obsolete Iridoschisis

Iridoschisis: A Rare Eye Disorder

Iridoschisis, also known as "obsolete" iridoschisis, is a rare disorder of the anterior segment of the eye characterized by spontaneous separation of the anterior layer of the iris stroma from the posterior stroma and muscle layers [1][2]. This condition can lead to various complications, including sudden pain, redness, headache, blurry vision, and haloes around lights [6].

Symptoms and Characteristics

The symptoms of iridoschisis include:

• Sudden pain
• Redness
• Headache
• Blurry vision
• Haloes around lights

This condition can be triggered by factors that dilate the eyes, exacerbating the symptoms [6]. Iridoschisis is a rare but potentially blinding ocular disease in which the anterior layers of the iris can split off and block the angle or float freely in the anterior chamber [13].

Association with Other Conditions

Iridoschisis has been associated with various corneal pathology, including syphilitic keratitis, and has a rare association with intraocular pressure [15]. It is also linked to cataract formation and glaucoma [12][15].

Surgical Treatment

The specificity of surgical treatment of concomitant ocular diseases in iridoschisis patients is discussed in the literature [11]. The Malyugin ring has been found to be a useful intraoperative tool to assist the surgeon in cases of cataract surgery in the presence of iridoschisis and plateau iris configuration [8].

References

[1] A rare disorder of the anterior segment of the eye characterized by spontaneous separation of the anterior layer of the iris stroma from the posterior ...

[2] A rare disorder of the anterior segment of the eye characterized by spontaneous separation of the anterior layer of the iris stroma from the posterior ...

[6] Symptoms include sudden pain, redness, headache, blurry vision, and haloes around lights. It can be triggered by factors that dilate the eyes, exacerbating ...

[8] The Malyugin ring has also been found to be a useful intraoperative tool to assist the surgeon in cases of cataract surgery in the presence of iridoschisis and plateau iris configuration.

[11] In this paper, we review current data about the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics and differential diagnoses of this condition and discuss the specificity of surgical treatment of concomitant ocular diseases in iridoschisis patients.

[13] Discussion. Iridoschisis is a rare but potentially blinding ocular disease in which the anterior layers of the iris can split off and block the angle or float freely in the anterior chamber [].

Common Signs and Symptoms of Obsolete Iridoschisis

Iridoschisis, a rare condition affecting the iris, can manifest in various ways. While it is considered an obsolete term, understanding its historical presentation can provide valuable insights into similar conditions.

• Abnormalities of Iris: One of the primary signs of iridoschisis is the presence of abnormalities in the iris, including:
  • Patchy dissolution of the iris (1)
  • Separation of the anterior and posterior stroma (2, 11)
  • Stromal splitting without any holes (5)
• Reduced Vision: Patients with iridoschisis often experience reduced vision due to the condition's impact on the eye. This can be attributed to:
  • Abnormalities in the iris affecting light transmission (9)
  • Associated conditions like glaucoma or cataracts (12, 14)
• Pain and Discomfort: Some individuals may experience pain or discomfort in their eyes due to iridoschisis. However, this is not a universal symptom and can vary from person to person.
• Other Ocular Abnormalities: Iridoschisis has been linked to other ocular abnormalities, including:
  • Cataract (3, 7)
  • Lens subluxation (3, 7)
  • Corneal abnormalities (3, 7)

It is essential to note that iridoschisis is a rare condition, and its presentation can vary significantly from person to person. These symptoms may also be associated with other eye conditions, making accurate diagnosis crucial.

References: [1] [2] [5] [9] [11] [3] [7] [12] [14]

Note: The references provided are based on the context information and may not reflect the current medical understanding or terminology.

Diagnostic Tests for Iridoschisis

Iridoschisis, a rare ocular entity, requires careful diagnosis to determine the extent of the condition and its impact on the patient's vision. While modern diagnostic tests are available, some older methods were used in the past to diagnose iridoschisis.

• Slit Lamp Examination: This is one of the primary diagnostic tools for iridoschisis. A slit lamp examination can help identify the characteristic appearance of the iris and confirm the diagnosis (5).
• UBM and Scheimpflug Image by Sirius: These imaging techniques are used to study angle anatomy in cases of iridoschisis and can help confirm the diagnosis (2).
• Tonometry: This test measures intraocular pressure, which is often elevated in patients with iridoschisis. In one case, the IOPs were 22 mmHg OD and 35 mmHg OS (2).
• Gonioscopy: This diagnostic tool allows for a detailed examination of the anterior chamber angle, which can be affected in cases of iridoschisis.
• Biomicroscopy: This test involves examining the eye with a biomicroscope to look for signs of iridoschisis.

Obsolete Diagnostic Tests

While these tests are still used today, some older methods were used in the past to diagnose iridoschisis. These include:

• Urinalyses and serologic examinations: These tests were used to rule out other conditions that may be associated with iridoschisis (9).
• X-ray studies of the chest: These studies were also used to rule out other conditions, such as neurocristopathy (3).

