obsolete leiomyosarcoma nonmetastatic

Leiomyosarcoma Nonmetastatic Staging

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that originates from smooth muscle cells. When LMS is nonmetastatic, it means that the cancer has not spread to other parts of the body.

• Localized LMS: In this stage, the cancer is confined to the original site where it developed. The tumor may be small or large, but it has not invaded surrounding tissues or organs.
• Residual disease: After surgical removal of the primary tumor, some cancer cells may remain in the surrounding tissue. This is known as residual disease.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Nonmetastatic LMS may not exhibit any noticeable symptoms in its early stages. However, as the tumor grows, it can cause:

• Pain or discomfort in the affected area
• Swelling or a palpable mass
• Abnormal bleeding or discharge

Diagnosis of nonmetastatic LMS typically involves a combination of:

• Imaging studies (e.g., CT, MRI, or ultrasound) to visualize the tumor and surrounding tissues
• Biopsy to confirm the presence of cancer cells
• Histopathological examination to determine the type and grade of the tumor

Treatment Options

The primary treatment for nonmetastatic LMS is surgical removal of the tumor. The goal is to completely excise the cancerous tissue while preserving surrounding healthy tissues.

In some cases, additional treatments may be necessary, such as:

• Radiation therapy to target any remaining cancer cells
• Chemotherapy to address potential microscopic disease

Prognosis and Follow-up

The prognosis for nonmetastatic LMS is generally good, with a high chance of successful treatment. However, regular follow-up appointments are crucial to monitor for any signs of recurrence or metastasis.

Citations:

1. [3] Leiomyosarcoma is a rare malignant tumour that can originate in the soft tissue or bones. It most frequently occurs in the middle aged to older population (50-70 years) [3].
2. [13] Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma of large vessels tend to have a poor prognosis Metastases most commonly occur in lung, liver and soft tissue (Ann Surg Oncol 2013;20:1851, Cancer 1981;48:1022) Leiomyosarcoma is the most common sarcoma to produce skin metastases (Cancer 2012;118:2900)
3. [14] Leiomyosarcoma, or LMS, is a type of rare cancer that grows in the smooth muscles. The smooth muscles are in the hollow organs of the body, including the intestines, stomach, bladder, and blood vessels. In females, there is also smooth muscle in the uterus. These smooth muscle tissues help move blood, food, and other material through the body [14].

Based on the provided context, here are the signs and symptoms of leiomyosarcoma that are relevant to a non-metastatic (non-spreading) case:

Early Signs:

• A painless lump or swelling [4]
• Pain, if the growth presses on nerves or muscles [6]

As the Tumor Grows:

• Abdominal bloating
• Nausea and vomiting
• Weight loss
• Fever

Note that these symptoms can vary depending on the site of origin and size of the tumor. In some cases, people may not experience any symptoms in the early stages.

According to [10], leiomyosarcoma in the digestive system may also cause:

• Abdominal pain
• Tiredness

It's essential to note that these symptoms can be nonspecific and similar to those experienced by people with other conditions. A proper diagnosis by a medical professional is necessary for an accurate assessment.

References: [4], [6], [10]

Based on the provided context, it appears that you are looking for diagnostic tests used to diagnose leiomyosarcoma that is not metastatic (has not spread to other parts of the body). Here's a summary of the relevant information:

Diagnostic Tests:

• Physical exam: A physical examination may be performed by your doctor to gather more clues about what's causing any signs and symptoms you may be experiencing.
• Imaging tests:
  • MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): This test is often done if the doctor suspects a soft tissue sarcoma in the chest, abdomen (belly), or the retroperitoneum (the back of the abdomen).
  • CT scan: A CT scan uses x-rays to make detailed cross-sectional images of your body. This test is also used to see if the sarcoma has spread to the lungs, liver, or other organs.
  • X-rays: X-rays may be used to look for a leiomyosarcoma, especially in the chest, abdomen, or retroperitoneum.

