obsolete primary systemic ascomycota mycosis

Obsolete Primary Systemic Ascomycota Mycosis

Obsolete primary systemic ascomycota mycosis refers to a type of fungal infection that affects the entire body, caused by fungi belonging to the phylum Ascomycota. This condition is considered obsolete due to changes in nomenclature and classification of fungal species.

Characteristics and Details

• The infection involves fungi that are typically found on keratin, such as dermatophytes (see [5] for more information).
• Fungal taxonomy has undergone significant changes, including the abandonment of dual species nomenclature in 2013 ([10]).
• Ascomycota mycosis can be caused by various fungal species, some of which have been reclassified or renamed.
• The condition is characterized by a systemic infection, meaning it affects multiple body systems and organs.

Relevant Information

• Fungal taxonomy has evolved over time, with changes in nomenclature and classification ([3], [8]).
• Some fungal allergen extracts retain obsolete names due to regulatory constraints ([6]).
• Phoma species are phytopathogens that can cause disease in humans and have undergone nomenclatural changes ([7]).

References

[1] - This information is not relevant to the description of obsolete primary systemic ascomycota mycosis. [2] - Exploring statistical variable details does not provide information on this topic. [3] - Fungal taxonomy involves classifying and grouping fungi based on similarities or differences, which is relevant to understanding changes in nomenclature ([8]). [4] - This link provides general information about DO FAIR but does not relate to the description of obsolete primary systemic ascomycota mycosis. [5] - Dermatophytes are a type of fungus that can cause skin disease in humans and are related to keratin, which is relevant to understanding the characteristics of obsolete primary systemic ascomycota mycosis. [6] - Fungal allergen extracts retaining obsolete names due to regulatory constraints is not directly related to this topic but provides context on fungal nomenclature changes. [7] - Phoma species are phytopathogens that can cause disease in humans and have undergone nomenclatural changes, which is relevant to understanding the evolution of fungal taxonomy ([8]). [8] - Nomenclature changes in mycology are ongoing, and efforts have been made to reconcile current morphological descriptions with more recent phylogenetic studies. [9] - A summary of changes affecting key groups of fungi of medical importance was published in 2023, explaining the mycological rationale behind these changes ([10]). [10] - Fungal species have undergone significant nomenclatural change due to the abandonment of dual species nomenclature in 2013.

Based on the provided context, here are the signs and symptoms of obsolete primary systemic ascomycota mycosis:

Superficial Fungal Infections * Superficial fungal infections include common tinea of the skin, such as tinea of the body, groin, [2] * Symptoms include puritis (itchiness), erythema (reddening of the skin), yellow milky discharge from membranes, patches on membranes. [5]

Subcutaneous and Systemic Infections * Subcutaneous fungal infections can cause swelling of submucosal and subcutaneous tissues, leading to gradual progression of disease. [1] * Systemic mycoses affecting patients who are severely immunocompromised often manifest acutely with rapidly progressive pneumonia, fungemia, or manifestations of extrapulmonary dissemination. [8]

Central Nervous System Involvement * Brain involvement by systemic mycoses has a particularly high mortality. Symptoms suggesting the involvement of the brain include headaches, seizures and deficits in normal brain control over movement or sensation. [4] * Symptoms include slow response to treatment and signs of cerebral edema or hydrocephalitis, especially papilledema. MRI scan showing multiple cryptococcomas (white masses) in the brain. [6]

Other Symptoms * A bloody nasal discharge is generally the first sign of that the disease has invaded through the terbinates and into the brain. Patients may demonstrate an... [3] * Cutaneous cryptococcosis: Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis in the form of ulcerated lesions or cellulitis... [6]

Please note that these symptoms are based on the provided context, which appears to be related to a specific type of fungal infection. It's essential to consult with a medical professional for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

References: [1] JR Köhler (2015) [2] July 25, 2024 [3] A bloody nasal discharge is generally the first sign of that the disease has invaded through the terbinates and into the brain. Patients may demonstrate an... [4] June 18, 2024 [5] Oct 19, 2008 [6] Symptoms include slow response to treatment and signs of cerebral edema or hydrocephalitis, especially papilledema. MRI scan showing multiple cryptococcomas (white masses) in the

Based on the provided context, it appears that there are several diagnostic tests mentioned for obsolete primary systemic ascomycota mycosis.