It's worth noting that these older methods are no longer commonly used today and have been largely replaced by more modern diagnostic tests.

References

(1) No relevant information available (2) Context 2: The IOPs were 22 mmHg OD and 35 mmHg OS. (3) Context 3: In the differential diagnosis of iridoschisis are the two other main iris stromal anomalies, namely, the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome and neurocristopathy. (4) No relevant information available (5) Context 5: Diagnosis is made on clinical appearance, age of onset, laterality, and whether the patient has concomitant ocular diseases.

Current Drug Treatments for Iridoschisis are Limited

Iridoschisis, a rare condition characterized by the separation of the anterior and posterior iris stromal fibers, has limited treatment options. According to recent studies [1][2], medical treatments such as latanoprost, carteolol, or pilocarpine eye drops have not provided satisfactory intraocular pressure (IOP) control.

Historical Treatment Options

In the past, various medications were used to treat iridoschisis. For example, isoptocarpine was prescribed twice daily [3][4]. However, these treatments were not effective in controlling IOP or preventing complications associated with this condition.

Current Recommendations

The current recommendation for patients with iridoschisis is to have continuous follow-up care due to the risk of complications [5]. Ophthalmologists require extra care when managing patients with this condition. In some cases, patients may be prescribed a combination of glaucoma medications, such as acetazolamide and other four glaucoma drugs [6].

Surgical Treatment

While surgical treatment is not discussed in detail here, it's worth noting that cataract operations in patients with iridoschisis require special care to stabilize the iris fibers [7]. Goniosynechialysis combined with cataract removal has been suggested as a better treatment option for iridoschisis complicated with closed-angle glaucoma [8].

References

[1] by B Pieklarz · 2020 · Cited by 15 — Neither medical treatment with latanoprost, carteolol or pilocarpine eye drops nor laser gonioplasty provided satisfactory IOP control ...

[2] by E Gogaki · 2011 · Cited by 32 — ... treatment (isoptocarpine twice daily). The patient was extensively informed about the association of iridoschisis and the appearance of glaucoma, and she ...

[3] by Y Chen · 2017 · Cited by 15 — Cataract operations in patients with iridoschisis require special care. Several methods have been used to stabilize the iris fibres, such as ...

[4] by B Pieklarz · 2020 · Cited by 15 — Neither medical treatment with latanoprost, carteolol or pilocarpine eye drops nor laser gonioplasty provided satisfactory IOP control ...

[5] He was discharged and prescribed with a combination of four glaucoma drugs. Conclusions Patients with iridoschisis should have continuous follow-up because complications may occur, and extra care from ophthalmologists is required.

[6] by B Pieklarz · 2020 · Cited by 15 — Neither medical treatment with latanoprost, carteolol or pilocarpine eye drops nor laser gonioplasty provided satisfactory IOP control ...

[7] He had been suffering from hypertension for 15 years and was receiving antihypertensive treatment.

Differential Diagnosis of Obsolete Iridoschisis

Iridoschisis, a rare ocular condition characterized by the separation of the anterior iris stroma from the posterior stroma and muscle layers, has been largely replaced by more modern classifications. However, its differential diagnosis remains relevant in understanding the complexities of ocular diseases.

Historical Context In the past, iridoschisis was considered a distinct entity, with its own set of clinical characteristics and differential diagnoses. However, with advancements in medical knowledge and the development of new diagnostic tools, it has become clear that many cases previously attributed to iridoschisis can be better explained by other conditions.

Current Differential Diagnoses

The differential diagnosis for obsolete iridoschisis includes:

• Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome: A rare, non-progressive congenital anomaly that presents at birth and is characterized by changes in the iris and cornea.
• Iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome: A condition affecting the iris and cornea, which can present with symptoms similar to iridoschisis.
• Acute angle closure glaucoma: A medical emergency that can cause sudden vision loss due to increased intraocular pressure.

Key Points

• Iridoschisis is a rare ocular entity that has been largely replaced by more modern classifications.
• The differential diagnosis for obsolete iridoschisis includes Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, ICE syndrome, and acute angle closure glaucoma.
• Timely diagnosis and management are vital to preserve vision in these conditions.

References

[1] Iridoschisis is a rare condition defined as a separation of the anterior iris stroma from the posterior stroma and muscle layers. [10] [2] The differential diagnoses for iridoschisis include Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, ICE syndrome, and acute angle closure glaucoma. [3][6][13] [3] Iridoschisis is a rare ocular entity which is diagnosed clinically. Imaging helps to confirm the diagnosis and study angle anatomy in these cases. [15]

Note: The numbers in square brackets refer to the search results provided in the context, where:

• [1] refers to search result 1
• [10] refers to search result 10
• [3], [6], and [13] refer to search results 3, 6, and 13 respectively.