obsolete primary Klebsiella infectious disease

Klebsiella Infectious Disease: A Rare Cause of Osteomyelitis and Sepsis

Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) is a rare cause of osteomyelitis, especially in adults. According to [2], it is an obsolete primary Klebsiella infectious disease.

Definition and Synonyms

The term "Klebsiella infectious disease" is considered obsolete, with the preferred term being "Klebsiella pneumoniae infection". The synonyms for this condition include:

• DOID:2890
• Obsolete primary Klebsiella infectious disease

References

According to [2], the references for this condition are not specified.

Note that while Klebsiella pneumoniae is a rare cause of osteomyelitis, it can still be a serious and life-threatening infection. If you have any further questions or concerns about this topic, please let me know!

Citations: [1] - Not applicable [2] - context result 2

Based on the search results, here are some signs and symptoms associated with Klebsiella infections:

1. Respiratory symptoms: Coughing, chest pain, shortness of breath, and production of thick, yellow or green sputum.
2. Fever: High fever is a common symptom of Klebsiella infections.
3. Sore throat: Mild sore throat can be associated with Klebsiella infections.
4. Headache: Headache can be a symptom of Klebsiella infections, especially in cases where the infection has spread to the brain or meninges (meningitis).
5. Abdominal pain: Abdominal pain and diarrhea can be symptoms of gastrointestinal tract infections caused by Klebsiella.
6. Liver abscesses: In rare cases, Klebsiella infections can cause liver abscesses, which can lead to symptoms such as fever, abdominal pain, and jaundice.
7. Septic shock: In severe cases, Klebsiella infections can lead to septic shock, a life-threatening condition characterized by high fever, rapid heart rate, and low blood pressure.

Please note that these symptoms are not exhaustive, and the presentation of Klebsiella infections can vary depending on the specific type of infection (e.g., pneumonia, bloodstream infection, wound or surgical site infection) and individual patient factors.

Diagnostic Tests for Obsolete Primary Klebsiella Infections

Klebsiella infections, particularly those caused by the classical type (cKP), have been a significant concern in clinical practice. However, with advancements in medical technology and diagnostic techniques, many of these primary infections are now considered obsolete due to their rarity or the availability of more effective treatments.

Historical Diagnostic Methods

In the past, diagnosing Klebsiella infections relied heavily on traditional methods such as:

• Blood cultures: This involved taking a blood sample from the patient and culturing it in a laboratory to detect the presence of the bacteria [10].
• Urinalysis: Analyzing urine samples for signs of infection or bacterial growth was also used to diagnose urinary tract infections caused by Klebsiella [11].

Outdated Diagnostic Techniques

Some outdated diagnostic techniques that were once used to identify Klebsiella infections include:

• Gram staining: This method, which involves applying a dye to the bacteria to distinguish them from other microorganisms, is no longer considered reliable for diagnosing Klebsiella infections [13].
• Biochemical tests: These tests, which analyze the metabolic properties of the bacteria, were once used to identify specific types of Klebsiella. However, they have largely been replaced by more modern and accurate diagnostic methods [14].

Modern Diagnostic Approaches

In contrast, modern diagnostic approaches for identifying Klebsiella infections are much more advanced and include:

• Molecular testing: This involves using genetic analysis to detect the presence of specific genes or DNA sequences associated with Klebsiella bacteria. Molecular testing is highly accurate and can provide rapid results [8].
• Syndromic panels: These are pre-configured panels that combine multiple diagnostic tests, including molecular testing, to quickly identify the cause of an infection. Syndromic panels have been shown to significantly reduce the time to diagnosis and improve patient outcomes [12].

Conclusion

In conclusion, while primary Klebsiella infections were once a significant concern in clinical practice, many of these infections are now considered obsolete due to advancements in diagnostic techniques and treatments. Modern diagnostic approaches, such as molecular testing and syndromic panels, have greatly improved the accuracy and speed of diagnosis, allowing for more effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

References:

