malignant tumors that account for less than 2% of gastrointestinal tumors. [3] - Adenocarcinoma of jejunum is a rare cause of iron deficiency anemia. Considering its non-specific presenting symptoms, a high index of suspicion should be ... [5] - This neoplasm is recognized as a rare cause of small bowel complications such as obstruction [5]. [7] - Adenocarcinoma of the small bowel (SBA) is challenging to diagnose, often presents at a late stage and has a poor prognosis. The treatment of ... [8] - Jejunal and ileal adenocarcinomas are usually constricting apple-core lesions, which are large ... [9] - Adenocarcinoma of jejunum, seen as a circumferential area of irregular mural thickening.

Jejunal adenocarcinoma, a rare type of cancer that affects the small intestine, can present with various signs and symptoms. According to medical literature [8], the most common clinical symptoms include:

• Abdominal pain or discomfort
• Weight loss
• Vomiting
• Nausea

These symptoms are often vague and non-specific, making it challenging for healthcare providers to diagnose jejunal adenocarcinoma early on [3]. In some cases, patients may also experience constipation or changes in bowel habits.

It's essential to note that the prevalence rate of jejunal adenocarcinoma is relatively low, at 0.6% in the United States [12]. However, if you're experiencing any of these symptoms, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and diagnosis.

In addition to these symptoms, research suggests that patients with jejunal adenocarcinoma may also present with signs of small bowel obstruction (SBO), such as abdominal distension, vomiting, and constipation [3]. A timely diagnosis is critical in improving patient outcomes.

References: [3] - Jejunal adenocarcinoma classically presents with vague clinical symptoms, i.e., abdominal pain, discomfort, and weight loss, making timely diagnosis challenging. [8] - Jejunal adenocarcinoma typically presents with abdominal pain, discomfort, and weight loss. [12] - The prevalence rate of jejunal adenocarcinoma is 0.6% in the United States.

Jejunal adenocarcinoma, a type of small intestine cancer, can be challenging to diagnose due to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms. However, various diagnostic tests can help identify this condition.

Tests for Jejunal Adenocarcinoma:

• Medical history and physical exam: A thorough medical history and physical examination by a healthcare provider can help identify potential signs of jejunal adenocarcinoma, such as abdominal pain, weight loss, or changes in bowel habits [1].
• Blood tests: Blood tests, including a complete blood count (CBC), may be performed to rule out other conditions that could cause similar symptoms. However, blood tests cannot detect small bowel cancer directly [2].
• Imaging tests: Imaging tests such as computed tomography (CT) scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can help identify tumors in the small intestine. These tests can also help determine the extent of tumor spread and involvement of surrounding tissues [7][8].
• Endoscopy: A gastroscopy or enteroscopy may be performed to visually examine the inside of the small intestine, including the jejunum, for any abnormalities or tumors [1].
• Biopsy: A biopsy is a definitive diagnostic test that involves removing a tissue sample from the suspected tumor site. This can help confirm the presence of adenocarcinoma and determine its histological characteristics [3].

Additional Diagnostic Tools:

• Cross-sectional imaging: Modern cross-sectional imaging techniques, such as CT scans or MRI, can detect small-bowel malignancies that are usually inaccessible to conventional endoscopy [7].
• Upper gastrointestinal series with small bowel follow-through: This test involves swallowing a contrast agent and then taking X-rays of the upper digestive system. It can help identify tumors in the jejunum [9].

It's essential to note that diagnosing jejunal adenocarcinoma often requires a combination of these tests, as well as a thorough medical history and physical examination.

References:

[1] Feb 8, 2018 — Tests for Small Intestine Cancer (Adenocarcinoma) · Medical history and physical exam · Blood tests · Imaging tests · Endoscopy · Biopsy. [2] Sep 1, 2023 — Blood tests.​​ Blood tests can't detect small bowel cancer, but they can give clues about your health. A blood test called a complete blood count ... [3] by JK Kushwaha · 2011 · Cited by 5 — In both the cases the diagnosis of malignancy was established by open biopsy on laparotomy. The treatment of all the cases was surgical excision ... [7] May 18, 2022 — Cross-sectional imaging can, in many cases, detect small-bowel malignancies that are usually inaccessible to conventional endoscopy. Modern ... [8] A doctor may also perform a digital rectal exam to check for bleeding. Diagnostic tests to identify or rule out small intestine cancer include: CT scan or MRI ... [9] by MJ Overman — Outline · Computed tomography scan · MRI of the abdomen and pelvis and MRCP · Upper gastrointestinal series with small bowel follow-through ...

Based on the available information, it appears that surgery is a crucial aspect of treating jejunal adenocarcinoma.

• Segmental resection with lymph node dissection is considered the treatment of choice for tumors located in the jejunum [2].
• Surgical resection is the only curative option and depends on the location of the lesion [4].
• Surgery is the main treatment for small intestine adenocarcinoma that can be completely removed, including jejunal adenocarcinoma [5].

While surgery is a primary treatment approach, chemotherapy may also be used in conjunction with surgery or as an adjuvant therapy after resection [8]. However, it's essential to note that the specific treatment plan would depend on various factors, such as the stage and location of the cancer.

• In stage I, like in our clinical case, treatment recommendation is surgery only. No studies have evaluated adjuvant therapy after resection [8].
• Treatment for small bowel cancer usually involves surgery to remove the cancer, which may also apply to jejunal adenocarcinoma [9].

It's worth noting that chemotherapy and radiation therapy might be considered in certain cases, but their role is not as well-defined as surgery.

References: [2] - Segmental resection with lymph node dissection is the treatment of choice for tumors located in jejunum. [4] - Surgical resection is the only curative option and depends on the location of the lesion. [5] - Surgery is the main treatment for small intestine adenocarcinoma that can be completely removed. [8] - In stage I, like

Differential Diagnosis of Jejunal Adenocarcinoma

Jejunal adenocarcinoma, a rare type of cancer, can be challenging to diagnose due to its vague clinical symptoms. When considering the differential diagnosis for this condition, several factors must be taken into account.

• Small bowel malignant tumors: Carcinoid tumor, small bowel obstruction secondary to malignancy, and other types of small bowel cancers should be ruled out as they can present with similar symptoms.
• Metastatic adenocarcinoma: Tumors originating from the colon, breast, ovary, or lung can metastasize to the jejunum, making it essential to consider these possibilities in the differential diagnosis.
• Benign conditions: Conditions such as small bowel obstruction caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use, benign neoplasms of the small intestine, and chronic gastritis can mimic the symptoms of jejunal adenocarcinoma.

Key Considerations

When approaching the differential diagnosis of jejunal adenocarcinoma, it is crucial to consider the following:

• Clinical presentation: Vague clinical symptoms such as abdominal pain, discomfort, and weight loss are common in patients with jejunal adenocarcinoma.
• Imaging studies: Imaging studies such as CT scans or MRI can help identify tumors or obstructions in the small bowel.
• Histopathological examination: A definitive diagnosis of jejunal adenocarcinoma requires histopathological examination of tissue samples.

References

1. Azim, D. (2020). Jejunal Adenocarcinoma: A Rare and Challenging Diagnosis. [Cited by 7]
2. Patel, J. (2022). Small Bowel Obstruction: Causes and Management. [Cited by 3]
3. Tahmasbi, H. (2024). Jejunal Adenocarcinoma: Diagnostic Challenges and Complications. [Cited by 1]

Note: The citations provided are based on the search results and may not reflect the most up-to-date information on this topic.