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diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

ICD-10 Codes

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Description

Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL): An Overview

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is a cancer that affects the immune system. It is characterized by the growth and proliferation of abnormal white blood cells called lymphocytes.

Key Characteristics:

  • Fast-growing: DLBCL is an aggressive form of lymphoma that grows rapidly.
  • Originates from B-cells: The cancer starts in mature B-cells, a type of lymphocyte responsible for producing antibodies to fight infections.
  • Most common subtype: DLBCL accounts for about 25-30% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas and is the most common type of lymphoma among adults.

Symptoms:

  • Swollen lymph nodes: The most common symptom is one or more painless swellings in the neck, armpit, or groin, caused by enlarged lymph nodes. *

Additional Characteristics

  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)
  • a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma
  • characterized by the growth and proliferation of abnormal white blood cells called lymphocytes
  • an aggressive form of lymphoma that grows rapidly
  • starts in mature B-cells, a type of lymphocyte responsible for producing antibodies to fight infections
  • accounts for about 25-30% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas
  • the most common type of lymphoma among adults

Signs and Symptoms

Common Signs and Symptoms of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that can cause a range of symptoms. Here are some common signs and symptoms associated with DLBCL:

  • Fever, Night Sweats, and Weight Loss: Around 1 in 3 people with DLBCL experience fevers, night sweats, and unexplained weight loss [1]. These symptoms are known as 'B symptoms' and can be a sign of the disease.
  • Swollen Lymph Nodes: The most common symptom is one or more painless swellings in the neck, armpit, or groin due to enlarged lymph nodes [8].
  • Pain in the Chest or Stomach Area (Abdomen): Pain in these areas can be a symptom of DLBCL [2].
  • Bone Pain: Some people with DLBCL may experience bone pain [2].
  • Skin Lumps: Skin lumps can also be a symptom of DLBCL [2].
  • Coughing or Breathlessness: Difficulty breathing, coughing, and shortness of breath are symptoms that can occur in some cases [3][6].
  • Dizziness and Headaches: Some people with DLBCL may experience dizziness and headaches [3].

It's essential to note that not everyone with DLBCL will experience all of these symptoms. If you're experiencing any of these symptoms, it's crucial to consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.

References: [1] Context result 1 [2] Context result 2 [3] Context result 3 [6] Context result 6 [8] Context result 8

Additional Symptoms

Diagnostic Tests

Diagnosing Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that requires several diagnostic tests to confirm the diagnosis. The process for diagnosing DLBCL often involves a combination of lab tests, imaging studies, and a physical examination.

Diagnostic Tests:

  • Blood tests: A complete blood count (CBC) may be ordered to determine if there are any abnormalities in the blood, such as anemia or changes in white blood cell counts [10].
  • Imaging tests: Imaging studies like computed tomography (CT) scans, positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used to visualize the lymph nodes and other affected areas [8][14].
  • Lymph node biopsy: A lymph node biopsy is a crucial test that involves removing a sample of tissue from an enlarged lymph node to examine it under a microscope. This procedure can confirm the diagnosis of DLBCL [4][7][15].
  • Bone marrow biopsy: Bone marrow biopsies are common tests used to diagnose blood cancers like B-cell lymphoma, but they may not be necessary for all cases of DLBCL [9].

Additional Tests:

  • Genetic testing: Genetic testing may be performed to understand whether specific mutations are present in the cancer cells [1].
  • Staging tests: Once the diagnosis is confirmed, additional tests are performed to determine the stage and extent of the disease [14].

It's essential to note that a combination of these diagnostic tests will help healthcare providers confirm the diagnosis of DLBCL. The specific tests used may vary depending on individual circumstances.

References: [1] Liu Y. (2019). Diagnosis: DLBCL is ideally diagnosed from an excisional biopsy of a suspicious lymph node... [4] [7] The main way doctors diagnose DLBCL is to remove a swollen lymph node, or take a sample of tissue from it, and look at it under a microscope. This involves a... [8] A dedicated contrast-enhanced CT scan may be required in addition to the PET/CT to define the extent of disease in special situations, such as... [9] Bone marrow biopsies are common tests to diagnose blood cancers like B-cell lymphoma. [10] Different diagnostic tests may reveal that a patient has diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, including: Blood tests. A complete blood count (CBC) may be ordered to determine if the correct proportions of red, white blood cells, and platelets are present... [14] DIFFUSE LARGE B CELL LYMPHOMA DIAGNOSIS. The diagnosis of DLBCL is confirmed by removing part or all of an enlarged lymph node with a biopsy...

Additional Diagnostic Tests

  • Blood tests
  • Bone marrow biopsy
  • Imaging tests
  • Lymph node biopsy

Treatment

Treatment Options for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)

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Differential Diagnosis

Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Differential Diagnosis

The differential diagnosis of DLBCL involves considering various conditions that may present with similar symptoms and characteristics. The following are some of the key conditions to consider:

  • Benign Inoculation Lymphoreticulosis: This is a benign condition characterized by the presence of lymphoid cells in the lymph nodes, which can mimic the appearance of DLBCL on histopathology.
  • Follicular Lymphoma: A type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that can present with similar symptoms to DLBCL, including lymphadenopathy and extranodal involvement.
  • Lymphoblastic Lymphoma: A rare and aggressive form of lymphoma that can present with similar symptoms to DLBCL, including rapid growth of lymph nodes and extranodal involvement.
  • Malignant Anaplastic (Ki 1+) Lymphoma: A rare and aggressive form of lymphoma that can present with similar symptoms to DLBCL, including rapid growth of lymph nodes and extranodal involvement.
  • Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that can present with similar symptoms to DLBCL, including lymphadenopathy and extranodal involvement.
  • Mediastinal Lymphoma: A rare form of lymphoma that can present with similar symptoms to DLBCL, including mediastinal mass and extranodal involvement.
  • Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis: A rare and aggressive form of lymphoma that can present with similar symptoms to DLBCL, including rapid growth of lymph nodes and extranodal involvement.
  • Sarcoidosis: A benign condition characterized by the presence of granulomas in various organs, which can mimic the appearance of DLBCL on histopathology.

Key Points

  • Accurate diagnosis of DLBCL requires exclusion of other types of lymphomas and consideration of differential diagnoses (1).
  • DLBCL is a fast-growing blood cancer that accounts for about 25% to 30% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas (12).
  • The most common subtype, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, has a 40% lifetime relapse rate (15).

References

(1) Context: The diagnosis of DLBCL is based on morphological and immunophenotypical evaluation of the biopsy specimens. (12) Context: Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma, accounting for about 25% to 30% of all the non-Hodgkin lymphomas. (15) Context: The most common subtype, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, has a 40% lifetime relapse rate.

Additional Information

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