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ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Description
Ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that affects the ovaries. It is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin, which is a thick, protective fluid.
Key Features:
- Rare subtype: Ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma accounts for only 5-10% of all ovarian mucinous tumors [2].
- Large and complex mass: Mucinous ovarian neoplasms are often large and may require transabdominal imaging to view the full extent of the mass [13].
- Malignant glandular epithelial cells: The cancer is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin.
- Invasive behavior: The cancer invades the ovarian stroma and the cystic spaces contain mucoid material.
Prognosis:
- Excellent prognosis for stage I tumors: In a minority of cases, both ovaries are involved by the tumor. However, the prognosis for stage I tumors is excellent [14].
Demographics:
- Younger patients: Mucinous tumors are characteristically diagnosed in patients who are younger than patients in whom other epithelial ovarian cancers are diagnosed [15].
Additional Characteristics
- Malignant glandular epithelial cells
- Intracytoplasmic mucin
- Large and complex mass
- Malignant invasion of ovarian stroma
- Presence of mucoid material
Signs and Symptoms
Common Signs and Symptoms of Ovarian Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma
Ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is a rare type of cancer that can be challenging to diagnose due to its vague symptoms. However, being aware of the common signs and symptoms can help with timely diagnosis and treatment.
General Abdominal Discomfort or Pain
- Gas, indigestion, pressure, swelling, bloating, cramps: These symptoms are often reported by women with ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (1, 4, 14).
- Bloating and/or a feeling of fullness, even after a light meal: This symptom is commonly experienced by women with this type of cancer (14).
Other Symptoms
- Nausea, diarrhea, constipation or frequent urination: These symptoms can also be indicative of ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (4, 14).
- Pelvic pain and pressure: Women with this type of cancer may experience pelvic pain and pressure due to the tumor's growth (8).
Important Notes
- The early symptoms of ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma are often vague and can mimic those of less serious conditions.
- A definitive diagnosis requires additional tests, such as imaging studies or biopsies, to rule out other clinical conditions.
References:
[1] Mucinous Ovarian Cancer: Overview and Outlook. (Search Result 2) [4] Mucinous ovarian cancer is a rare cancer that causes very large abdominal tumors. Learn more about this condition, including symptoms and treatment. (Search Result 4) [8] Patients often present with pelvic pain and pressure, abdominal mass or gastrointestinal problems such as early satiety or bloating. ORPHA:398961. (Search Result 8) [14] Symptoms and signs of ovarian cancer vary from woman to woman, but they may include: General abdominal discomfort or pain (gas, indigestion, pressure, swelling, bloating, cramps) Bloating and/or a feeling of fullness, even after a light meal; Nausea, diarrhea, constipation or frequent urination. (Search Result 14)
Diagnostic Tests
Diagnostic Tests for Ovarian Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma
Ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. The following diagnostic tests can help identify this condition:
- Imaging tests: Transvaginal ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are commonly used to diagnose ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. These tests can help identify the size and location of the tumor, as well as any potential metastasis [8][10].
- CA-125 testing: This blood test measures the level of a protein called CA-125 in the blood. Elevated levels of CA-125 can indicate ovarian cancer, including mucinous cystadenocarcinoma [9].
- Pelvic exam: A pelvic exam involves a physical examination of the vagina and cervix to check for any abnormalities or tumors.
- Transvaginal ultrasonography: This test uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of the ovaries and surrounding tissues. It can help identify cysts, tumors, or other abnormalities [11].
- CA 125 testing: This blood test measures the level of a protein called CA-125 in the blood. Elevated levels of CA-125 can indicate ovarian cancer, including mucinous cystadenocarcinoma [9].
Additional Tests
In some cases, additional tests may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis or rule out other conditions. These may include:
- Biopsy: A biopsy involves removing a sample of tissue from the tumor for further examination.
- Genetic testing: Genetic testing can help identify any genetic mutations that may be contributing to the development of ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma.
References
[8] CT often shows a large low attenuation cystic adnexal mass with occasional high attenuation locules within as a result of high protein contents of mucinous ...
[9] Apr 28, 2022 — Blood tests, including CA-19, CA-125, and carcinoembryonic antigen ... Options for the treatment of mucinous ovarian carcinoma [Abstract].
[10] Tests and procedures used to diagnose ovarian cancer include: Pelvic exam. During a pelvic exam, your doctor inserts gloved fingers into your vagina and simultaneously presses a hand on your abdomen in order to feel (palpate) your pelvic organs.
[11] Transvaginal ultrasonography and CA 125 testing are the two most studied ovarian cancer screening modalities.
Additional Diagnostic Tests
- Biopsy
- Genetic testing
- Imaging tests
- Pelvic exam
- Transvaginal ultrasonography
- CA-125 testing
Treatment
Treatment Options for Mucinous Ovarian Cystadenocarcinoma
Mucinous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma is a rare and aggressive type of ovarian cancer that requires prompt and effective treatment. While surgery remains the primary treatment option, drug therapy plays a crucial role in managing this disease.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is often used to treat mucinous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma, especially when the cancer has spread beyond the ovaries or recurs after initial treatment. The most commonly used chemotherapy regimens include:
- Carboplatin and Paclitaxel: This combination is a standard first-line treatment for advanced ovarian cancer, including mucinous types [8].
- Oxaliplatin and Capecitabine: This regimen has shown efficacy in treating mucinous ovarian cancer, particularly when combined with bevacizumab [9].
Targeted Therapies
Recent studies have explored the potential of targeted therapies in treating mucinous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma. Some promising agents include:
- Bevacizumab: A monoclonal antibody that targets vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which is overexpressed in many ovarian cancers, including mucinous types [5].
- Niraparib and Rucaparib: These PARP inhibitors have shown efficacy in treating ovarian cancer, including mucinous subtypes [9].
Other Treatment Options
In addition to surgery and chemotherapy, other treatment options may be considered for patients with mucinous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma. These include:
- HIPEC (Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy): A procedure that involves heating a chemotherapy solution to high temperatures and infusing it directly into the abdominal cavity [6].
- Targeted therapies: Other targeted agents, such as trastuzumab and nintedanib, may be explored in clinical trials or for specific patient populations [7].
References
[5] Context 1: The rare tumor trial GOG-0241 attempted to evaluate several treatment regimens, including bevacizumab, specifically in patients with advanced mucinous ovarian carcinoma.
[8] Context 8: Carboplatin and Paclitaxel as First-Line Therapy in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Stage III-IV Ovarian Cancer.
[9] Context 9: Nov 17, 2022 — Drugs that might be used include bevacizumab, niraparib, rucaparib, and olaparib. Another option is to limit treatments to those aimed at ...
Note: The information provided is based on the search results within the context and may not reflect the most up-to-date or comprehensive information available.
Recommended Medications
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Differential Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis of Ovarian Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma
Ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that can be challenging to diagnose. The differential diagnosis for this condition involves considering various other possible causes of the symptoms and test results
Additional Differential Diagnoses
- Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the stomach or appendix
- endometriosis
- mucinous ovarian cystadenoma
- pseudomyxoma peritonei
Additional Information
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