Biopsy:

• A biopsy is usually the next step after imaging tests. It involves taking a sample of the tumor and checking it under a microscope for cancer cells by a pathologist (a doctor who is specially trained to diagnose disease).

Other Tests:

• Computed tomography (CT) scan
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Positron emission tomography (PET) scan

These tests are used to determine tumor presence, size, and location. A biopsy or surgery may be performed if a mass is detected.

References:

[1] Leiomyosarcoma primarily occurs in the retroperitoneum, uterus, and extremities, in descending order of frequency. [2] Imaging tests might include MRI, CT and positron emission tomography (PET). [3] A biopsy is usually the next step after imaging tests. [4] Computed tomography (CT) scan uses x-rays to make detailed cross-sectional images of your body. [5] X-rays may be used to look for a leiomyosarcoma, especially in the chest, abdomen, or retroperitoneum.

Based on the available information, it appears that there are limited effective later-line therapies for metastatic and/or unresectable leiomyosarcoma (result 1). However, for non-metastatic leiomyosarcoma, treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy.

For non-metastatic leiomyosarcoma, the treatment paradigm has typically been multimodality therapy, including neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy with drugs such as ifosfamide and etoposide (result 6). Additionally, targeted therapies are being investigated in metastatic soft tissue sarcoma, which may also be applicable to non-metastatic leiomyosarcoma.

In terms of specific drug treatments for non-metastatic leiomyosarcoma, there is limited information available. However, it has been suggested that treating people with advanced leiomyosarcoma with the combination of trabectedin and doxorubicin can help them live longer (result 10). This suggests that chemotherapy may be a viable treatment option for non-metastatic leiomyosarcoma.

It's worth noting that precision medicine, which includes targeted therapies, is an increasingly accepted approach to treating soft tissue sarcomas, including leiomyosarcoma (result 13). However, the evidence-based treatment for leiomyosarcoma comes from trials in which no distinctions have been made among the different sub-types.

Possible Treatment Options:

• Surgery, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy
• Multimodality therapy with neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy (e.g. ifosfamide and etoposide)
• Targeted therapies (e.g. trabectedin and doxorubicin)

Please note that these treatment options are based on limited information available in the provided context, and may not be comprehensive or up-to-date. It's always best to consult with a medical professional for personalized advice.

References:

[1] First-line therapy for metastatic and/or unresectable leiomyosarcoma includes anthracycline or gemcitabine based regimens. [6] The treatment paradigm of nonmetastatic OS has typically been multimodality therapy, including neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy with drugs such as ifosfamide and etoposide. [10] Treating people with advanced leiomyosarcoma with the combination of trabectedin (Yondelis) and doxorubicin can help them live longer. [13] Precision medicine encompasses at least three areas, including: next-generation sequencing of tumor DNA leading to targeted therapies; creating subsets of various diseases, allowing for greater prediction of outcomes; and immunotherapies, including vaccines and engineered cellular therapies.

Based on the provided context, it appears that you are looking for a differential diagnosis for leiomyosarcoma that is non-metastatic and considered obsolete.

Possible Differential Diagnoses:

• Epithelioid endometrial stromal sarcoma [14]
• Epithelioid angiosarcoma [14]

These conditions may present with similar signs and symptoms to leiomyosarcoma, but it's essential to note that they are distinct entities. A thorough evaluation by a medical professional is necessary to determine the correct diagnosis.

Key Points:

• Leiomyosarcoma is a rare soft tissue cancer that originates in smooth muscles.
• Non-metastatic leiomyosarcoma refers to tumors that have not spread to other parts of the body.
• Obsolete leiomyosarcoma may refer to outdated or no longer commonly used diagnostic criteria.

References:

[14] Other possible differential diagnosis of leimyosarcoma include, epithelioid endometrial stromal sarcoma, epithelioid angiosarcoma.