• According to search result [2], diagnosis relies on careful microscopic and pathological examination, as well as clinical assessment of the patient.
• Search result [8] mentions that diagnosis relies on histopathological examination of clinical specimens and on examination of cultures. Sequencing is recommended for accurate species identification.
• Additionally, search result [3] reviews nucleic acid-based diagnostic tests for systemic mycoses with an emphasis on polymerase chain reaction-based assays.

It's worth noting that the context also mentions obsolete taxa Trichosporon capitatum and Blastoschizomyces pseudotrichosporon (search result [4]), but it does not provide specific information on diagnostic tests for these particular species.

The following diagnostic tests are mentioned:

• Microscopic examination
• Histopathological examination of clinical specimens
• Examination of cultures
• Sequencing (for accurate species identification)
• Polymerase chain reaction-based assays

These tests can be used to diagnose obsolete primary systemic ascomycota mycosis, but it's essential to consult the original sources for more detailed information.

References:

[2] SG Revankar · 2010 · Cited by 655 [3] S Arunmozhi Balajee · 2007 · Cited by 191 [4] Obsolete taxa Trichosporon capitatum and Blastoschizomyces pseudotrichosporon [8] A Chowdhary · 2014 · Cited by 335

Based on the available information, it appears that you are referring to a type of fungal infection caused by Ascomycota.

Treatment Options

According to the search results, the treatment for blastomycosis (a type of Ascomycota mycosis) typically involves systemic antifungals. The most commonly recommended drugs include:

• Itraconazole: This is considered a mainstay of therapy for most patients with blastomycosis [1][3]. It can be administered orally, and the typical dosage is 200 mg three times per day for 3 days, followed by once or twice daily for 6-12 months [2].
• Amphotericin B: This is another effective treatment option for blastomycosis, especially for mild to moderate cases. A long course of amphotericin B is usually curative [1][4].
• Ketoconazole: This antifungal medication can also be used to treat blastomycosis, although it may not be as commonly recommended as itraconazole or amphotericin B [5].

Other Considerations

It's worth noting that the treatment of blastomycosis in dogs is similar to that in humans. In dogs, the most often recommended drugs for treating blastomycosis are also amphotericin B and azole antifungals like itraconazole or ketoconazole [5][7].

References

[1] Saccente, M. (2010). Treatment of Blastomycosis with Itraconazole. Cited by 448.

[2] Chapman, S. W. (2008). Blastomycosis. Cited by 647.

[3] McKeny, P. T. (2023). Itraconazole. Cited by 66.

[4] Treatment of blastomycosis includes systemic antifungals for at least 60 days, and for at least 1 month after symptoms have resolved [4].

[5] May 1, 2009 — Drugs most often recommended to treat dogs with blastomycosis are amphotericin B and the azole antifungals, including itraconazole, ketoconazole [5].

[6] Apr 1, 2010 — Although a long course of amphotericin B is usually curative, itraconazole is also highly effective and is the mainstay of therapy for most patients with blastomycosis [6].

[7] Jan 9, 2019 — Oral azoles, usually itraconazole or amphotericin B, are first-line treatment for blastomycosis depending on the severity of the disease, its location, and other factors [7].

The differential diagnosis of obsolete primary systemic ascomycota mycosis involves identifying and ruling out other conditions that may present with similar symptoms.

According to the available information, the clinical syndromes caused by dematiaceous fungi are differentiated based on histologic findings into eumycetoma, chromoblastomycosis, and phaeohyphomycosis [3]. These conditions can be considered in the differential diagnosis of obsolete primary systemic ascomycota mycosis.

Additionally, the differential diagnosis includes verrucous cutaneous tuberculosis, which may present with similar skin lesions [6].

It is also worth noting that successful local and systemic therapy requires an exact diagnosis, with identification of the pathogen for all mycoses. These data are crucial for guiding treatment decisions [5][7].

The Onyge- nales (Ajellomycetaceae) are the only phylogenetically related group whose members all cause systemic disease in otherwise healthy people, which may be relevant to consider in this differential diagnosis [8].

Fungal taxonomy is the branch of mycology by which we classify and group fungi based on similarities or differences. Historically, this was done by morphological characteristics, but