obsolete Nonmetastatic Gestational Trophoblastic tumor

Nonmetastatic Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor (NMGTN): An Obsolete Term

The term "Nonmetastatic Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia" (NMGTN) is no longer commonly used in medical literature. However, it was previously employed to describe a type of gestational trophoblastic disease that did not metastasize.

Characteristics of NMGTN

• Definition: NMGTN was considered a non-metastatic form of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) [1].
• Incidence: It was one of the various related neoplasms of the human placenta, encompassing a variety of rare tumors that develop during early pregnancy [3].
• Diagnosis: A diagnosis of NMGTN following evacuation of hydatidiform mole was usually made after a plateau of three values of hCG over 2 weeks (days x, x + 7, x + 14) [9].

Relevance and Replacement

The term "NMGTN" has been largely replaced by more specific terms such as "gestational trophoblastic neoplasia" (GTN), which includes both non-metastatic and metastatic forms of the disease. The classification and terminology for gestational trophoblastic diseases have evolved over time, with a focus on more precise and clinically relevant categorization [5].

References

[1] Suprasert P, Manopunya M (2015). Outcomes of Non-Metastatic Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: Twelve Year Experience from a Northern Thailand Tertiary Care Center. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 16(14), 5559-5564.

[3] (2000). Nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. In Gynecologic Oncology (pp. 123-125).

[5] FIGO Committee on Gynecologic Oncology (2018). Revised FIGO staging for gynaecological cancer: A review of the changes and implications for practice.

Note: The references provided are based on the search results within the context, which may not reflect the most up-to-date or comprehensive information available.

Common Signs and Symptoms of Nonmetastatic Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor

Nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTT) are a type of rare tumor that develops during pregnancy. While they may not have spread to other parts of the body, they can still cause various symptoms. Here are some common signs and symptoms associated with nonmetastatic GTT:

• Vaginal bleeding: This is one of the most common symptoms of GTT, occurring in about 95% of cases (8).
• Uterine enlargement: The uterus may become larger than expected for the gestational age, which can be a sign of GTT (2, 9).
• Pelvic pain or pressure: Some women may experience pelvic pain or a sensation of pressure due to the tumor's growth (3, 12).
• Absent fetal heart tones: In

Diagnostic Tests for Nonmetastatic Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor

Nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTNs) are a type of cancer that develops in the uterus. Diagnostic tests play a crucial role in detecting and confirming the presence of this condition. Here are some diagnostic tests used to diagnose nonmetastatic GTN:

• Serum tumor marker test: A blood test is conducted to measure the levels of beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) hormone, which is produced during pregnancy. Elevated levels of β-hCG can indicate the presence of a GTN [13].
• Blood tests: Doctors use blood samples to check the levels of certain hormones and other substances that may be impacted by the presence of GTD. This includes checking liver, renal, and marrow function [6].
• Urinalysis: A urinalysis test is conducted to detect any abnormalities in urine that may indicate the presence of a GTN [5].

Staging and Evaluation

In addition to these diagnostic tests, thorough evaluation and staging are essential for selecting appropriate therapy and maximizing chances for cure while minimizing toxicity. Nonmetastatic (stage I) and low-risk GTNs have an overall cure rate of >90% [3].

References:

• [1] Serum tumor marker test is used to detect β-hCG levels.
• [5] Urinalysis is conducted to check for any abnormalities in urine.
• [6] Blood tests are used to check liver, renal, and marrow function.
• [13] Elevated β-hCG levels indicate the presence of a GTN.

Note: The references provided are based on the context information provided.

Treatment Options for Obsolete Nonmetastatic Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor

Nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTNs) are a type of rare placenta disorder that can be treated with various drug therapies. While the treatment options may have evolved over time, some older approaches are still relevant in certain cases.

Single-Agent Methotrexate Therapy

According to search result [3], single-agent methotrexate chemotherapy has been used as an extremely effective treatment for nonmetastatic GTNs. This approach involves administering a single drug, methotrexate, to destroy cancer cells. The dosage and administration schedule may vary depending on individual patient needs.

Methotrexate with Folinic Acid

Search result [5] suggests that combining methotrexate with folinic acid at a specific dosage can be less toxic than using methotrexate alone while still being effective in treating nonmetastatic GTNs. However, it is noted that this combination may be less effective than single-agent methotrexate therapy.

Other Treatment Options

While these older treatment options are still relevant, modern approaches often involve more aggressive and targeted therapies. For example, search result [7] mentions the use of cisplatin in high-risk or refractory cases, while search result [9] suggests that dactinomycin may be used as an alternative to methotrexate.

Current Treatment Guidelines

It's essential to note that treatment guidelines for gestational trophoblastic disease have evolved over time. Search result [10] provides a comprehensive overview of current treatment options, which include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. These approaches are tailored to the specific type and risk category of the GTN.

Summary

In summary, while older treatment options like single-agent methotrexate therapy and methotrexate with folinic acid may still be relevant in certain cases, modern approaches often involve more aggressive and targeted therapies. It's crucial to consult current treatment guidelines and expert-reviewed summaries for the most up-to-date information on treating nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic tumors.

References:

[3] EP Elfstrand: Single-agent methotrexate chemotherapy for the treatment of nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic tumors Am J Obstet Gynecol 172: 574

[5] Methotrexate infusion and folinic acid as primary therapy for nonmetastatic and low-risk metastatic gestational trophoblastic tumors.

[7] Cisplatin in high-risk or refractory cases of GTN.

[9] Dactinomycin as an alternative to methotrexate.

[10] Management of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: Green-top Guideline 38 - September 2020.