ICD-10: B80

Enterobiasis, classified under ICD-10 code B80, is primarily known as a pinworm infection. This condition is caused by the parasitic worm Enterobius vermicularis, which is most commonly found in children but can affect individuals of any age. Below are alternative names and related terms associated with Enterobiasis:

Alternative Names

1. Pinworm Infection: The most common alternative name, reflecting the primary causative agent.
2. Oxyuriasis: This term is derived from the scientific name for the pinworm, Oxyuris vermicularis, which is an older classification.
3. Enterobius Infection: A more technical term that refers to the infection caused by the Enterobius vermicularis parasite.

Related Terms

1. Helminthiasis: A broader term that refers to infections caused by helminths (parasitic worms), including pinworms.
2. Intestinal Parasites: A general category that includes various types of parasites affecting the gastrointestinal tract, including pinworms.
3. Pruritus Ani: This term describes the anal itching often associated with pinworm infections, which is a common symptom.
4. Asymptomatic Enterobiasis: Refers to cases where individuals are infected but do not exhibit noticeable symptoms.
5. Childhood Enterobiasis: A term that highlights the prevalence of pinworm infections in children, who are more susceptible to this type of parasitic infection.

Conclusion

Understanding the various names and related terms for Enterobiasis can aid in better communication regarding diagnosis and treatment. The condition is primarily recognized as a pinworm infection, but its implications extend into broader categories of parasitic infections. If you have further questions or need more specific information, feel free to ask!

Enterobiasis, classified under ICD-10-CM code B80, is a parasitic infection caused primarily by the pinworm, Enterobius vermicularis. This condition is particularly prevalent in children but can affect individuals of any age. Below is a detailed clinical description and relevant information regarding enterobiasis.

Clinical Description

Etiology

Enterobiasis is caused by the pinworm, a small, white nematode that typically resides in the human intestine. The adult female pinworm measures about 8 to 13 mm in length and is known for its characteristic behavior of migrating to the anal area at night to lay eggs, which can lead to intense itching and discomfort.

Transmission

The transmission of pinworms occurs through the fecal-oral route. This can happen when an individual ingests pinworm eggs, which are often found on contaminated surfaces, clothing, or bedding. The eggs can survive outside the human body for several weeks, making hygiene practices crucial in preventing infection.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of enterobiasis is perianal itching, especially at night. Other symptoms may include:
- Insomnia due to itching
- Irritability in children
- Secondary bacterial infections from scratching
- Abdominal pain or discomfort in some cases

In many instances, enterobiasis can be asymptomatic, particularly in adults, which can lead to underdiagnosis.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of enterobiasis is typically made through clinical evaluation and laboratory tests. The most common diagnostic method is the "tape test," where a piece of clear tape is applied to the perianal area to collect eggs, which are then examined under a microscope. Other methods may include stool examinations, although they are less effective due to the intermittent shedding of eggs.

Treatment

The treatment for enterobiasis usually involves the administration of antiparasitic medications. The most commonly prescribed medications include:
- Mebendazole
- Albendazole
- Pyrantel pamoate

These medications are effective in killing adult worms and preventing reinfection. It is often recommended that all household members be treated simultaneously to reduce the risk of reinfection.

Prevention

Preventive measures are essential in controlling the spread of enterobiasis. Key strategies include:
- Practicing good hand hygiene, especially after using the bathroom and before eating
- Keeping fingernails short and clean
- Washing bed linens and clothing regularly in hot water
- Encouraging children to avoid scratching the anal area

Conclusion

Enterobiasis, represented by ICD-10 code B80, is a common yet often overlooked parasitic infection, particularly in children. Understanding its transmission, symptoms, and treatment options is crucial for effective management and prevention. By implementing good hygiene practices and seeking timely medical intervention, the impact of enterobiasis can be significantly reduced.

Enterobiasis, commonly known as pinworm infection, is caused by the parasitic worm Enterobius vermicularis. This condition is particularly prevalent among children but can affect individuals of any age. Below is a detailed overview of the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics associated with ICD-10 code B80.

Clinical Presentation

Overview of Enterobiasis

Enterobiasis is characterized by the presence of pinworms in the intestines, primarily affecting the rectal area. The infection is transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often via contaminated hands, surfaces, or food. The lifecycle of the pinworm involves eggs being laid around the anal region, leading to intense itching and discomfort.

Signs and Symptoms

The clinical manifestations of enterobiasis can vary, but the most common signs and symptoms include:

• Pruritus Ani: The most prominent symptom is intense itching around the anus, particularly at night when the female pinworms lay their eggs. This itching can lead to secondary infections due to scratching[1].
• Insomnia: Discomfort from itching can disrupt sleep, leading to insomnia or restlessness in affected individuals[1].
• Irritability: Children may exhibit irritability or behavioral changes due to discomfort and sleep disturbances[1].
• Abdominal Pain: Some patients may experience mild abdominal pain or discomfort, although this is less common[1].
• Nausea: In some cases, nausea may occur, particularly in more severe infections[1].
• Visible Worms: In certain instances, adult pinworms may be visible in the stool or around the anal area, especially at night[1].

Patient Characteristics

Enterobiasis predominantly affects children, particularly those aged 5 to 10 years, due to their behaviors and hygiene practices. However, it can also occur in adults, especially in settings where close contact is common, such as households, schools, and daycare centers. Key patient characteristics include:

• Age: Most commonly seen in preschool and school-aged children, but can affect any age group[1].
• Hygiene Practices: Poor hygiene, such as inadequate handwashing, increases the risk of transmission. Children in communal settings are particularly susceptible[1].
• Geographic Location: Enterobiasis is prevalent worldwide, but higher rates are often reported in areas with crowded living conditions and limited access to sanitation[1].
• Socioeconomic Status: Lower socioeconomic status may correlate with higher rates of infection due to factors like overcrowding and limited access to healthcare[1].