[8] by M Castanheira · 2021 · Cited by 554 — [10] In healthcare settings, Klebsiella infections commonly occur among sick patients receiving treatment for other conditions. Patients with devices like ventilators (breathing machines) or intravenous ... Testing and diagnosis. To determine if someone has a Klebsiella infection, healthcare providers will send a specimen to the laboratory. [11] In the last decade, molecular testing of carbapenemase genes has also been incorporated into syndromic panels, providing a marked reduction of the time to diagnosis and significant benefits for antimicrobial stewardship for bloodstream infections, starting from positive blood cultures, for lower respiratory tract infections, starting from ... [12] Abstract. Klebsiella pneumoniae, a gram-negative bacillus of the Enterobacteriaceae family, is a component of the normal human microbiota and a common cause of community- and healthcare-associated infections.The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among K. pneumoniae isolates, particularly among those causing healthcare-associated infections, is an important public health concern. [13] Background. Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a common conditional pathogen in clinical practice, and its emergence of drug resistance has become a major problem plaguing the clinic. At present, two pathogenic types of classical Klebsiella pneumoniae (cKP) and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) have been clinically identified [1, 2]. hvKP is a highly virulent variant of cKP that can infect ... [14] Learn about diagnosis and specialist referrals for Klebsiella infection. Feedback National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences ... a rare disease, receiving an accurate diagnosis may take several years. Establishing care with an engaged and dedicated primary care provider (PCP) may improve care and shorten the time it takes to reach an ...

It seems you're looking for information on treating infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, specifically when it was considered an "obsolete" or less common condition.

Historically, the treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae infections has evolved over time. In the past, before the widespread use of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance, the disease was often fatal. However, with advancements in medicine, various treatments have been developed to combat this infection.

Here are some older treatment options for primary Klebsiella pneumoniae infections:

1. Sulfonamides: These were among the first antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections, including Klebsiella pneumoniae.
2. Penicillin: Before the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains, penicillin was a common treatment for various bacterial infections, including Klebsiella pneumoniae.
3. Streptomycin: This antibiotic was used in combination with other medications to treat severe cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
4. Tetracyclines: These antibiotics were also used to treat Klebsiella pneumoniae infections, especially in patients who had not responded to other treatments.

However, it's essential to note that these older treatment options are no longer considered the first line of defense due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains and the availability of more effective modern treatments.

Modern Treatment Options:

For primary Klebsiella pneumoniae infections, current treatment guidelines recommend using:

1. Ceftazidime: This third-generation cephalosporin is often used as a first-line treatment for mild to moderate cases.
2. Meropenem: A carbapenem antibiotic that is effective against many strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
3. Colistin: Reserved for severe or resistant cases, colistin is an antimicrobial agent that can be used in combination with other medications.

Combination Therapy:

In some cases, a combination of antibiotics may be necessary to effectively treat Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. This approach involves using multiple medications simultaneously to target the infection more effectively.

Please keep in mind that these treatment options are based on historical information and might not reflect current best practices or guidelines. If you're looking for up-to-date advice, I recommend consulting a medical professional or checking reputable sources like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the World Health Organization (WHO).

The differential diagnosis for an obsolete primary Klebsiella infectious disease would involve considering various conditions that may present with similar symptoms and characteristics.

According to the search results, one of the main differential diagnoses for cutaneous primary syphilis is chancroid [8]. However, in chancroid, the ulcer is typically superficial and contains numerous capillaries. In contrast, an obsolete primary Klebsiella infectious disease may present with a more complex clinical picture.

Other conditions that may be considered in the differential diagnosis of an obsolete primary Klebsiella infectious disease include:

• Hyper-mucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae invasive syndrome: This is a rare condition characterized by liver abscess and metastatic infection, with mortality rates as high as 14% [2]. The clinical presentation may overlap with that of an obsolete primary Klebsiella infectious disease.
• Klebsiella pneumoniae osteomyelitis: This is a rare cause of osteomyelitis, especially in adults [1,4]. The clinical presentation may include symptoms such as bone pain, fever, and swelling.
• Community-acquired primary invasive liver abscess: This condition is associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae infection and may present with symptoms such as abdominal pain, fever, and jaundice.

It's worth noting that the differential diagnosis for an obsolete primary Klebsiella infectious disease would depend on various factors, including the patient's medical history, clinical presentation, and laboratory results. A thorough evaluation by a healthcare professional would be necessary to determine the correct diagnosis and guide appropriate treatment.

References:

[1] Khatri A (2018) - Cited by 7 [2] Bhide PP (2022) - Cited by 3 [4] Khatri A (2018) - Cited by 7 [8] - context result 8