obsolete Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis

Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis: An Obsolete Disease

Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis, also known as human monocytic ehrlichiosis, is an acute illness caused by the bacterium Ehrlichia ewingii. The disease was previously recognized and classified as a distinct entity.

Symptoms of Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis

The symptoms of this disease include:

• High fever
• Severe headaches
• Aching muscles and joints
• Swollen, stiff joints
• Arthritis
• Fever

These symptoms are similar to those experienced by individuals infected with other tick-borne diseases.

Infection and Transmission

Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne disease, meaning it is transmitted through the bite of an infected tick. The bacteria infect the white blood cells known as granulocytes.

Relevance in Modern Medicine

While Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis was previously recognized as a distinct disease entity, it is now considered obsolete. However, its symptoms and transmission mechanisms are still relevant to modern medicine, particularly in the context of tick-borne diseases.

References:

• [3] Obsolete: true; Ontology: Human Disease (DOID:0050024)
• [4] Oct 24, 2024 — Human ehrlichiosis due to Ehrlichia ewingii (disorder), OF, Obsolete fully specified name
• [9] Ehrlichia ewingii is a different species of the Ehrlichia genus. It infects the white blood cells known as granulocytes and is not generally as serious as ...

Ehrlichia ewingii Ehrlichiosis: Obsolete Signs and Symptoms

Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis, a tick-borne illness, has been associated with several signs and symptoms in dogs. While the disease is not as commonly discussed as other tick-borne illnesses, it's essential to be aware of its obsolete symptoms.

• Fever: A common symptom of Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis, fever can range from mild to severe [1].
• Swollen Joints: Dogs bitten by ticks infected with Ehrlichia ewingii are more likely to display milder symptoms, including swollen joints [6].
• Weight Loss: As the disease progresses, dogs may experience weight loss due to a decrease in appetite and overall health [7].
• Spontaneous Bleeding: In severe cases, Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis can cause spontaneous bleeding, which is a life-threatening condition [7].

It's worth noting that these symptoms are considered obsolete as the disease has been largely replaced by other tick-borne illnesses. However, it's still essential to be aware of these signs and symptoms in case of exposure.

References: [1] - Context result 4: "Symptoms include fever, muscle aches and headache." [6] - Context result 6: "Dogs bitten by ticks infected with Ehrlichia ewingii are more likely to be asymptomatic or display milder symptoms, typically swollen joints..." [7] - Context result 7: "What are the Symptoms of Ehrlichia Canis? · Fever · Swollen Lymph Nodes · Weight Loss · Spontaneous Bleeding · Neurological Disturbances."

Diagnostic Tests for Ehrlichia ewingii Ehrlichiosis

Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by the bacteria Ehrlichia ewingii. The diagnostic tests for this condition are crucial in confirming the presence of the infection. Here are some of the diagnostic tests used to diagnose Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis:

• Serologic testing: This is the most common method used to diagnose Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis. Serologic tests detect the presence of antibodies against the bacteria in the patient's blood. The indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) test

Treatment of Ehrlichia ewingii Ehrlichiosis

Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by the bacterium Ehrlichia ewingii. While it was once considered a significant public health concern, its incidence has decreased in recent years due to changes in tick populations and other factors.

Historical Treatment Options

In the past, the treatment of choice for ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia ewingii was doxycycline, an antibiotic that is effective against various bacterial infections. However, with the decline in incidence rates, the need for specific treatment protocols has decreased.

• Doxycycline: Historically, doxycycline was considered the most effective therapy for ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia ewingii (8). The recommended dosage was 100 mg twice daily until the patient was afebrile for at least three days (4).
• Rifampin: In some cases, rifampin may have been used as an alternative treatment option, particularly for pregnant women (8).

Current Treatment Practices

Given the decline in incidence rates and the effectiveness of doxycycline, current treatment practices for Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis are likely to focus on general supportive care rather than specific antibiotic therapy.

• Supportive Care: Patients with ehrlichiosis may require supportive care, including fluid replacement, pain management, and monitoring for potential complications (3).
• Antibiotic Therapy: While doxycycline was once the treatment of choice, its use is now likely reserved for cases where other bacterial infections are suspected or confirmed.

References

[1] May 15, 2024 — Doxycycline is the treatment of choice for adults and children of all ages with ehrlichiosis. [2] Jun 17, 2024 — Doxycycline remains the preferred drug for persons with ehrlichiosis. [3] Management and Treatment​​ Ehrlichiosis is treated with antibiotics. You usually have to take antibiotics until at least three days after your fever goes away ... [4] Oct 26, 2022 — Ehrlichiosis patients typically respond dramatically to doxycycline therapy (100 mg twice daily until the patient is afebrile for at least 3 ... [5] Jun 17, 2024 — The drug of choice for infections with human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) and human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) in both adults and children is doxycycline. [6] Recommended drug dosages for treatment of ehrlichiosis are: Doxycycline: 5 mg/kg every 12 hours, or 10 mg/kg every 24 hours, PO or IV, for at least 28 days. ... [7] by MU Aziz · 2023 · Cited by 34 — The treatment of choice for ehrlichiosis includes doxycycline, rifampicin, and minocycline. [8] The most effective therapy is doxycycline; rifampin may be used to treat pregnant women. Ehrlichia ewingii diagnosis usually relies upon cross-reactivity with E ... [9] by JS Dumler · 2007 · Cited by 532 — Once an ehrlichiosis is suspected on historical and clinical grounds, doxycycline treatment should be initiated concurrently with attempts at etiologic ...

The differential diagnosis for Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis, which was previously considered a distinct disease but is now often subsumed under the broader category of human ehrlichioses, includes various conditions that present with similar symptoms.

• Typhoid fever: This bacterial infection can cause fever, headache, and muscle aches, making it a differential diagnosis for Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis [1].
• Malaria: Another infectious disease that can manifest as acute illness, including fever, chills, and flu-like symptoms, which may be confused with the symptoms of Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis [1].
• Babesiosis: A parasitic infection caused by Babesia microti, which can cause similar symptoms to Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis, including fever and hemolytic anemia [1].

In addition to these conditions, other differential diagnoses for human ehrlichioses, which include Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis, may also include:

• Rocky Mountain spotted fever: A tick-borne disease caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, which can cause fever, headache, and a characteristic rash [4].
• Brucellosis: A bacterial infection caused by Brucella spp., which can cause fever, fatigue, and muscle aches [4].
• Blastomycosis: A fungal infection caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis, which can cause fever, cough, and chest pain [4].

These conditions should be considered in the differential diagnosis of human ehrlichioses, including Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis.

References:

[1] Jun 17, 2024 — Other differential diagnostic possibilities include typhoid fever, malaria, and babesiosis. All of these infectious diseases manifest as acute, ...

[4] May 15, 2024 — Differential diagnoses for ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis include: Acute stage: Rocky Mountain spotted fever · brucellosis · blastomycosis · endocarditis.