Conclusion

Enterobiasis, coded as B80 in the ICD-10 classification, presents primarily with anal itching, sleep disturbances, and irritability, particularly in children. Understanding the clinical presentation and patient characteristics is crucial for effective diagnosis and management. Treatment typically involves antiparasitic medications, and improving hygiene practices can help prevent reinfection and transmission.

For further information or specific case management strategies, consulting healthcare professionals or infectious disease specialists is recommended.

Enterobiasis, commonly known as pinworm infection, is classified under the ICD-10-CM code B80. The diagnosis of enterobiasis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation and laboratory testing. Below are the key criteria used for diagnosing this condition:

Clinical Symptoms

1. Itching and Discomfort: The most common symptom of enterobiasis is intense itching around the anal area, particularly at night. This occurs due to the female pinworms laying eggs in the perianal region[1].

2. Sleep Disturbances: The itching can lead to sleep disturbances, as the discomfort may cause children (and sometimes adults) to wake up at night[1].

3. Irritability and Behavioral Changes: In children, the discomfort and lack of sleep can result in irritability and behavioral changes, which may prompt further investigation[1].

4. Secondary Infections: Scratching the affected area can lead to secondary bacterial infections, which may also be noted during a clinical examination[1].

Laboratory Testing

1. Tape Test: The most reliable method for diagnosing enterobiasis is the "tape test." This involves applying a piece of clear tape to the perianal area to collect eggs. The tape is then examined under a microscope for the presence of pinworm eggs[2].

2. Stool Examination: While pinworms are not typically found in stool samples, a stool examination may be performed to rule out other parasitic infections[2].

3. Visual Inspection: In some cases, adult pinworms may be visible in the stool or around the anal area, particularly at night when they are most active[2].

Differential Diagnosis

It is essential to differentiate enterobiasis from other conditions that may cause similar symptoms, such as:

• Other Parasitic Infections: Conditions like giardiasis or ascariasis may present with gastrointestinal symptoms but require different diagnostic approaches[3].
• Dermatological Conditions: Skin irritations or infections can mimic the symptoms of enterobiasis, necessitating a thorough clinical evaluation[3].

Conclusion

The diagnosis of enterobiasis (ICD-10 code B80) relies on a combination of clinical symptoms, particularly perianal itching, and confirmatory laboratory tests such as the tape test. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and management of the infection, which is typically straightforward and involves the use of antiparasitic medications. If you suspect enterobiasis, consulting a healthcare provider for appropriate testing and treatment is recommended.

Enterobiasis, commonly known as pinworm infection, is caused by the parasite Enterobius vermicularis. It is particularly prevalent in children but can affect individuals of all ages. The ICD-10-CM diagnosis code for enterobiasis is B80. Understanding the standard treatment approaches for this condition is essential for effective management and prevention of reinfection.

Overview of Enterobiasis

Enterobiasis is characterized by symptoms such as anal itching, irritability, and sometimes abdominal discomfort. The infection is transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often via contaminated hands or surfaces. Diagnosis typically involves identifying pinworm eggs through tape tests or observing adult worms in the anal area, especially at night when they emerge to lay eggs.

Standard Treatment Approaches

1. Pharmacological Treatment

The primary treatment for enterobiasis involves the use of antiparasitic medications. The most commonly prescribed drugs include:

• Mebendazole: This medication is effective in treating pinworm infections by inhibiting the worms' ability to absorb glucose, leading to their death. A typical dosage is 100 mg taken as a single dose, which may be repeated after two weeks to prevent reinfection[1].

• Albendazole: Similar to mebendazole, albendazole is another effective treatment option. The standard dosage is 400 mg taken as a single dose, with a repeat dose recommended after two weeks[1].

• Pyrantel Pamoate: This is an alternative treatment that paralyzes the worms, allowing them to be expelled from the body. The dosage is typically 11 mg/kg, not exceeding 1 gram, taken as a single dose[1].

2. Non-Pharmacological Measures

In addition to medication, several non-pharmacological measures can help manage and prevent enterobiasis:

• Hygiene Practices: Emphasizing good hygiene is crucial. Regular handwashing, especially after using the toilet and before meals, can significantly reduce the risk of transmission. Keeping fingernails short and clean also helps prevent egg accumulation[1].

• Laundry and Cleaning: Washing bed linens, pajamas, and underwear in hot water can help eliminate pinworm eggs. Vacuuming and cleaning surfaces in the home, particularly in the bedroom and bathroom, are also recommended to reduce contamination[1].

• Avoiding Scratching: Encouraging children to avoid scratching the anal area can help prevent the spread of eggs to their hands and other surfaces[1].

3. Follow-Up and Monitoring

After treatment, it is important to monitor for any recurrence of symptoms. If symptoms persist or reappear, a follow-up consultation with a healthcare provider is advisable. In some cases, additional treatment may be necessary, especially in households with multiple infected individuals, as reinfection is common[1].

Conclusion

Effective management of enterobiasis involves a combination of pharmacological treatments and rigorous hygiene practices. Medications such as mebendazole, albendazole, and pyrantel pamoate are the cornerstone of treatment, while non-pharmacological measures play a critical role in preventing reinfection. By adhering to these guidelines, individuals can effectively manage enterobiasis and reduce the risk of transmission within households. Regular follow-up and monitoring are essential to ensure the successful resolution of the infection and to prevent future occurrences.

[1] Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List.